柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩气储层流体地球化学特征

doi:10.7623/syxb201711003

石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (11): 1244-1252.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201711003

柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩气储层流体地球化学特征

张敏^1,2, 欧光习², 张枝焕¹, 黎琼², 宫晓峰²

1. 中国石油大学地球科学学院北京 102249;
2. 核工业北京地质研究院北京 100029

收稿日期:2017-03-20 修回日期:2017-09-11 出版日期:2017-11-25 发布日期:2017-12-08
通讯作者: 张枝焕,男,1962年9月生,1985年获成都地质学院学士学位,2000年获石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事有机地球化学研究。Email:zhangzh3996@vip.163.com
作者简介:张敏,女,1974年7月生,1995年获河南工业大学学士学位,2005年获中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位,现为核工业北京地质研究院高级工程师,主要从事地球化学研究。Email:zhangmin715@126.com
基金资助:
中国地质调查项目（1212011221045）资助。

Geochemical characteristics of fluid in Carboniferous shale gas reservoir of the eastern Q aidam Basin

Zhang Min^1,2, Ou Guangxi², Zhang Zhihuan¹, Li Qiong², Gong Xiaofeng²

1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2017-03-20 Revised:2017-09-11 Online:2017-11-25 Published:2017-12-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩气储层中多发育薄层粉细砂岩夹层，部分页岩气在形成后便近距离聚集在砂岩夹层中，因而赋存于砂岩夹层不同期次成岩矿物中的流体包裹体便成为研究页岩气储层流体形成与演化过程的"活化石"。从页岩有机地球化学特征、储层显微偏光/荧光特征、流体包裹体的温度及成分特征等方面入手，系统分析了研究区页岩气的形成和保存条件。结果表明，研究区石炭系泥页岩有机质丰度高，有机质类型为Ⅱ₂—Ⅲ型，普遍处于成熟—高成熟阶段。页岩气储层存在2期次的油气充注过程：第1期发生在早二叠世末期，油气的成分成熟度较低，为砂岩夹层中环石英颗粒加大边内侧分布的重质油包裹体及现今储层中残留的褐色、灰褐色稀油沥青；第2期发生在新近纪早期—现今，为砂岩夹层中沿石英颗粒成岩期后微裂隙成带分布的凝析油及天然气包裹体，是现今页岩气储层油气的主体。盆地东缘及东北缘部分砂岩夹层中气体包裹体成分多为CH₄＋CO₂、CO₂+CH₄+N₂，属于岩浆热液作用下的变质流体。研究区中部石炭系页岩有机碳含量高、成熟度适中（R_o均值约为1.0%）、油气保存条件较好，现今仍存可动轻质油气，具有良好的页岩气勘探前景。

关键词: 页岩气, 流体包裹体, 储层流体特性, 石炭系, 柴达木盆地

Abstract:

The thin interlayer of silty-fine sandstone is mostly developed in Carboniferous shale gas reservoirs of the eastern Qaidam Basin. After generation, shale gas will gather in the adjacent sandstone interlayer. Thus, the fluid inclusions in the diagenetic minerals with different stages of sandstone interlayer will become the "living fossil" for studying the fluid formation and evolution process of shale gas reservoir. In this paper, the generation and preservation conditions of shale gas in the study area were systematically investigated in terms of the geochemical characteristics of shale, the microscopic polarization/fluorescence characteristics of reservoir, as well as the temperature and composition characteristics of fluid inclusion. The research results indicate that Carboniferous mud shale in the study area has high organic abundance, dominated by the organic matter of Type Ⅱ₂-Ⅲ, and is generally in the mature-highly mature development stage. There exist two stages of hydrocarbon charging processes in shale gas reservoir. Stage 1 occurred at the end of Early Permian period, in which the hydrocarbon compositions had low maturity, consisting of heavy oil inclusions distributed inside the annular quartz-grain overgrowth edge in sandstone interlayer and residual brown-beige thin-oil asphalt in current reservoirs. Stage 2 occurs from Early Neogene till now, in which the condensate and natural gas inclusions are distributed zonally along the micro-cracks of sandstone interlayer posterior to the quartz grain digenesis period, considered as the hydrocarbon main body of current shale gas reservoirs. In partial sandstone interlayer at the east and northeast edges of the basin, gas inclusions have primary compositions such as CH₄+CO₂ and CO₂+CH₄+N₂, belonging to metamorphic fluid under magma hydrothermalism. The Carboniferous shale in the central study area has high organic carbon content with moderate maturity (R_o mean of 1.0% ±) and good hydrocarbon preservation conditions, where movable light oil and gas exist at present, indicating favorable exploration prospects for shale gas.

Key words: shale gas, fluid inclusion, reservoir fluid characteristics, Carboniferous, Qaidam Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.14

张敏, 欧光习, 张枝焕, 黎琼, 宫晓峰. 柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩气储层流体地球化学特征[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(11): 1244-1252.

Zhang Min, Ou Guangxi, Zhang Zhihuan, Li Qiong, Gong Xiaofeng. Geochemical characteristics of fluid in Carboniferous shale gas reservoir of the eastern Q aidam Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(11): 1244-1252.

参考文献

[1] 董大忠,邹才能,杨桦,等. 中国页岩气勘探开发进展与发展前景[J].石油学报,2012,33(1):107-114.
DONG Dazhong,ZOU Caineng,YANG Hua,et al.Progress and prospects of shale gas exploration and development in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(1):107-114.
[2] 张金川,徐波,聂海宽,等.中国页岩气资源勘探潜力[J].天然气工业,2008,28(6):136-140.
ZHANG Jinchuan,XU Bo,NIE Haikuan,et al.Exploration potential of shale gas resources in China[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(6):136-140.
[3] 文志刚,王正允,何幼斌,等.柴达木盆地北缘上石炭统烃源岩评价[J].天然气地球科学,2004,15(2):125-127.
WEN Zhigang,WANG Zhengyun,HE Youbin,et al.Evaluation on upper Carboniferous hydrocarbon source rock in the northern margin of Chaidamu Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(2):125-127.
[4] 杨超,陈清华,王冠民,等.柴达木地区上古生界石炭系烃源岩评价[J].石油学报,2010,31(6):913-919.
YANG Chao,CHEN Qinghua,WANG Guanmin,et al.Evaluation of Carboniferous source rocks in Qaidam area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(6):913-919.
[5] 邵文斌,彭立才,汪立群,等.柴达木盆地北缘井下石炭系烃源岩的发现及其地质意义[J].石油学报,2006,27(4):36-39.
SHAO Wenbin,PENG Licai,WANG Liqun,et al.Discovery of Carboniferous source rocks in the north margin of Qaidam Basin and its geological significance[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(4):36-39.
[6] 卢焕章,李秉伦,沈昆,等.包裹体地球化学[M].北京:地质出版社,1990:6-16.
LU Huanzhang,LI Binglun,SHEN Kun,et al.inclusions Geochemistry[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1990:6-16.
[7] MCLIMANS P K.The application of fluid inclusions to migration of oil and diagenesis in petroleum reservoirs[J].Applied Geochemistry,1987,2(5/6):585-603.
[8] 单秀琴,钱玲,胡国艺,等.塔中奥陶系碳酸盐岩中流体包裹体特征及其在油气成藏中的应用[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2006,25(1):37-41.
SHAN Xiuqin,QIAN Ling,HU Guoyi,et al.Characteristics and the function for oil/gas accumulation of fluid inclusions in ordovician carbonate in the central Tarim Basin[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2006,25(1):37-41.
[9] 欧光习,李林强,孙玉梅.沉积盆地流体包裹体研究的理论与实践[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,2006,25(1):1-11.
OU Guangxi,LI Linqiang,SUN Yumei.Theory and application of fluid inclusion research on the sedimentary basins[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,2006,25(1):1-11.
[10] 陶士振,杨跃明,庞正炼,等.四川盆地侏罗系流体包裹体与致密油形成演化[J].岩石学报,2015,31(4):1089-1100.
TAO Shizhen,YANG Yueming,PANG Zhenlian,et al.The fluid inclusion characteristics and formation,evolution of tight oil of Jurassic,Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2015,31(4):1089-1100.
[11] AL AZZAM K M,SAAD B,ADNAN R,et al.Enantioselective analysis of ofloxacin and ornidazole in pharmaceutical formulations by capillary electrophoresis using single chiral selector and computational calculation of their inclusion complexes[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2010,674(2):249-255.
[12] 高键,何生,易积正.焦石坝页岩气田中高密度甲烷包裹体的发现及其意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2015,36(3):474-480.
GAO Jian,HE Sheng,YI Jizheng.Discovery of high density methane inclusions in Jiaoshiba shale gas field and its significance[J].Oil & Gas geology,2015,36(3):474-480.
[13] 王濡岳,丁文龙,龚大建,等.渝东南-黔北地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩裂缝发育特征与主控因素[J].石油学报,2016,37(7):832-845.
WANG Ruyue,DING Wenlong,GONG Dajian,et al.Development characteristics and major controlling factors of shale fractures in the Lower Cambrian Niutitang Formation,southeastern Chongqing-northern Guizhou area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(7):832-845.
[14] 甘贵元,尹成明,张冰清,等.柴达木盆地油气资源战略调查成果与下步工作重点[J].地质通报,2006,25(9/10):1068-1073.
GAN Guiyuan,YIN Chengming,ZHANG Bingqing,et al.Outcomes of strategic investigation of oil-gas resources in the Qaidam basin,Northwest China and focus of future work[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2006,25(9/10):1068-1073.
[15] 马寅生,尹成明,刘成林,等.柴达木盆地石炭系油气资源调查评价进展[J].地球学报,2012,33(2):135-144.
MA Yinsheng,YIN Chengming,LIU Chenglin,et al.The progress of carboniferous oil and gas investigation and assessment in Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,2012,33(2):135-144.
[16] 张建良,钟建华,李亚辉,等.柴达木盆地东部石炭系石油地质条件及油气勘探前景[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(2):144-149.
ZHANG Jianliang,ZHONG Jianhua,LI Yahui,et al.Petroleum geologic conditions and exploration prospects of carboniferous in the east of Qaidam Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2008,30(2):144-149.
[17] 桂丽黎,刘可禹,柳少波,等.柴达木盆地西部南区红柳泉岩性油气藏成藏特征[J].石油学报,2015,36(1):50-59.
GUI Lili,LIU Keyu,LIU Shaobo,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics of Hongliuquan lithologic reservoirs in south area of weatern Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(1):50-59.
[18] 汤国民,罗群,庞雄奇,等.柴西地区南翼山构造天然气来源及成藏模式[J].石油学报,2015,36(4):446-456.
TANG Guomin,LUO Qun,PANG Xiongqi,et al.Origin and accumulation model of natural gas in Nanyishan structure of western Qaidam Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(4):446-456.
[19] AROURI K R,JENDEN P D,AL-HAJJI A A.Petroleum inclusions atop Unayzah gas condensate reservoir:signpost for an undocumented chapter of the Arabian Basin filling history[J].Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(7):698-705.
[20] HASZELDINE R S,SAMSON I M,CORNFORT C.Dating diagenesis in a petroleum basin,a new fluid inclusion method[J].Nature,1984,307(5949):354-357.
[21] 罗枭,姜振学,李卓,等.英买力地区中生界-新生界油气藏石油包裹体特征及成藏期次[J].石油学报,2015,36(1):60-66.
LUO Xiao,JIANG Zhenxue,LI Zhuo,et al.The properties of petroleum inclusions and stages of hydrocarbon accumulation in Mesozoic-Cenozoic reservoirs in Yingmaili area of Tabei uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(1):60-66.
[22] 高玉巧,欧光习,谭守强,等.歧口凹陷西坡白水头构造沙一段下部油气成藏期次研究[J].岩石学报,2003,19(2):359-365.
GAO Yuqiao,OU Guangxi,TAN Shouqiang,et al.Research on the discharge times and stages of oil and gas reservoir in lower Es₁ of Baishuitou structure at west slope in Qikou depression[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2003,19(2):359-365.
[23] KARLSEN D A,NEDKVITNE T,LARTER S R,et al.Hydrocarbon composition of authigenic inclusions:application to elucidation of petroleum reservoir filling history[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1993,57(15):3641-3659.

柴达木盆地东部石炭系页岩气储层流体地球化学特征

Geochemical characteristics of fluid in Carboniferous shale gas reservoir of the eastern Q aidam Basin

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	黄亚浩, 汪如军, 文志刚, 张银涛, 崔仕提, 李梦勤, 王彭, 何涛华. 塔里木盆地富满油田深层—超深层油气成藏过程[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(6): 947-960.
[2]	鲁雪松, 桂丽黎, 汪泽成, 柳少波, 刘强, 范俊佳, 陈玮岩, 马行陟, 姜华, 付小东, 李文正, 钟源, 李堃宇, 谢武仁. 四川盆地中部走滑断裂活动时间与控藏作用——来自断裂带胶结物U-Pb定年和流体包裹体的证据[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(4): 642-658.
[3]	梁兴, 单长安, 张磊, 罗瑀峰, 蒋立伟, 张介辉, 朱斗星, 舒红林, 李健. 四川盆地渝西地区大安深层页岩气田的勘探发现及成藏条件[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(3): 477-499.
[4]	李乐, 胡远清, 彭小桂, 王伟, 余浩宇, 崔亚圣. 页岩气藏中硫化氢成因研究进展[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(2): 461-476.
[5]	宋永, 唐勇, 何文军, 龚德瑜, 晏奇, 陈棡, 单祥, 刘超威, 刘刚, 秦志军, 阿布力米提·依明, 尤新才, 任海姣, 白雨, 高岗. 准噶尔盆地油气勘探新领域、新类型及勘探潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 52-68.
[6]	谭茂金, 武宏亮, 王思宇, 杜广慧, 白洋, 王谦. 中国海相页岩气测井评价技术进展与发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 241-260.
[7]	王立歆, 李弘, 刘小民, 胡华锋. 中国海相页岩气地震勘探技术及其发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 261-275.
[8]	赵金洲, 雍锐, 胡东风, 佘朝毅, 付永强, 吴建发, 蒋廷学, 任岚, 周博, 林然. 中国深层—超深层页岩气压裂:问题、挑战与发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 295-311.
[9]	武瑾, 李海, 杨学锋, 赵圣贤, 郭伟, 孙玉平, 刘永, 刘兆龙. 深层海相页岩纹层类型、组合及其对储层品质的影响——以四川盆地南部泸州区块龙马溪组一段一亚段为例[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(9): 1517-1531.
[10]	熊亮, 赵勇, 魏力民, 庞河清, 慈建发. 威荣海相页岩气田页岩气富集机理及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(8): 1365-1381.
[11]	胡德高, 周林, 包汉勇, 刘皓天, 刘超, 孟志勇, 赵帅, 王建. 川东红星地区HY1井二叠系页岩气勘探突破及意义[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(2): 241-252.
[12]	王建, 郭秋麟, 赵晨蕾, 王玉满, 于京都, 柳庄小雪, 陈宁生. 中国主要盆地页岩油气资源潜力及发展前景[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(12): 2033-2044.
[13]	姜鹏飞, 吴建发, 朱逸青, 张德宽, 吴伟, 张芮, 吴喆, 王青, 杨雨然, 杨雪, 伍秋姿, 陈丽清, 何一凡, 张娟. 四川盆地海相页岩气富集条件及勘探开发有利区[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(1): 91-109.
[14]	张智, 王嘉伟, 吴优, 霍宏博, 谢涛, 李金蔓. 页岩气水平井固井水泥环状态对套管力学完整性的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(8): 1158-1172.
[15]	端祥刚, 吴建发, 张晓伟, 胡志明, 常进, 周尚文, 陈学科, 祁灵. 四川盆地海相页岩气提高采收率研究进展与关键问题[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(8): 1185-1200.