塔里木盆地北部下白垩统大型湖相砂坝特征及油气勘探意义

doi:10.7623/syxb201808001

石油学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (8): 845-857.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201808001

• 地质勘探 • 下一篇

塔里木盆地北部下白垩统大型湖相砂坝特征及油气勘探意义

张荣虎, 邹伟宏, 陈戈, 赵继龙, 张惠良, 伍劲, 李娴静

中国石油天然气股份有限公司杭州地质研究院浙江杭州 310023

收稿日期:2018-01-15 修回日期:2018-06-07 出版日期:2018-08-25 发布日期:2018-09-04
通讯作者: 张荣虎,男,1976年9月生,2000年获大庆石油学院学士学位,2013年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油天然气股份有限公司杭州地质研究院高级工程师,主要从事中国中西部盆地沉积学、油气储层及成藏方面的研究。Email:zrh_hz@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:张荣虎,男,1976年9月生,2000年获大庆石油学院学士学位,2013年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油天然气股份有限公司杭州地质研究院高级工程师,主要从事中国中西部盆地沉积学、油气储层及成藏方面的研究。Email:zrh_hz@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05003-001、2017ZX05001-002）资助。

Characteristics and hydrocarbon exploration significance of the huge Lower Cretaceous lacustrine sand bar in the northern Tarim Basin

Zhang Ronghu, Zou Weihong, Chen Ge, Zhao Jilong, Zhang Huiliang, Wu Jin, Li Xianjing

PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310023, China

Received:2018-01-15 Revised:2018-06-07 Online:2018-08-25 Published:2018-09-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

塔里木盆地北部下白垩统舒善河组是岩性油气藏勘探的潜在领域之一。为了明确舒善河组的古地理背景、有利砂体展布和储层特征，揭示岩性油气藏的勘探潜力，依据露头、钻井、测井和地震资料开展了薄层砂岩刻画与地震属性的综合分析。结果表明：①库车坳陷在舒善河组沉积期为炎热干旱气候，水体为中等盐度、浅水、氧化型湖盆环境，沉积岩的颜色以灰褐色为主。②塔里木盆地北部发育温宿-西秋、新和-齐满、牙哈-提尔根3个古隆起，走向呈近NE-SW向，北翼陡峭，南翼平缓。沉积在古隆起背景之上的舒善河组，早期具有填平补齐、超覆的特征，发育扇三角洲-湖泊体系；中期为最大湖泛期，以湖泊沉积为主；晚期受古隆起高隆带和水下低隆带的控制，在英买力-东河塘地区一带发育湖相砂坝群沉积。③砂坝群呈NE-SW向展布，长140~150 km，宽50~60 km，面积达7 200 km²，砂体累计厚度为10~50 m，发育低角度交错层理、沙纹层理、浪成波痕、反粒序等沉积构造，自然伽马测井曲线以漏斗形和齿化箱形为主，地震反射剖面显示砂体呈透镜状、具有叠瓦式侧积的特征。④舒善河组的砂坝现今处于北倾斜坡带，南部有4 km宽的泥岩带封堵，在纵、横向上有断裂和不整合面沟通油气源灶，有利于形成砂岩上倾尖灭型圈闭带。塔里木盆地北部下白垩统舒善河组的有利圈闭面积为800 km²，砂岩厚度为10~25 m，具有亿吨级储量潜力，是岩性油气藏效益勘探的最有利区。

关键词: 湖相砂坝, 岩性油气藏, 下白垩统, 库车坳陷, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

Lower Cretaceous Shushanhe Formation in the northern Tarim Basin is a potential exploration field of lithologic reservoir. In order to clarify the paleo-geographic background, favorable sandstone distribution and reservoir characteristics of Shushanhe Formation as well as reveal the exploration potentials of lithologic oil and gas reservoirs, thin sandstones are described and seismic attributes are comprehensively analyzed on a basis of outcrop, drilling, logging and geophysical data. The Shushanhe Formation in Kuqa depression is dominantly developed in a hot arid climate and oxidized lake-basin environment with moderate salinity and shallow water, and the sedimentary rocks are mainly in grey brown. Three paleo-uplifts are developed with nearly NE-SW trending in the northern Tarim Basin, i.e., Wensu-Xiqiu, Xinhe-Qiman and Yaha-Tiergen, which were gentle in the south while steep in the north. The Shushanhe Formation, developed on the paleo-uplift tectonic setting, was characterized by filling and overlying in the early period with the development of fan delta and lake system, maximum lake flooding in the middle period with the development of lacustrine sediments, and developing lacustrine-facies sand bar groups upon high paleo-uplift and underwater low uplift from Yingmaili to Dongtanghe area in the late period. Sand bar groups were distributed in NE-SW trending with lengths of 140-150 km, widths of 50-60 km, an area of 7 200 km² and accumulated sand thicknesses of 10-50 m, where the low-angle cross-bedding, sand bedding, wave ripples, reverse sequence and other sedimentary structures were developed. The gamma logging curve was dominated by funnel shape and gear box shape, and seismic reflection showed the characteristics of lenticular sand bodies with imbricate lateral accretion. Sand bars in Shushanhe Formation are located on the north steep slope, and the south of Shushanhe Formation is blocked by a 4-km wide mudstone zone. The faults and unconformable surfaces are connecting to oil and gas source kitchens in the vertical and horizontal directions, favorable to the formation of up-dip pinch-out sandstone trap. The favorable trap area of the Lower Cretaceous Shushanhe Formation in the northern Tarim Basin is 800 km² with the sandstone thickness of 10-25 m and the hydrocarbon reserves of hundred million tons, which is the most favorable region for lithologic reservoir efficient exploration.

Key words: lacustrine sand bar, lithologic reservoir, Lower Cretaceous, Kuqa depression, Tarim Basin

中图分类号:

TE121.3

张荣虎, 邹伟宏, 陈戈, 赵继龙, 张惠良, 伍劲, 李娴静. 塔里木盆地北部下白垩统大型湖相砂坝特征及油气勘探意义[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(8): 845-857.

Zhang Ronghu, Zou Weihong, Chen Ge, Zhao Jilong, Zhang Huiliang, Wu Jin, Li Xianjing. Characteristics and hydrocarbon exploration significance of the huge Lower Cretaceous lacustrine sand bar in the northern Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(8): 845-857.

参考文献

[1] 朱筱敏,信荃麟,张晋仁.断陷湖盆砂坝储集层沉积特征及沉积模式[J].沉积学报,1994,12(2):20-28.
ZHU Xiaomin,XIN Quanlin,ZHANG Jinren.Sedimentary characteristics and models of the beach-bar reservoirs in faulted down lacustrine basins[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1994,12(2):20-28.
[2] 周丽清,邵德艳,房世瑜,等.板桥凹陷沙河街组滩坝砂体[J].石油与天然气地质,1998,9(4):351-355.
ZHOU Liqing,SHAO Deyan,FANG Shiyu,et al.Beach and bar sandbodies of Shahejie Formation in Banqiao depression[J].Oil & Gas Geology,1998,19(4):351-355.
[3] 安芷生,王萍,沈吉,等.青海湖湖底构造及沉积物分布的地球物理勘探研究[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学, 2006,36(4):332-341.
AN Zhisheng,WANG Ping,SHEN Ji,et al.Geophysical survey on the tectonic and sediment distribution of Qinghai Lake Basin[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,2006,49(8):851-861.
[4] 邹才能,赵文智,张兴阳,等.大型敞流坳陷湖盆浅水三角洲与湖盆中心砂体的形成与分布[J].地质学报,2008,82(6):813-825.
ZOU Caineng,ZHAO Wenzhi,ZHANG Xingyang,et al.Formation and distribution of shallow-water deltas and central-basin sandbodies in large open depression lake basins[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(6):813-825.
[5] 操应长,王健,刘惠民,等.东营凹陷南坡沙四上亚段滩坝砂体的沉积特征及模式[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(6):5-10.
CAO Yingchang,WANG Jian,LIU Huimin,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and models of beach-bar sandbodies in the upper part of the fourth Member of Paleogene in the south slope of Dongying depression[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2009,33(6):5-10.
[6] 邓宏文,高晓鹏,赵宁,等.济阳坳陷北部断陷湖盆陆源碎屑滩坝成因类型、分布规律与成藏特征[J].古地理学报,2010,12(6):737-747.
DENG Hongwen,GAO Xiaopeng,ZHAO Ning,et al.Genetic types,distribution patterns and hydrocarbon accumulation in terrigenous beach and bar in northern faulted-lacustrine-basin of Jiyang depression[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2010,12(6):737-747.
[7] 潘树新,王建功,刘彩燕,等.坳陷湖盆沿岸坝沉积特征、分布规律及成藏机制——以松辽盆地南部青山口组为例[J].吉林大学学报:自然科学版,2012,42(增刊2):70-78.
PAN Shuxin,WANG Jiangong,LIU Caiyan,et al.Sedimentary features,distribution pattern and accumulation mechanism of lakeshore bar:taking the Qingshankou Formation in the southern Songliao Basin as an example[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2012,42(S2):70-78.
[8] 王永诗,刘惠民,高永进,等.断陷湖盆滩坝砂体成因与成藏:以东营凹陷沙四上亚段为例[J].地学前缘,2012,19(1):100-107.
WANG Yongshi,LIU Huimin,GAO Yongjin,et al.Sandbody genesis and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of beach-bar reservoir in faulted-lacustrine-basins:a case study from the upper of the fourth Member of Shahejie Formation,Dongying sag[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(1):100-107.
[9] JIANG Zaixing,LIU Hui,ZHANG Shanwen,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of large-scale lacustrine beach-bars and their formation in the Eocene Boxing sag of Bohai Bay Basin,East China[J].Sedimentology,2011,58(5):1087-1112.
[10] 罗红梅,朱毅秀,穆星,等.渤海湾渤南洼陷深层湖相滩坝储集层沉积微相预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):182-190.
LUO Hongmei,ZHU Yixiu,MU Xing,et al.Seismic facies prediction of lacustrine beach and bar reservoirs in the deep zone of the Bonan subsag,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(2):182-190.
[11] 杨勇强,邱隆伟,姜在兴,等.陆相断陷湖盆滩坝沉积模式——以东营凹陷古近系沙四上亚段为例[J].石油学报,2011,32(3):417-423.
YANG Yongqiang,QIU Longwei,JIANG Zaixing,et al.A depositional pattern of beach bar in continental rift lake basins:a case study on the upper part of the fourth Member of the Shahejie Formation in the Dongying sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(3):417-423.
[12] 王延章,宋国奇,王新征,等.古地貌对不同类型滩坝沉积的控制作用——以东营凹陷东部南坡地区为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2011,18(4):13-16.
WANG Yanzhang,SONG Guoqi,WANG Xinzheng,et al.Controlling effect of paleogeomorphology on deposition of beach and bar sand reservoir:case study of south slope,east Dongying depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2011,18(4):13-16.
[13] 李安夏,王冠民,庞小军,等.间歇性波浪条件下湖相滩坝砂的结构特征——以东营凹陷南斜坡王73井区沙四段为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2010,17(3):12-14.
LI Anxia,WANG Guanmin,PANG Xiaojun,et al.Structural features of lacustrine shoal-bar sandstone under intermittent wave-a case of Sha 4 Member of Shahejie Formation of Well Wang 73,southern slope zone,Dongying depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2010,17(3):12-14.
[14] 王建民.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延7+8油层组滨浅湖滩坝体系沉积特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(5):672-678.
WANG Jianmin.Sedimentary characteristics of the shore-shallow lacustrine beach bar system of Yan 7+8 oil reservoirs in southern Ordos Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2013,34(5):672-678.
[15] 商晓飞,侯加根,程远忠,等.厚层湖泊滩坝砂体成因机制探讨及地质意义——以黄骅坳陷板桥凹陷沙河街组二段为例[J].地质学报,2014,88(9):1705-1718.
SHANG Xiaofei,HOU Jiagen,CHENG Yuanzhong,et al.Formation mechanism of the thick layer lacustrine beach-bar and its geological implications:an example of the 2nd Member of the Shahejie Formation in Banqiao sag[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(9):1705-1718.
[16] 姜在兴,王俊辉,张元福.滩坝沉积研究进展综述[J].古地理学报,2015,17(4):427-440.
JIANG Zaixing,WANG Junhui,ZHANG Yuanfu.Advances in beach-bar research:a review[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2015,17(4):427-440.
[17] 刘君龙,纪友亮,杨克明,等.浅水湖盆三角洲岸线控砂机理与油气勘探意义——以川西坳陷中段蓬莱镇组为例[J].石油学报,2015,36(9):1060-1073.
LIU Junlong,JI Youliang,YANG Keming,et al.Mechanism of lake shoreline control on shoal water deltaic sandbodies and its significance for petroleum exploration:a case study of Penglaizhen Formation in the middle part of western Sichuan depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(9):1060-1073.
[18] 韩元红,郝乐伟,王琪,等.青海湖近岸现代沉积滩坝主要类型及沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2016,18(5):759-768.
HAN Yuanhong,HAO Lewei,WANG Qi,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and types of beach bars deposited in modern times in nearshore of Qinghai Lake[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2016,18(5):759-768.
[19] 纪友亮,刘君龙,王天云,等.陆相湖盆三角洲-滩坝复合砂体分布模式及编图方法[J].古地理学报,2016,18(4):615-630.
JI Youliang,LIU Junlong,WANG Tianyun,et al.Distributing pattern and mapping method of delta and beach-bar composite sand-bodies in continental lacustrine basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2016,18(4):615-630.
[20] 高志勇,周川闽,冯佳睿,等.库车坳陷白垩系巴什基奇克组泥砾的成因机制与厚层状砂体展布[J].石油学报,2016,37(8):996-1010.
GAO Zhiyong,ZHOU Chuanmin,FENG Jiarui,et al.Mechanism and sedimentary environment of the muddy gravel concomitant with thick layer sandstone of Cretaceous in Kuqa depression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(8):996-1010.
[21] 张荣虎,贾承造,张惠良,等.塔里木盆地白垩系巴什基奇克组陆相砂岩中碳酸盐岩碎屑特征及其地质意义[J].沉积学报,2009,27(3):410-418.
ZHANG Ronghu,JIA Chengzao,ZHANG Huiliang,et al.Carbonate debris characteristics and its geological significance in the terrestrial sandstone of Cretaceous Bashijiqike group,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(3):410-418.
[22] 闫海军,何东博,许文壮,等.古地貌恢复及对流体分布的控制作用——以鄂尔多斯盆地高桥区气藏评价阶段为例[J].石油学报,2016,37(12):1483-1494.
YAN Haijun,HE Dongbo,XU Wenzhuang,et al.Paleotopography restoration method and its controlling effect on fluid distribution:a case study of the gas reservoir evaluation stage in Gaoqiao,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016,37(12):1483-1494.
[23] 王招明.塔里木盆地库车坳陷克拉苏盐下深层大气田形成机制与富集规律[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(2):153-166.
WANG Zhaoming.Formation mechanism and enrichment regularities of Kelasu subsalt deep large gas field in Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience, 2014,25(2):153-166.
[24] 孙冬胜,金之钧,吕修祥,等.库车前陆盆地古隆起及双超压体系对天然气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(6):821-827.
SUN Dongsheng,JIN Zhijun,LÜ Xiuxiang,et al.Controlling effects of palaeouplifts and dual overpressure systems on gas accumulation in the Kuqa foreland basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2007,28(6):821-827.
[25] 赵孟军,鲁雪松,卓勤功,等.库车前陆盆地油气成藏特征与分布规律[J].石油学报,2015,36(4):395-404.
ZHAO Mengjun,LU Xuesong,ZHUO Qingong,et al.Characteristics and distribution law of hydrocarbon accumulation in Kuqa foreland basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(4):395-404.
[26] 朱光有,张水昌,陈玲,等.天然气充注成藏与深部砂岩储集层的形成——以塔里木盆地库车坳陷为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(3):347-357.
ZHU Guangyou,ZHANG Shuichang,CHEN Ling,et al.Coupling relationship between natural gas charging and deep sandstone reservoir formation:a case from the Kuqa depression,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(3):347-357.
[27] 陈轩,杨振峰,王振奇,等.大型斜坡区冲积-河流体系沉积特征与岩性油气藏形成条件——以准噶尔盆地春光区块沙湾组为例[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1090-1101.
CHEN Xuan,YANG Zhenfeng,WANG Zhenqi,et al.Sedimentary characteristics of alluvial-fluvial systems and forming conditions of lithologic reservoirs in the large slope area:a case study of Neogene Shawan Formation in Chunguang block,Junggar Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1090-1101.
[28] 赵贤正,蒲秀刚,王家豪,等.断陷盆地缓坡区控砂控藏机制与勘探发现——以歧口凹陷歧北缓坡带为例[J].石油学报,2017, 38(7):729-739.
ZHAO Xianzheng,PU Xiugang,WANG Jiahao,et al.Sand and reservoir controlling mechanism and exploration discovery in the gentle slope of fault basin:a case study of Qibei slope in Qikou sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(7):729-739.

塔里木盆地北部下白垩统大型湖相砂坝特征及油气勘探意义

Characteristics and hydrocarbon exploration significance of the huge Lower Cretaceous lacustrine sand bar in the northern Tarim Basin

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	黄亚浩, 汪如军, 文志刚, 张银涛, 崔仕提, 李梦勤, 王彭, 何涛华. 塔里木盆地富满油田深层—超深层油气成藏过程[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(6): 947-960.
[2]	周立宏, 陈长伟, 杨飞, 李宏军, 刘国全, 崔宇, 吴雪松, 石倩茹, 徐雯婧, 董文韬. 陆相断陷盆地深凹区致密油气成藏模式与勘探实践——以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷为例[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(5): 755-770.
[3]	王清华, 徐振平, 张荣虎, 杨海军, 杨宪彰. 塔里木盆地油气勘探新领域、新类型及资源潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 15-32.
[4]	郭秋麟, 黄少英, 卢玉红, 王建, 吴晓智, 陈宁生. 塔里木盆地台盆区下古生界油气系统模拟及资源分布预测[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(9): 1459-1471.
[5]	陈利新, 贾承造, 姜振学, 苏洲, 杨美纯, 杨博, 邱晨. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区碳酸盐岩富油模式与主控因素[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(6): 948-961.
[6]	孔悦, 高晓鹏, 石开波, 刘波, 姜伟民, 于进鑫, 何卿, 吴淳. 塔北地区奥陶系鹰山组斑状白云岩成因及储层意义[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(4): 598-611.
[7]	申威, 唐军, 信毅, 曹磊, 陈文迪, 唐保勇, 何泽, 齐戈为. 塔里木盆地北部潜山岩溶相带定量表征与储层评价[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(3): 471-484.
[8]	淡伟宁, 陈树光, 李志军, 王建广, 谢佩宇, 田思思, 武函, 冯广业, 肖伟, 杨少欣, 万照飞. 河套盆地油气勘探新领域及有利方向[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(12): 2217-2230.
[9]	熊连桥, 谢晓军, 邓有根, 唐武, 张春宇, 白海强, 刘子玉, 廖计华. 坎波斯盆地南部下白垩统硅化碳酸盐岩储层成因及演化[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(10): 1612-1623,1649.
[10]	王清华, 张荣虎, 杨宪彰, 余朝丰, 徐振平, 周露, 王珂, 张亮. 库车坳陷东部迪北地区侏罗系阿合组致密砂岩气勘探重大突破及地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(8): 1049-1064.
[11]	王冰, 邱楠生, 王祥, 张海祖, 刘一锋, 常健, 朱传庆. 库车坳陷克拉苏-依奇克里克构造带构造挤压型超压识别与计算[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(8): 1107-1121.
[12]	王珂, 张荣虎, 唐永, 余朝丰, 杨钊, 唐雁刚, 周露. 库车坳陷北部构造带侏罗系阿合组构造成岩作用与储层预测[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(7): 925-940.
[13]	云露, 邓尚. 塔里木盆地深层走滑断裂差异变形与控储控藏特征——以顺北油气田为例[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(6): 770-787.
[14]	马安来, 林会喜, 云露, 邱楠生, 朱秀香, 吴鲜. 塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区奥陶系原油中乙基桥键金刚烷系列的检出及意义[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(6): 788-803.
[15]	李斌, 张欣, 郭强, 吕海涛, 杨素举, 徐勤琪, 彭军. 塔里木盆地寒武系超深层含油气系统盆地模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(6): 804-815.