基于正演与反演结合的孔隙度演化恢复方法 ——以川东北地区须家河组为例

doi:10.7623/syxb202106002

石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 708-723.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202106002

基于正演与反演结合的孔隙度演化恢复方法 ——以川东北地区须家河组为例

赵承锦¹, 蒋有录¹, 刘景东¹, 王良军², 曾韬²

1. 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院山东青岛 266580;
2. 中国石油化工股份有限公司勘探分公司四川成都 610041

收稿日期:2020-11-09 修回日期:2021-05-08 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-07-06
通讯作者: 蒋有录,男,1959年10月生,1982年获华东石油学院石油地质专业学士学位,1999年获石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气藏形成与分布规律方面的研究。Email:jiangyl@upc.edu.cn
作者简介:赵承锦,男,1991年8月生,2014年获山东科技大学学士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)博士研究生,主要从事致密储层及油气成藏机理方面的研究。Email:zhaochengjint_t@163.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05002-004）资助。

A recovery method of porosity evolution based on forward and inverse analyses: a case study of the tight sandstone of Xujiahe Formation, Northeast Sichuan Basin

Zhao Chengjin¹, Jiang Youlu¹, Liu Jingdong¹, Wang Liangjun², Zeng Tao²

1. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
2. Sinopec Exploration Company, Sichuan Chengdu 610041, China

Received:2020-11-09 Revised:2021-05-08 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-07-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 孔隙度定量恢复是储层定量研究的核心问题之一，传统的半定量—定量恢复方法未考虑化学成岩作用与岩石表观体积变化，且应用条件苛刻、恢复结果精度低。在岩石组构、成岩演化序列分析和准确恢复原始孔隙度的基础上，综合考虑了岩石表观体积变化对孔隙演化的影响，以川东北地区须家河组储层为例，建立了压实主导型和胶结主导型成岩-孔隙度演化模式。基于粒间体积不变原理推导了压实主导型和胶结主导型储层的孔隙度变化量计算公式，并利用埋藏史-热史模拟结果获取古埋深、古地温等参数，建立单一成岩作用定量模型。综合原始孔隙度、成岩作用时间和温度范围，将地质历史时期孔隙演化视为多个单一增孔或减孔作用的叠加，构建了基于正演与反演结合的孔隙度定量恢复新方法（FIM法）。相较于改进的Scherer模型、机械-化学压实模型和反演回剥法，FIM法恢复孔隙度结果可信且适用范围更广。受早成岩阶段强烈的机械压实作用影响，川东北地区须家河组（长石）岩屑砂岩储层于晚侏罗世早期致密化，天然气藏具有"边致密边成藏"的特征；强烈的碳酸盐胶结使含石英砂屑灰岩储层于中侏罗世致密化，天然气藏具有"先致密后成藏"的特征。

关键词: 孔隙度恢复, 粒间体积, 正演和反演, 孔隙度变化量, 方法验证, 致密砂岩, 须家河组

Abstract: Quantitative recovery of porosity is one of the core issues of quantitative reservoir research. The conventional semi-quantitative and quantitative recovery methods do not consider chemical diagenesis and changes in the apparent volume of rock, the application conditions are harsh, and the accuracy of recovery results is low. Based on the analysises of rock fabric and diagenetic evolution sequence as well as the accurate restoration of original porosity, while comprehensively considering the influence of changes in the apparent volume of rock on pore evolution, this paper establishes two evolution models of diagenesis and porosity for the compaction- and cementation-controlling sandstone reservoirs of Xujiahe Formation in the Northeast Sichuan Basin. Based on the principle of constant intergranular volume, this paper deduces the computational formula of porosity variation in compaction- and cemented-controlling reservoirs, obtains parameters such as ancient burial depth and paleogeotemperature using the simulation results of burial history and thermal history, and establishes a single quantitative model of diagenesis. According to the original porosity, diagenesis time and temperature range, the authors regard pore evolution in the geological history as the superposition of multiple porosity enhancements or reductions, and construct a new method for quantitative porosity recovery (FIM) based on forward and inverse analyses. Compared with the improved Scherer model, mechanical-chemical compaction model, and the inversion and back-stripping method, the FIM method has reliable porosity recovery results and wider application ranges. Affected by the strong mechanical compaction in the early diagenetic stage, the (feldspar) lithic sandstone reservoirs of Xujiahe Formation in the northeast Sichuan Basin were densified in the early Late Jurassic, and the gas reservoirs have the characteristics of "densifying while accumulating". Due to the strong carbonate cementation, the quartz-bearing calcarenite reservoirs were densified in the Middle Jurassic, and the gas reservoirs have the characteristics of "densification first and accumulation later".

Key words: porosity recovery, intergranular volume, forward and inverse, porosity variation, method validation, tight sandstone, Xujiahe Formation

中图分类号:

TE122.2

赵承锦, 蒋有录, 刘景东, 王良军, 曾韬. 基于正演与反演结合的孔隙度演化恢复方法 ——以川东北地区须家河组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(6): 708-723.

Zhao Chengjin, Jiang Youlu, Liu Jingdong, Wang Liangjun, Zeng Tao. A recovery method of porosity evolution based on forward and inverse analyses: a case study of the tight sandstone of Xujiahe Formation, Northeast Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(6): 708-723.

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基于正演与反演结合的孔隙度演化恢复方法 ——以川东北地区须家河组为例

A recovery method of porosity evolution based on forward and inverse analyses: a case study of the tight sandstone of Xujiahe Formation, Northeast Sichuan Basin

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