页岩储层泛连通特征及气体赋存方式

doi:10.7623/syxb202109006

石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 1192-1201.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202109006

页岩储层泛连通特征及气体赋存方式

刘德华^1,2,3, 程亮^1,2,3, 孙敬^1,2,3, 孙健⁴, 张柏桥^3,4, 李继庆^3,4, 杨文新³, 郑爱维³

1. 长江大学石油工程学院湖北武汉 430100;
2. 湖北省油气钻采工程重点实验室湖北武汉 430100;
3. 湖北省页岩气工程研究中心湖北武汉 430100;
4. 中国石油化工股份有限公司江汉油田分公司勘探开发研究院湖北潜江 433124

收稿日期:2020-08-11 修回日期:2021-06-09 出版日期:2021-09-25 发布日期:2021-10-12
通讯作者: 程亮,男,1982年9月生,2006年获长江大学学士学位,2016年获长江大学博士学位,现为长江大学石油工程学院讲师,主要从事非常规油气评价及开发研究。Email:187371632@qq.com
作者简介:刘德华,男,1962年8月生,1982年获西南石油学院学士学位,1992年获西南石油学院博士学位,现为长江大学石油工程学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事常规和非常规油气开发理论与应用研究。Email:dh.liu@tom.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05060-009，2016ZX05060-019）和中国石油科技创新基金项目（2020D-5007-0209）资助。

Pan-connected characteristics and occurrence modes of gas in shale reservoirs

Liu Dehua^1,2,3, Cheng Liang^1,2,3, Sun Jing^1,2,3, Sun Jian⁴, Zhang Baiqiao^3,4, Li Jiqing^3,4, Yang Wenxin³, Zheng Aiwei³

1. School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Hubei Wuhan 430100, China;
2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering, Hubei Wuhan 430100, China;
3. Hubei Engineering Research Center for Shale Gas Development, Hubei Wuhan 430100, China;
4. Exploration and Development Research Institute, Sinopec Jianghan Oilfield Company, Hubei Qianjiang 433124, China

Received:2020-08-11 Revised:2021-06-09 Online:2021-09-25 Published:2021-10-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目前对页岩储层微观孔隙的连通特征、气固作用关系认识尚有不足，对纳米级空间（尺度为0.5~4.0 nm）在气体储集、流动中的作用没有开展系统研究。通过透射电子显微镜观察到页岩储层固体矿物颗粒内部存在大量纳米级空间，并通过实验证实镜下观察到的纳米级空间对甲烷气体具有可通过性、可存储性；基于观察和实验结果提出了页岩储层泛连通的概念；提出页岩气新的储集形态——固溶气，将页岩气的储集方式分为自由气、吸附气、固溶气、溶解气4种；依据新的认识给出实际页岩气储量计算新公式，实际计算得到页岩气储集量增加7%~32%。该认识和结论同样可应用于高温高压致密气藏，可以形成基于泛连通和固溶气概念的页岩储层微观评价和渗流机理的理论体系。

关键词: 页岩气, 固溶气, 泛连通, 微纳空间, 黏土矿物

Abstract: At present, there is still insufficient understanding of the intercommunication characteristics and the gas-solid interaction of microcosmic pores in shale reservoirs, and no researches have been carried out on the role of micro-nano-scale space (with the size scale of 0.5-4 nm)in gas storage and flow. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), plenty of micro-nano-level space is observed in the solid mineral particles of shale reservoirs, and experiments have confirmed that the micro-nano-level space observed under TEM can transfer and store methane gas. Based on observations and experiment results, this paper initially proposes the idea of the pan-connectivity of shale reservoirs, puts forward a new reservoiring mode in shale, i.e., gas-solid solution gas, and divides the reservoir modes of shale gas into four types:free gas, adsorbed gas, solid solution gas, and dissolved gas. Based on the new understanding, a new formula is proposed for calculating actual shale gas reserves, and are increased by 7% to 32% according to the example calculation results. The understanding and conclusions obtained can also be applied to high-temperature and high-pressure tight gas reservoirs, and can form a theoretical system of the microscopic evaluation and seepage mechanism of shale reservoirs based on the concepts of pan-connectivity and solid solution gas.

Key words: shale gas, solid solution gas, pan-connectivity, micro-nano space, clay minerals

中图分类号:

TE311

刘德华, 程亮, 孙敬, 孙健, 张柏桥, 李继庆, 杨文新, 郑爱维. 页岩储层泛连通特征及气体赋存方式[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(9): 1192-1201.

Liu Dehua, Cheng Liang, Sun Jing, Sun Jian, Zhang Baiqiao, Li Jiqing, Yang Wenxin, Zheng Aiwei. Pan-connected characteristics and occurrence modes of gas in shale reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(9): 1192-1201.

参考文献

[1] 邹才能, 朱如凯, 吴松涛, 等. 常规与非常规油气聚集类型、特征、机理及展望-以中国致密油和致密气为例[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(2):173-187.
ZOU Caineng, ZHU Rukai, WU Songtao, et al.Types, characteristics, genesis and prospects of conventional and unconventional hydrocarbon accumulations:taking tight oil and tight gas in China as an instance[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(2):173-187.
[2] 梁涛, 常毓文, 许璐, 等.北美非常规油气蓬勃发展十大动因及对区域油气供需的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2014, 35(5):890-900.
LIANG Tao, CHANG Yuwen, XU Lu, et al.Top ten causes of unconventional oil and gas resources boom in North America and its influence on regional supply and demand[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2014, 35(5):890-900.
[3] ZOU Caineng, DONG Dazhong, WANG Shejiao, et al.Geological characteristics and resource potential of shale gas in China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2010, 37(6):641-653.
[4] SINGH P, SLATT R, BORGES G, et al.Reservoir characterization of unconventional gas shale reservoirs:example from the Barnett Shale, Texas, U.S.A.[J]. The Shale Shaker, 2009, 60(1):15-31.
[5] CHALMERS G R, BUSTIN R M, POWERS I.A pore by any other name would be as small:the importance of meso- and microporosity in shale gas capacity[R].AAPG 90090, 2009.
[6] PASSEY Q R, BOHACS K M, ESCH W L, et al.From oil-prone source rock to gas-producing shale reservoir-geologic and petrophysical characterization of unconventional shale-gas reservoirs[R].SPE 131350, 2010.
[7] SONDERGELD C H, AMHROSE R J, RAI C S, et al.Micro-structural studies of gas shales[R].SPE 131771, 2010.
[8] SLATT R M, O'BRIEN N R.Pore types in the Barnett and Woodford gas shales:contribution to understanding gas storage and migration pathways in fine-grained rocks[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2011, 95(12):2017-2030.
[9] 陈一鸣, 魏秀丽, 徐欢.北美页岩气储层孔隙类型研究的启示[J]. 复杂油气藏, 2012, 5(4):19-22.
CHEN Yiming, WEI Xiuli, XU Huan.Suggestions from the research of pore types of shale gas reservoir in North America[J]. Complex Hydrocarbon Reservoirs, 2012, 5(4):19-22.
[10] 于炳松.页岩气储层孔隙分类与表征[J]. 地学前缘, 2013, 20(4):211-220.
YU Bingsong.Classification and characterization of gas shale pore system[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2013, 20(4):211-220.
[11] LOUCKS R G, REED R M, RUPPEL S C, et al.Morphology, genesis, and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett Shale[J]. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 2009, 79(12):848-861.
[12] AMBROSE R J, HARTMAN R C, DIAZ-CAMPOS M, et al.New pore-scale considerations for shale gas in place calculations[R].SPE 131772, 2010.
[13] LOUCKS R G, RUPPEL S C.Mississippian Barnett Shale:lithofacies and depositional setting of a deep-water shale-gas succession in the Fort Worth Basin, Texas[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2007, 91(4):579-601.
[14] GALE J F W, REED R M, HOLDER J.Natural fractures in the Barnett shale and their importance for hydraulic fracture treatments[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2007, 91(4):603-622.
[15] CLARKSON C R, SOLANO N, BUSTIN R M, et al.Pore structure characterization of North American shale gas reservoirs using USANS/SANS, gas adsorption, and mercury intrusion[J]. Fuel, 2013, 103:606-616.
[16] 姜振学, 唐相路, 李卓, 等.川东南地区龙马溪组页岩孔隙结构全孔径表征及其对含气性的控制[J]. 地学前缘, 2016, 23(2):126-134.
JIANG Zhenxue, TANG Xianglu, LI Zhuo, et al.The whole-aperture pore structure characteristics and its effect on gas content of the Longmaxi Formation shale in the southeastern Sichuan basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2016, 23(2):126-134.
[17] 郭旭升, 李宇平, 刘若冰, 等.四川盆地焦石坝地区龙马溪组页岩微观孔隙结构特征及其控制因素[J]. 天然气工业, 2014, 34(6):9-16.
GUO Xusheng, LI Yuping, LIU Ruobing, et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of micro-pore structures of Longmaxi shale play in the Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2014, 34(6):9-16.
[18] 蒋裕强, 刘雄伟, 付永红, 等.渝西地区海相页岩储层孔隙有效性评价[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(10):1233-1243.
JIANG Yuqiang, LIU Xiongwei, FU Yonghong, et al.Evaluation of effective porosity in marine shale reservoir, western Chongqing[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(10):1233-1243.
[19] 陈曼霏, 何生, 易积正, 等.涪陵页岩气田平桥区块页岩气储层有机质孔发育特征[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(4):423-433.
CHEN Manfei, HE Sheng, YI Jizheng, et al.Development characteristics of organic pore in shale gas reservoir of Wufeng Formation-Member 1 of Longmaxi Formation in Pingqiao block, Fuling shale gas field[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(4):423-433.
[20] 王淑芳, 董大忠, 王玉满, 等.中美海相页岩气地质特征对比研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(9):1666-1678.
WANG Shufang, DONG Dazhong, WANG Yuman, et al.A comparative study of the geological feature of marine shale gas between China and the United States[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2015, 26(9):1666-1678.
[21] 郭彤楼, 何希鹏, 曾萍, 等.复杂构造区页岩气藏地质特征与效益开发建议——以四川盆地及其周缘五峰组-龙马溪组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(12):1490-1500.
GUO Tonglou, HE Xipeng, ZENG Ping, et al.Geological characteristics and beneficial development scheme of shale gas reservoirs in complex tectonic regions:a case study of Wufeng-Longmaxi Formations in Sichuan Basin and its periphery[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(12):1490-1500.
[22] 王超, 张柏桥, 陆永潮, 等.焦石坝地区五峰组-龙马溪组一段页岩岩相展布特征及发育主控因素[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(6):631-644.
WANG Chao, ZHANG Baiqiao, LU Yongchao, et al.Lithofacies distribution characteristics and main development controlling factors of shale in Wufeng Formation-Member 1 of Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(6):631-644.
[23] 张士万, 孟志勇, 郭战峰, 等.涪陵地区龙马溪组页岩储层特征及其发育主控因素[J]. 天然气工业, 2014, 34(12):16-24.
ZHANG Shiwan, MENG Zhiyong, GUO Zhanfeng, et al.Characteristics and major controlling factors of shale reservoirs in the Longmaxi Fm, Fuling area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2014, 34(12):16-24.
[24] 张晓明, 石万忠, 徐清海, 等.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩气储层特征及控制因素[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(8):926-939.
ZHANG Xiaoming, SHI Wanzhong, XU Qinghai, et al.Reservoir characteristics and controlling factors of shale gas in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(8):926-939.
[25] 曾维特, 张金川, 丁文龙, 等.延长组页岩储层纳米级孔隙特征及影响因素——以鄂尔多斯盆地柳坪171井为例[J]. 煤炭学报, 2014, 39(6):1118-1126.
ZENG Weite, ZHANG Jinchuan, DING Wenlong, et al.Characteristics and influence factors of nanopores in Yanchang Shale reservoir:a case study of Liuping-171 Well in Erdos Basin[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2014, 39(6):1118-1126.
[26] 李成成, 周世新, 李靖, 等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组泥页岩孔隙特征及其控制因素[J]. 沉积学报, 2017, 35(2):315-329.
LI Chengcheng, ZHOU Shixin, LI Jing, et al.Pore characteristics and controlling factors of the Yanchang Formation mudstone and shale in the South of Ordos Basin[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2017, 35(2):315-329.
[27] 高翔.黏土矿物学[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社, 2017:249-256.
GAO Xiang.Clay mineralogy[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press, 2017:249-256.
[28] 王家骅.粘土矿物的结构及其层间膨胀[J]. 安庆师院学报:自然科学版, 1995, 1(4):14-16.
WANG Jiahua.Structure and interlayer expansion of clay minerals[J]. Journal of Anqing Normal University:Natural Science Edition, 1995, 1(4):14-16.
[29] 聂百胜, 何学秋, 王恩元.瓦斯气体在煤孔隙中的扩散模式[J]. 矿业安全与环保, 2000, 27(5):14-16.
NIE Baisheng, HE Xueqiu, WANG Enyuan.Diffusion mode of methane gas in coal pores[J]. Mining Safety and Environmental Protection, 2000, 27(5):14-16.
[30] 何学秋, 聂百胜.孔隙气体在煤层中扩散的机理[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2001, 30(1):1-4.
HE Xueqiu, NIE Baisheng.Diffusion mechanism of porous gases in coal seams[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2001, 30(1):1-4.
[31] 吉利明, 邱军利, 宋之光, 等.黏土岩孔隙内表面积对甲烷吸附能力的影响[J]. 地球化学, 2014, 43(3):238-244.
JI Liming, QIU Junli, SONG Zhiguang, et al.Impact of internal surface area of pores in clay rocks on their adsorption capacity of methane[J]. Geochimica, 2014, 43(3):238-244.
[32] 吉利明, 邱军利, 夏燕青, 等.常见黏土矿物电镜扫描微孔隙特征与甲烷吸附性[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(2):249-256.
JI Liming, QIU Junli, XIA Yanqing, et al.Micro-pore characteristics and methane adsorption properties of common clay minerals by electron microscope scanning[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(2):249-256.
[33] 王茂桢, 柳少波, 任拥军, 等.页岩气储层粘土矿物孔隙特征及其甲烷吸附作用[J]. 地质论评, 2015, 61(1):207-216.
WANG Maozhen, LIU Shaobo, REN Yongjun, et al.Pore characteristics and methane adsorption of clay minerals in shale gas reservoir[J]. Geological Review, 2015, 61(1):207-216.
[34] 茹鑫.油页岩热解过程分子模拟及实验研究[D].长春:吉林大学, 2013:14-16.
RU Xin.Study on the experiment and molecular simulation of oil shale pyrolysis[D].Changchun:Jilin University, 2013:14-16.

页岩储层泛连通特征及气体赋存方式

Pan-connected characteristics and occurrence modes of gas in shale reservoirs

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	梁兴, 单长安, 张磊, 罗瑀峰, 蒋立伟, 张介辉, 朱斗星, 舒红林, 李健. 四川盆地渝西地区大安深层页岩气田的勘探发现及成藏条件[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(3): 477-499.
[2]	李乐, 胡远清, 彭小桂, 王伟, 余浩宇, 崔亚圣. 页岩气藏中硫化氢成因研究进展[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(2): 461-476.
[3]	宋永, 唐勇, 何文军, 龚德瑜, 晏奇, 陈棡, 单祥, 刘超威, 刘刚, 秦志军, 阿布力米提·依明, 尤新才, 任海姣, 白雨, 高岗. 准噶尔盆地油气勘探新领域、新类型及勘探潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 52-68.
[4]	谭茂金, 武宏亮, 王思宇, 杜广慧, 白洋, 王谦. 中国海相页岩气测井评价技术进展与发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 241-260.
[5]	王立歆, 李弘, 刘小民, 胡华锋. 中国海相页岩气地震勘探技术及其发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 261-275.
[6]	赵金洲, 雍锐, 胡东风, 佘朝毅, 付永强, 吴建发, 蒋廷学, 任岚, 周博, 林然. 中国深层—超深层页岩气压裂:问题、挑战与发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 295-311.
[7]	武瑾, 李海, 杨学锋, 赵圣贤, 郭伟, 孙玉平, 刘永, 刘兆龙. 深层海相页岩纹层类型、组合及其对储层品质的影响——以四川盆地南部泸州区块龙马溪组一段一亚段为例[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(9): 1517-1531.
[8]	熊亮, 赵勇, 魏力民, 庞河清, 慈建发. 威荣海相页岩气田页岩气富集机理及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(8): 1365-1381.
[9]	胡德高, 周林, 包汉勇, 刘皓天, 刘超, 孟志勇, 赵帅, 王建. 川东红星地区HY1井二叠系页岩气勘探突破及意义[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(2): 241-252.
[10]	王建, 郭秋麟, 赵晨蕾, 王玉满, 于京都, 柳庄小雪, 陈宁生. 中国主要盆地页岩油气资源潜力及发展前景[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(12): 2033-2044.
[11]	姜鹏飞, 吴建发, 朱逸青, 张德宽, 吴伟, 张芮, 吴喆, 王青, 杨雨然, 杨雪, 伍秋姿, 陈丽清, 何一凡, 张娟. 四川盆地海相页岩气富集条件及勘探开发有利区[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(1): 91-109.
[12]	张智, 王嘉伟, 吴优, 霍宏博, 谢涛, 李金蔓. 页岩气水平井固井水泥环状态对套管力学完整性的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(8): 1158-1172.
[13]	端祥刚, 吴建发, 张晓伟, 胡志明, 常进, 周尚文, 陈学科, 祁灵. 四川盆地海相页岩气提高采收率研究进展与关键问题[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(8): 1185-1200.
[14]	熊健, 林海宇, 李原杰, 闫森, 刘向君, 何海铭, 郑爽, 胡谍. 富有机质页岩中不同矿物的解吸规律[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(7): 989-997.
[15]	郭旭升, 腾格尔, 魏祥峰, 俞凌杰, 陆现彩, 孙磊, 魏富彬. 四川盆地深层海相页岩气赋存机理与勘探潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(4): 453-468.