四川盆地川中地区深层碳酸盐岩走滑断层控藏作用

doi:10.7623/syxb202408002

石油学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 1174-1186.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202408002

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇

四川盆地川中地区深层碳酸盐岩走滑断层控藏作用

江同文^1,2, 田威振¹, 唐青松³, 徐伟³, 邬光辉^1,4

1. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院四川成都 610500;
2. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司北京 100007;
3. 中国石油西南油气田公司四川成都 610051;
4. 西南石油大学羌塘盆地研究院四川成都 610500

收稿日期:2023-07-07 修回日期:2024-04-10 发布日期:2024-09-04
通讯作者: 江同文，男，1968年4月生，1996年获西南石油学院博士学位，现为中国石油天然气股份有限公司总地质师、教授级高级工程师、西南石油大学博士生导师，主要从事油气藏地质研究及油气田开发科研与生产管理。Email:jiangtw-tlm@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:江同文，男，1968年4月生，1996年获西南石油学院博士学位，现为中国石油天然气股份有限公司总地质师、教授级高级工程师、西南石油大学博士生导师，主要从事油气藏地质研究及油气田开发科研与生产管理。Email:jiangtw-tlm@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司油藏评价项目(2022-8752)和中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体科技合作项目(2020CX010101)资助。

The strike-slip fault effect on deep carbonate gas accumulation in the central Sichuan Basin

Jiang Tongwen^1,2, Tian Weizhen¹, Tang Qingsong³, Xu Wei³, Wu Guanghui^1,4

1. School of Geosciences and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China;
2. PetroChina Company Limited, Beijing 100007, China;
3. PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gas Field Company, Sichuan Chengdu 610051, China;
4. Qiangtang Basin Research Institute, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China

Received:2023-07-07 Revised:2024-04-10 Published:2024-09-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 四川盆地川中地区走滑断层控藏作用研究对深层(>4 500 m)致密碳酸盐岩气藏高效勘探开发具有重要意义。通过气藏解剖结合地震与地球化学资料分析,开展了走滑断层与成藏时空配置关系及其控运、控圈、控富作用研究。研究结果表明,川中地区广泛发育弥散性分布的前中生界走滑断层系统,对加里东期成藏具有破坏性作用,印支期—燕山期则成藏配置优越,形成了前中生界多层系复式走滑断控成藏系统。走滑断层构成了遍及全区的前中生界垂向-侧向组合的输导体系,形成了上震旦统—下寒武统近源侧向、中二叠统远源垂向的不同运聚成藏模式,并造成了分层、分区的成藏差异性。在致密碳酸盐岩中,高能相带叠加走滑断层作用形成相-断共控的构造-岩性圈闭,并控制了圈闭的有效性,组成沿走滑断层带分布的"小藏大气田"气藏模式。走滑断层控制了高孔高渗裂缝-孔洞型"甜点"储层与高产井的分布,具有增储与控富作用,并形成多种差异富集模式。研究结果揭示四川盆地存在深层前中生界碳酸盐岩走滑断控富气系统,受控于"源-断-储"三元耦合控藏,走滑断层具有控运、控圈与控富作用的差异性,走滑断控"甜点"气藏是深层碳酸盐岩高效勘探开发的有利新领域。

关键词: 四川盆地, 走滑断层, 碳酸盐岩, 气藏, 运移, 富集, 勘探开发

Abstract: A study is performed on the reservoir-controlling of strike-slip faults in deep marine carbonate rocks (>4 500 m) in Sichuan Basin, which is of important significance for the efficient exploration and development of gas reservoirs in tight carbonate rocks. Through the analyses of gas reservoirs as well as static and seismic data, investigations are carried out on the temporal and spatial relationship between strike-slip fault and hydrocarbon accumulation, as well as the controlling effects of strike-slip fault on the gas migration, trap and enrichment. The results show that the pre-Mesozoic strike-slip fault system is dispersively distributed and widely developed in the central Sichuan Basin, which had destructive effect on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Caledonian period. However, the petroleum accumulation conditions were superior in the Indonian-Yanshanian period, thus forming the pre-Mesozoic multi-layer superimposed hydrocarbon accumulation system controlled by strike-slip faults. The strike-slip faults constitute the pre-Mesozoic vertical-lateral oil/gas transport system throughout the central Sichuan Basin. The strike-slip fault system has formed two kinds of migration modes, including the near-source lateral fault-controlled petroleum migration in the Upper Sinian-Lower Cambrian carbonate reservoirs, and the far-source vertical petroleum migration of the Middle Permian carbonate reservoirs. This has led to subsequent differentiation in stratified and zonal oil/gas accumulation. In the tight carbonate rocks, the effective structural-lithologic traps are developed under the joint action of high energy microfacies and strike-slip faults, and the both also play a role of controlling the effectiveness of traps, thus forming the gas reservoiring mode of "small gas reservoir but large field" along the strike-slip fault zones. The strike-slip faults control the distribution of the high porosity and high permeability "sweet spots" fracture-vug reservoirs and high-yield wells, which can increase the reserves, and control the hydrocarbon enrichment. The results reveal that there is a pre-Mesozoic deep carbonate strike-slip fault-controlled gas-rich system in the central Sichuan Basin, with the ternary coupling factors of "source-fault-reservoir" that control the gas accumulation; there are differences in controlling gas migration, trapping and enrichment by strike-slip faults; the strike-slip fault-controlled "sweet spot" gas reservoir is a new favorable field for exploration and development of deep carbonate rocks.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, strike-slip fault, carbonate, gas reservoir, migration, enrichment, exploration and development

中图分类号:

TE122

江同文, 田威振, 唐青松, 徐伟, 邬光辉. 四川盆地川中地区深层碳酸盐岩走滑断层控藏作用[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(8): 1174-1186.

Jiang Tongwen, Tian Weizhen, Tang Qingsong, Xu Wei, Wu Guanghui. The strike-slip fault effect on deep carbonate gas accumulation in the central Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(8): 1174-1186.

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四川盆地川中地区深层碳酸盐岩走滑断层控藏作用

The strike-slip fault effect on deep carbonate gas accumulation in the central Sichuan Basin

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