关键词: 源岩油气地质学, 陆相页岩层系石油, 煤系煤层气, 煤岩气, 海陆过渡相页岩气, 海相页岩油气, 储集甜点体, 人工油气藏

Abstract: Source rock oil and gas represent a strategic succession field for ensuring global oil and gas supply and national energy security. This paper systematically reviews the geological resource conditions, hydrocarbon exploration and development progress, and key theoretical insights regarding multi-series and multi-type source rock oil and gas in Ordos Basin, while providing targeted analyses of the challenges and technical countermeasures. The research results show as follows. (1) The Carboniferous-Permian coal-rock gas in Ordos Basin exhibits geological characteristics of dual primary coal seams (the No. 8 coal of Benxi Formation and the No.5 coal of Shanxi Formation), abundant free gas in dual pore-fracture storage systems (organic pores and cleats), and a dual source-cap assemblage (coal-limestone type and coal-mudstone type) with the top-seal gas zones enriched in the eastern part of the basin. Theoretical research on coal-measure sedimentary evolution, dynamic hydrocarbon-gas transformation, and multiphase seepage mechanisms should be strengthened. (2) In the Member 7 of Triassic Yanchang Formation, continental shale oil is characterized by large-scale continuous distribution, oil-bearing micro-nano meter pore-fracture networks, and integrated source-reservoir systems. Research efforts should be strengthened in key areas such as box-type dynamic accumulation, "sweet spot body" prediction in heterogeneous reservoirs, and enhanced oil recovery. (3) The Carboniferous-Permian marine-continental transitional shale gas exhibits significant resource potential. The shale formation in the Jinci Member of the upper part of Benxi Formation can serve as a priority breakthrough section, and that in the middle-lower part of Shanxi Formation represent an important section for three-dimensional natural gas exploration. In addition, the Ordovician Wulalike Formation marine shale oil and gas and the Jurassic coal-rock oil and gas also demonstrate large-scale resource potential, and research priorities should focus on preliminary studies such as "sweet spot" zone/interval evaluation and economic assessment of hydrocarbon content. (4) Using in-situ conversion and underground gasification technologies, the low-maturity organic-rich shale of the Member 7 of Yanchang Formation and the Jurassic low-rank coal in the basin can be upgraded into strategic oil and gas resources. Increased efforts should focus on pivotal technical trials in efficient thermal control, catalytic cracking enhancement, and economic balancing. Source rock oil and gas are becoming a new engine driving the secondary growth of oil and gas production in Ordos Basin, and their coordinated development with underground and aboveground resources and energy will inevitably spearhead the construction of source rock petroleum geology and carbon-neutral energy super basin.

Key words: source rock oil and gas, continental shale oil, coal-measure coalbed methane, coal-rock gas, marine-continental transitional shale gas, marine shale oil and gas, sweet reservoir body, man-made hydrocarbon reservoir