关键词: 地震勘探, 反射波, 垂直检波器, 三分量检波器, 地震资料处理

Abstract: The conventional seismic exploration by adopting source of compression wave and receiver of single component geophone is unsuitable for high-velocity rock outcropped areas such as mountain land,mountain front and tundra areas.The effects of near-surface low-velocity layer and near-surface high-velocity layer on the propagation of reflection wave were analyzed.The results show that seismic data recorded by vertical geophone may approximate to the data of reflected compression wave when the near-surface velocity of rock in outcropped areas is low,which makes the conventional seismic exploration succeed in these areas.In land areas with high-velocity rock outcrops,the seismic data recorded by vertical geophone deviate from the data of reflected compression wave with the increment of dip angle of strata and incident angle of reflection wave,which results in the difficulties of conventional seismic exploration in the near-surface high-velocity rock outcropped areas.The three-component geophone can be taken as a receiver to record the vector field of seismic wave instead of the vertical geophone.The processing technologies of the three-component seismic data in the near-surface high-velocity layer are presented.

Key words: seismic exploration, reflection wave, vertical geophone, three-component geophone, seismic data processing