全球深层油气勘探领域及理论技术进展

doi:10.7623/syxb201509015

石油学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 1156-1166.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201509015

全球深层油气勘探领域及理论技术进展

张光亚, 马锋, 梁英波, 赵喆, 秦雁群, 刘小兵, 张可宝, 客伟利

中国石油勘探开发研究院, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2015-03-22 修回日期:2015-07-21 出版日期:2015-09-25 发布日期:2015-09-30
通讯作者: 张光亚,男,1962年8月生,1983年获武汉地质学院石油地质与勘探专业学士学位,1994年获中国地质大学(北京)煤田、油气地质与勘探专业博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院非洲研究所所长、教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气地质与勘探等研究工作。Email:zgy@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:张光亚,男,1962年8月生,1983年获武汉地质学院石油地质与勘探专业学士学位,1994年获中国地质大学(北京)煤田、油气地质与勘探专业博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院非洲研究所所长、教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气地质与勘探等研究工作。Email:zgy@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05028)和中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项"全球油气资源评价与利用研究"(2013E-050102)资助。

Domain and theory-technology progress of global deep oil & gas exploration

Zhang Guangya, Ma Feng, Liang Yingbo, Zhao Zhe, Qin Yanqun, Liu Xiaobing, Zhang Kebao, Ke Weili

PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2015-03-22 Revised:2015-07-21 Online:2015-09-25 Published:2015-09-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过对全球861个深层油气田储量、产量分布及近10年来的勘探发现和开发实践进行分析,揭示了全球深层油气藏的分布领域及形成的基本地质特征,预测了深层油气勘探潜力、理论与技术发展趋势。研究表明:目前深层大油气田发现个数、总储量和产量占全球比例总体上还较低,但近10年来的勘探发现展示了深层油气良好的发展前景。深层油气田主要发育在被动陆缘、前陆冲断带、克拉通区中下组合和裂谷盆地深层等领域。深层油气勘探及地质理论研究揭示深层油气的独特石油地质特征,其油气生烃特征突破了传统的油气消亡线,扩大了"油气窗"赋存范围;深部由于超压、深水重力流砂体沉积、碳酸盐岩生物礁发育、次生白云石化、裂缝发育和岩溶等多种作用而发育优质储层,突破了传统储层的"死亡线";盐岩发育及变形控制深层油气聚集及盐相关圈闭发育。未来,深部储层预测、超压预测、深层钻井、完井改造和测井技术发展将推动深层油气的勘探开发。

关键词: 深层, 油气藏, 勘探领域, 石油地质, 勘探技术

Abstract:

Through analyzing the reserves, production distribution, exploration discoveries and development practices of 861 deep oil and gas fields worldwide in the past decade, this study reveals the distribution and basic geologic characteristics of global deep hydrocarbon reservoirs, and predicts the deep hydrocarbon exploration potential as well as theoretical and technological development trend. Research results show that the number, total reserves and production of the discovered large deep oil and gas fields account for a low proportion of the global total, while exploration discoveries in the past decade reveal a favorable development prospect in deep reservoirs. Deep oil and gas fields are dominantly developed in passive continental margins, foreland thrust belts, middle-lower assemblages of cratons and deep reservoir of rift basins, etc. Special petro-geologic characteristics of deep hydrocarbon are revealed by studies of deep hydrocarbon exploration and geology theories, i.e., hydrocarbon generation breaks through the conventional hydrocarbon extinction line to expand the occurrence of "hydrocarbon windows". Under the action of overpressure, sand sedimentation by deep-water gravity flow, carbonate reef development, secondary dolomitization, fissure development and karst, etc., favorable reservoir beds are developed in deep layers, which go beyond the conventional "extinction line" of reservoir beds. Deep hydrocarbon accumulation and salt-related trap development are controlled by salt rock development and deformation. The future development of technologies, such as deep reservoir prediction, overpressure prediction, deep drilling, well completion and stimulation, and well logging, will promote deep hydrocarbon exploration and development.

Key words: deep layer, hydrocarbon reservoir, exploration domain, petro-geology, exploration technique

中图分类号:

TE122.1

张光亚, 马锋, 梁英波, 赵喆, 秦雁群, 刘小兵, 张可宝, 客伟利. 全球深层油气勘探领域及理论技术进展[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(9): 1156-1166.

Zhang Guangya, Ma Feng, Liang Yingbo, Zhao Zhe, Qin Yanqun, Liu Xiaobing, Zhang Kebao, Ke Weili. Domain and theory-technology progress of global deep oil & gas exploration[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(9): 1156-1166.

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全球深层油气勘探领域及理论技术进展

Domain and theory-technology progress of global deep oil & gas exploration

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