酒泉盆地酒西坳陷油气成藏控制因素与有利勘探方向

doi:10.7623/syxb201911003

石油学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 1311-1330.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201911003

酒泉盆地酒西坳陷油气成藏控制因素与有利勘探方向

陈建平^1,2,3, 陈建军⁴, 倪云燕^1,2,3, 范铭涛⁴, 廖凤蓉^1,2,3, 魏军⁴, 田多文⁴, 韩永科¹

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 提高石油采收率国家重点实验室北京 100083;
3. 中国石油天然气集团公司油气地球化学重点实验室北京 100083;
4. 中国石油玉门油田公司甘肃酒泉 735000

收稿日期:2019-02-17 修回日期:2019-06-28 出版日期:2019-11-25 发布日期:2019-12-07
通讯作者: 陈建平,男,1962年10月生,1983年获山东矿业学院学士学位,2003年获中国矿业大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气地球化学研究工作。Email:chenjp@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:陈建平,男,1962年10月生,1983年获山东矿业学院学士学位,2003年获中国矿业大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师,主要从事油气地球化学研究工作。Email:chenjp@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大专项（2013E-3301）资助。

Controlling factors of petroleum accumulation and favorable exploration area in the Jiuxi depression, Jiuquan Basin

Chen Jianping^1,2,3, Chen Jianjun⁴, Ni Yunyan^1,2,3, Fan Mingtao⁴, Liao Fengrong^1,2,3, Wei Jun⁴, Tian Duowen⁴, Han Yongke¹

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Enhanced Oil Recovery, Beijing 100083, China;
3. CNPC Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geochemistry, Beijing 100083, China;
4. PetroChina Yumen Oilfield Company, Ganshu Jiuquan 735000, China

Received:2019-02-17 Revised:2019-06-28 Online:2019-11-25 Published:2019-12-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

酒泉盆地酒西坳陷是典型的勘探程度非常高的含油气坳陷，其油气勘探潜力及有利的勘探区域是油气勘探决策面临的关键问题。通过酒西坳陷原油类型与油源的精细对比，厘定了不同类型原油分布的层系与区域，总结归纳了原油分布规律，探讨了油气运移与聚集成藏的控制因素，重新评估了油气资源潜力并预测了有利勘探区域。研究结果表明，酒西坳陷青南次凹中部地区存在低成熟、中等成熟和高成熟3类原油。低成熟原油仅分布在下白垩统下沟组上段和中沟组，中等成熟原油分布在下白垩统下沟组中段及以上地层，高成熟原油主要分布在深层下沟组下段与赤金堡组。青西凹陷南部的窟窿山构造带和北部的柳北构造带仅分布高成熟原油；鸭儿峡—老君庙—石油沟构造带和石北次凹西部斜坡带的古近系中仅分布中等成熟原油。青南次凹内部的油气以近源运移成藏为主，不同层段有效烃源岩的分布控制了油气的分布层位。窟窿山断裂和121断裂是控制凹陷内油气运移成藏的关键断裂，鸭509断裂是控制油气由青西凹陷向南部凸起运移的关键断裂。新近纪以来祁连山向北推覆挤压形成的背斜构造带为油气聚集成藏提供了有利的圈闭，青西凹陷不均衡沉降与抬升为油气由西向东高效运移创造了有利条件。酒西坳陷仍然具有良好的油气资源基础与勘探潜力。青南次凹中部的深层、南部窟窿山构造带东段和北部柳北构造带的中层—深层是寻找高成熟原油的有利区；鸭西及其以南地区是寻找中等成熟和高成熟原油的有利区；鸭南—庙南地区和鸭儿峡—石北次凹西部斜坡地区的古近系是寻找中等成熟原油的有利区；石北次凹中部—北部的深层是寻找赤金堡组自生自储成熟原油油藏的有利区。

关键词: 酒泉盆地, 酒西坳陷, 原油类型, 原油分布, 成藏控制因素, 有利勘探区域

Abstract:

The Jiuxi depression in Jiuquan Basin is a typical oil-bearing depression characterized with high exploration degree, and its oil and gas exploration potential and favorable exploration area are the key issues in strategic decision-making. Based on the detailed correlation between crude oil type and source in the Jiuxi depression, this paper clarifies the series of strata and region where different types of crude oil are distributed, summarizes the distribution of crude oil, explores the controlling factors of oil and gas migration and accumulation, reassesses the potential of oil and gas resources and predicts favorable exploration areas. The results show that there are three types of crude oils in the central part of Qingnan subsag, i.e., low-mature, medium-mature and high-mature crude oils. The low-mature crude oil is only distributed in the Upper Member of Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation and the Zhonggou Formation; the medium-mature crude oil is distributed in the middle and upper strata of the Lower Cretaceous Xiagou Formation; the high-mature crude oil is only reserved in the Lower Member of Xiagou Formation and the Chijinpu Formation. High-mature crude oil can only be found in the Kulongshan tectonic belt in the south and the Liubei tectonic belt in the north of Qingxi sag; medium-mature crude oil can only be found in the Paleogene at the Yaerxia-Laojunmiao-Shiyou gou tectonic belt and the western slope of Shibei subsag. The accumulation of oil and gas in the Qingnan subsag is mainly dominated by a short-range migration, where the effective source rocks in different strata control the distribution of oil pools. The Kulongshan fault and the 121 fault play key roles in controlling the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in the sag, while the Ya-509 fault plays a key role in controlling the hydrocarbon migration from the Qingxi sag to the southern uplift. Since Neogene, the anticline tectonic belt formed by the northward thrust of Qilian Mountains has provided favorable traps for hydrocarbon accumulation, and the non-isostatic subsidence and uplift of the Qingxi sag has created favorable conditions for the efficient migration of oil and gas from west to east. The Jiuxi depression still presents good hydrocarbon resources and exploration potential. The deep layer in the central part of Qingnan subsag, the eastern section of southern Kulongshan tectonic belt and the medium-deep layer of northern Liubei tectonic belt are favorable areas for exploring high-mature crude oil; the areas of Yaxi and its south are favorable areas for exploring medium-mature and high-mature crude oil; the Paleogene in the south of Yaerxia to Laojunmiao area and the western slope of Yaerxia-Shibei subsag is favorable for exploring medium-mature crude oil; the deep layer in the central and northern part of the Shibei subsag is favorable area for exploring the mature crude oil reservoirs with self-sourced and self-reserved characteristics in Chijinpu Formation.

Key words: Jiuquan Basin, Jiuxi depression, crude oil type, crude oil distribution, controlling factor of migration and accumulation, favorable exploration area

中图分类号:

TE122.1

陈建平, 陈建军, 倪云燕, 范铭涛, 廖凤蓉, 魏军, 田多文, 韩永科. 酒泉盆地酒西坳陷油气成藏控制因素与有利勘探方向[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(11): 1311-1330.

Chen Jianping, Chen Jianjun, Ni Yunyan, Fan Mingtao, Liao Fengrong, Wei Jun, Tian Duowen, Han Yongke. Controlling factors of petroleum accumulation and favorable exploration area in the Jiuxi depression, Jiuquan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(11): 1311-1330.

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酒泉盆地酒西坳陷油气成藏控制因素与有利勘探方向

Controlling factors of petroleum accumulation and favorable exploration area in the Jiuxi depression, Jiuquan Basin

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