基于断裂-裂缝-应力-砂体-隔夹层耦合的“天窗-屋顶”差异治水方法与实践——以塔里木盆地克深2超深裂缝型砂岩气藏为例

doi:10.7623/syxb202605010

石油学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 1094-1109.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202605010

• 油田开发 • 上一篇

基于断裂-裂缝-应力-砂体-隔夹层耦合的“天窗-屋顶”差异治水方法与实践——以塔里木盆地克深2超深裂缝型砂岩气藏为例

朱松柏^1,2, 邹才能^1,3, 唐永亮², 张现军², 范秋海², 聂延波², 颜雪², 王艳丽², 单长安⁴, 刘琦春⁴

1. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院四川成都 610500;
2. 中国石油塔里木油田公司新疆库尔勒 841000;
3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
4. 西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院陕西西安 710065

收稿日期:2025-06-03 修回日期:2025-10-13 发布日期:2026-06-09
通讯作者: 邹才能,男,1963年9月生,2004年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国科学院院士、中国石油天然气集团有限公司新能源首席专家、中石油深圳新能源研究院有限公司首席科学家,主要从事常规、非常规油气地质勘探理论与实践、新能源技术、碳中和与能源战略等研究工作。Email:zcn@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:朱松柏,男,1990年11月生,2014年获西南石油大学学士学位,现为中国石油塔里木油田公司高级工程师、西南石油大学博士研究生,主要从事油气开发地质与提采技术研究。Email:zsbai-tlm@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大专项“超深层油气藏提高采收率关键技术研究与应用”(2023ZZ14YJ04)和中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技项目“克深气田克深8区块25亿方稳产压舱石示范工程研究”(2023YQX10305)资助。

“Skylight-roof” differential water control method and practice based on the fault- fracture-stress-sandstone-interlayer coupling: a case study of the ultra-deep fractured sandstone gas reservoir in Keshen2 area of Tarim Basin

Zhu Songbai^1,2, Zou Caineng^1,3, Tang Yongliang², Zhang Xianjun², Fan Qiuhai², Nie Yanbo², Yan Xue², Wang Yanli², Shan Chang'an⁴, Liu Qichun⁴

1. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China;
2. PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Korla 841000, China;
3. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
4. School of Earth Science and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Shaanxi Xi'an 710065, China

Received:2025-06-03 Revised:2025-10-13 Published:2026-06-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深地区作为典型的超深层裂缝型砂岩气藏,近年来水淹现象频发,严重制约了气井的产能及最终采收率。为缓解水侵问题并提高采收率,以克深2气藏为研究对象,综合"断裂(断)-裂缝(缝)-应力(力)-砂体(砂)-隔夹层(隔)"耦合关系,提出了"天窗-屋顶"差异治水的新方法并开展了实际应用。研究结果表明:①克深地区巴什基奇克组储层的裂缝呈多尺度发育特征,不同构造单元的裂缝产状受构造应力场差异控制,呈现显著的分异特征,裂缝的发育程度整体上遵循"构造核部＞构造翼部＞近边界断层区带＞构造鞍部"的递减规律。②基于岩性组合特征,隔夹层可划分为泥质、钙质和砾岩3类;基于平面展布特征,隔夹层可划分为区域型、井组型及单井型3类,同时结合其分布范围及其对水侵的影响效果,可进一步分为孤立透镜状、局部栅状、复合透镜状、连片栅状、孤立栅状和全域脉状6类。③"天窗"根据其成因可分为2类,其中,断缝"天窗"是由断层、裂缝破坏隔夹层而形成,隔夹层"天窗"是由于隔夹层厚度减薄或展布不连续而形成;"屋顶"可划分为因受储层非均质影响、未被水淹而形成的非均质"屋顶"以及在厚度大、范围广的隔夹层区域之上形成的隔夹层"屋顶"。④"屋顶"区的剩余气在局部较富集,采取在"天窗"区适当降低采气速度,在"屋顶"区适当提高采气速度的开发策略,有利于延缓水侵的发生;采用"上部采气、下部排水"的纵向挖潜措施后,KeS3-1井和KeS2-1-11井的日产气量分别提高了250 % 和50 %。研究提出了超深层裂缝型气藏"天窗-屋顶"差异治水方法,为同类型气藏高效开发提供了重要理论支撑与实践指导。

关键词: 克深气田, 超深裂缝型气藏, 差异治水, 水侵, 巴什基奇克组

Abstract: As a typical ultra-deep fractured sandstone gas reservoir, the Keshen area in Kuqa depression of Tarim Basin has experienced frequent water invasion in recent years, which has severely constrained gas well productivity and ultimate recovery. To mitigate water invasion and enhance recovery, this study focuses on the Keshen2 gas reservoir and proposes a novel "skylight-roof" differential water control method based on the fault-fracture-stress-sandstone-interlayer coupling relationship. The research results show as follows. (1) The fractures within the Bashijiqike Formation reservoir in the Keshen area exhibit multi-scale development characteristics. Specifically, the fracture occurrences across different structural units are controlled by variations in the tectonic stress field, demonstrating significant differentiation. The overall intensity of fracture development follows a decreasing trend from structural core, structural limb, near-boundary fault zone, to structural saddle. (2) Based on lithological characteristics, interlayers are categorized into three types, i.e., argillaceous, calcareous, and conglomeratic rocks. According to their planar distribution features, they are classified into regional, well-group, and single-well types. Furthermore, by integrating their distribution ranges with their impacts on water invasion, they are subdivided into six categories demonstrating isolated lenticular, locally palisade-like, composite lenticular, continuous palisade-like, isolated palisade-like, and pervasive vein-like patterns. (3) "Skylights" are classified into two types based on their genesis, i.e., "fault-fracture skylights" formed by the disruption of interlayers by faults and fractures, and "interlayer skylights" resulting from the thinning or discontinuous distribution of the interlayers. "Roofs" are divided into "heterogeneity roofs" formed where water invasion is hindered by reservoir heterogeneity, and "interlayer roofs" which develop above thick, laterally extensive interlayer zones. (4) Residual gas is relatively enriched within the "roof" zones. Implementing a development strategy that appropriately curtails gas production rates in "skylight" zones while increasing rates in "roof" zones is conducive to delaying the onset of water invasion. Following the implementation of vertical potential-tapping measures characterized by "gas production in upper layer and water drainage in lower layer", the daily gas production of Well KeS3-1 and KeS2-1-11 increased by 250 % and 50 %, respectively. This study proposes a "skylight-roof" differential water control method for ultra-deep fractured gas reservoirs, providing critical theoretical support and practical guidance for the efficient development of similar reservoirs.

Key words: Keshen gas field, ultra-deep fractured gas reservoir, differential water control, water invasion, Bashijiqike Formation

中图分类号:

TE122.3

朱松柏, 邹才能, 唐永亮, 张现军, 范秋海, 聂延波, 颜雪, 王艳丽, 单长安, 刘琦春. 基于断裂-裂缝-应力-砂体-隔夹层耦合的“天窗-屋顶”差异治水方法与实践——以塔里木盆地克深2超深裂缝型砂岩气藏为例[J]. 石油学报, 2026, 47(5): 1094-1109.

Zhu Songbai, Zou Caineng, Tang Yongliang, Zhang Xianjun, Fan Qiuhai, Nie Yanbo, Yan Xue, Wang Yanli, Shan Chang'an, Liu Qichun. “Skylight-roof” differential water control method and practice based on the fault- fracture-stress-sandstone-interlayer coupling: a case study of the ultra-deep fractured sandstone gas reservoir in Keshen2 area of Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 1094-1109.

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基于断裂-裂缝-应力-砂体-隔夹层耦合的“天窗-屋顶”差异治水方法与实践——以塔里木盆地克深2超深裂缝型砂岩气藏为例

“Skylight-roof” differential water control method and practice based on the fault- fracture-stress-sandstone-interlayer coupling: a case study of the ultra-deep fractured sandstone gas reservoir in Keshen2 area of Tarim Basin

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