渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷黏土质混合类页岩地质特征与页岩油勘探突破

doi:10.7623/syxb202605002

石油学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 961-973.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202605002

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇

渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷黏土质混合类页岩地质特征与页岩油勘探突破

刘惠民^1,2,3, 张奎华^1,2,3, 李军亮^1,2,4, 刘鹏^1,2,4, 王勇^1,2,4, 周广清⁵, 滕建彬^1,2,4, 张顺^1,2,4, 朱日房^1,2,4, 苗卓伟⁴

1. 页岩油气富集机理与高效开发全国重点实验室山东东营 257015;
2. 中国石化页岩油气勘探开发重点实验室山东东营 257015;
3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司山东东营 257001;
4. 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院山东东营 257015;
5. 中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司油气勘探管理中心山东东营 257099

收稿日期:2025-07-03 修回日期:2025-08-18 发布日期:2026-06-09
通讯作者: 张顺,男,1985年8月生,2015年获中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司勘探开发研究院副研究员,主要从事页岩沉积与储层研究。Email:satisfactoryshun@163.com
作者简介:刘惠民,男,1969年9月生,2005年获中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司教授级高级工程师,主要从事常规油气与页岩油勘探综合研究与管理工作。Email:liuhuimin717.slyt@sinopec.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目“陆相断陷湖盆页岩油富集机理与立体开发方法”(No.U24B6002)、国家科技重大专项“渤海湾超级盆地油气富集规律与新领域勘探技术”(2024ZD1400100)和中国石油化工集团有限公司项目“济阳坳陷页岩油富集高产地质控制因素及目标评价”(P23084)、“济阳陆相咸化湖盆页岩储层成因及评价预测研究”(P24027)资助。

Geological characteristics of clay-rich hybrid shale and exploration breakthroughs of shale oil in Jiyang depression,Bohai Bay Basin

Liu Huimin^1,2,3, Zhang Kuihua^1,2,3, Li Junliang^1,2,4, Liu Peng^1,2,4, Wang Yong^1,2,4, Zhou Guangqing⁵, Teng Jianbin^1,2,4, Zhang Shun^1,2,4, Zhu Rifang^1,2,4, Miao Zhuowei⁴

1. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Shandong Dongying 257015, China;
2. Sinopec Key Laboratory of Shale Oil/Gas Exploration and Production, Shandong Dongying 257015, China;
3. Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Shandong Dongying 257001, China;
4. Exploration and Development Research Institute, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Shandong Dongying 257015, China;
5. Center of Oil and Gas Management, Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Company, Shandong Dongying 257099, China

Received:2025-07-03 Revised:2025-08-18 Published:2026-06-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷页岩油勘探目前主要关注富碳酸盐类页岩、碳酸盐质混合类页岩等页岩岩相类型,而对于碳酸盐矿物含量相对较低、黏土矿物含量超过35 % 的黏土质混合类页岩,尚未引起足够重视。基于黏土质混合类页岩的岩相特征分析,探讨了该岩相类型页岩中页岩油的富集高产地质条件,进而指导勘探实践。研究结果表明:①济阳坳陷黏土质混合类页岩的黏土矿物平均含量达37.7 %,页岩形成于气候湿润、物源充足、水体较深的沉积环境,在平面上主要分布于东营凹陷沙河街组三段(沙三段)下亚段远离湖岸的深洼带静水区;②得益于黏土矿物对有机质的吸附以及黏土矿物转化过程中可溶有机质的释放,黏土质混合类页岩的生烃能力强;③黏土质混合类页岩的储集空间类型以黏土矿物片间孔、晶间孔等为主,刚性颗粒对黏土矿物的支撑保护作用、有机酸对方解石重结晶的促进作用、强超压流体对黏土矿物片间孔抗压能力的增强作用等是储集空间形成的主因;④黏土质混合类页岩的脆性矿物含量相对较低,水平应力差较大,创新集成的"密切割限流双暂堵"压裂技术破解了该类页岩难以形成复杂缝网的难题;⑤较强的生烃能力、优良的储集系统以及异常高压是黏土质混合类页岩中页岩油富集高产的主要因素。Ly101HF井获得高产稳产证实了济阳坳陷黏土质混合类页岩中的页岩油具有商业开采价值,为济阳坳陷页岩油勘探开发的有序实施奠定了基础。

关键词: 黏土质混合类页岩, 济阳坳陷, 黏土矿物, 富集高产, 勘探突破

Abstract: Current shale oil exploration in the Jiyang depression of Bohai Bay Basin primarily focuses on carbonate-rich shale and carbonate-rich hybrid shale facies. However, for the clay-rich hybrid shale with relatively lower carbonate mineral content and clay mineral content exceeding 35 %, it has not garnered adequate attention. Based on the lithofacies characteristics of clay-rich hybrid shale, this study investigates the geological conditions conducive to the enrichment and high yield for shale oil, thereby providing guidance for exploration practices. Research results show as follows. (1) The clay-rich hybrid shale in Jiyang depression has the average clay mineral content of 37.7 %, and it was formed in humid, sediment-productive and relatively deep-water environments. On a plane, it is predominantly distributed in the quiet water areas of deep subsags, located away from the lacustrine shorelines in the lower submember of Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Dongying sag. (2) The clay-rich hybrid shale exhibits strong hydrocarbon generation potential due to the adsorption of organic matter by clay minerals and the release of soluble organic matter during clay mineral transformation. (3) The reservoir spaces are dominated by interlayer pores between clay mineral sheets and intergranular pores in clay minerals. The main factors contributing to the formation of reservoir spaces include the support and protection of clay minerals by rigid particles, the promotion of calcite recrystallization by organic acids, and the enhancement of compressive strength of interlayer pores in clay minerals by high overpressure fluids. (4) The clay-rich hybrid shale is characterized with relatively low brittle mineral content and large horizontal stress difference. The challenge of forming complex fracture networks has been addressed by the fracturing technology featuring the innovative integration of "closely-spaced cutting, flow-limiting, and dual temporary plugging". (5) Strong hydrocarbon generation potential, favorable hydrocarbon reservoir system, and abnormal high pressure are the key factors for the enrichment and high yield of shale oil in clayey-rich hybrid shale. The high and stable production of Well Ly101HF has demonstrated the commercial development potential of shale oil in the clay-rich hybrid shale of Jiyang depression, providing a foundation for the orderly implementation of shale oil exploration and development.

Key words: clay-rich hybrid shale, Jiyang depression, clay minerals, enrichment and high yield, exploration breakthrough

中图分类号:

TE122.2

刘惠民, 张奎华, 李军亮, 刘鹏, 王勇, 周广清, 滕建彬, 张顺, 朱日房, 苗卓伟. 渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷黏土质混合类页岩地质特征与页岩油勘探突破[J]. 石油学报, 2026, 47(5): 961-973.

Liu Huimin, Zhang Kuihua, Li Junliang, Liu Peng, Wang Yong, Zhou Guangqing, Teng Jianbin, Zhang Shun, Zhu Rifang, Miao Zhuowei. Geological characteristics of clay-rich hybrid shale and exploration breakthroughs of shale oil in Jiyang depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 961-973.

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渤海湾盆地济阳坳陷黏土质混合类页岩地质特征与页岩油勘探突破

Geological characteristics of clay-rich hybrid shale and exploration breakthroughs of shale oil in Jiyang depression,Bohai Bay Basin

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