渤海湾盆地大型疏松砂岩岩性油藏形成条件与特征

doi:10.7623/syxb202606002

石油学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (6): 1149-1160,1189.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202606002

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇

渤海湾盆地大型疏松砂岩岩性油藏形成条件与特征

薛永安^1,2, 李龙², 王海学³, 郭景震²

1. 天津大学海洋科学与技术学院天津 300072;
2. 中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司天津 300459;
3. 东北石油大学地球科学学院黑龙江大庆 163319

收稿日期:2026-01-06 修回日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-07-02
通讯作者: 薛永安,男,1963年10月生,2008年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为天津大学海洋科学与技术学院客座教授、教授级高级工程师,主要从事海上油气勘探研究和管理工作。Email:xueya@cnooc.com.cn
作者简介:薛永安,男,1963年10月生,2008年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为天津大学海洋科学与技术学院客座教授、教授级高级工程师,主要从事海上油气勘探研究和管理工作。Email:xueya@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
中海石油(中国)有限公司“七年行动计划”科技重大专项“渤海油田上产4 000万吨新领域勘探关键技术”(CNOOC KJ135ZDXM36TJ08TJ)资助。

Formation conditions and characteristics of large-scale unconsolidated lithologic sandstone reservoirs in Bohai Bay Basin

Xue Yong'an^1,2, Li Long², Wang Haixue³, Guo Jingzhen²

1. School of Marine Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China;
2. Tianjin Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Tianjin 300459, China;
3. College of Earth Sciences, Northeast Petroleum University, Heilongjiang Daqing 163319, China

Received:2026-01-06 Revised:2026-03-25 Published:2026-07-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 浅层新近系是渤海油田的主力储量、产量层系,随着勘探程度越来越高,渤海海域浅层规模储量发现的难度越来越大。为了保证渤海油田持续增储上产,针对渤海海域浅层大型疏松砂岩岩性油藏,结合其油气成藏要素的配置关系、富集规律研究,对其成藏主控因素与成藏模式进行了系统梳理,重新认识了渤海海域浅层油气的运移条件,明确了浅层油气富集与深层油气初次、二次运移的关系以及浅层油气富集、贫化的机理,建立了“汇聚脊”控制浅层油气富集的模式。研究结果表明:①渤海海域浅层油气的规模成藏受控于“汇聚脊”类型和岩性圈闭规模;②“汇聚脊”是油气初次、二次运移的优势汇聚部位,“汇聚脊”的类型控制了源外浅层油气成藏;③“枝蔓式”砂体形成的疏松砂岩大型岩性圈闭控制了油气的富集。在新认识的指导下,渤海海域多个构造带的浅层油气勘探取得了突破,获得一系列亿吨级新发现。渤海海域浅层油气运移成藏理论和技术的创新与勘探突破不仅对其后续勘探具有重要的促进作用,也对渤海湾盆地陆区甚至中国东部老油区勘探具有一定的借鉴意义,同时具有很高的科学价值。

关键词: 大型岩性油藏, 疏松砂岩, 增储上产, 新近系, 渤海湾盆地

Abstract: The shallow Neogene reservoirs dominate reserves and production in Bohai oilfield. As exploration matures, discovery of large-scale shallow reserves in Bohai Sea has become increasingly challenging. To ensure sustained increase in reserve and production, this study systematically evaluates the main controlling factors and accumulation models of large-scale shallow unconsolidated lithologic sandstone reservoirs in Bohai Sea, integrating the configuration of petroleum system elements with enrichment patterns. Through a reassessment of shallow hydrocarbon migration conditions, it elucidates the relationship between shallow enrichment and the primary and secondary migration of deep-seated hydrocarbons, as well as the mechanisms governing shallow enrichment and depletion. Consequently, a convergence ridge mode for shallow hydrocarbon enrichment is established. The research results indicate as follows. (1) Large-scale shallow hydrocarbon accumulation in Bohai Sea is governed by catchment ridge types and lithological trap scales. (2) Catchment ridges serve as preferential pathways for primary and secondary hydrocarbon migration, with their specific types controlling the accumulation of shallow reservoirs beyond the source kitchens. (3) Large-scale unconsolidated sandstone lithologic traps, characterized by dendritic sand bodies, dictate hydrocarbon enrichment. Guided by these new insights, significant breakthroughs in shallow hydrocarbon exploration have been achieved across multiple structural zones in Bohai Sea, leading to a series of hundred-million-ton discoveries. The innovations in migration-accumulation theory and technology, along with the subsequent exploration successes, not only facilitate future efforts in Bohai Sea but also provide strategic references and high scientific value for exploration in the onshore Bohai Bay Basin and mature oil provinces across eastern China.

Key words: large-scale lithologic reservoir, unconsolidated sandstone, increasing reserve and production, Neogene, Bohai Bay Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.3

薛永安, 李龙, 王海学, 郭景震. 渤海湾盆地大型疏松砂岩岩性油藏形成条件与特征[J]. 石油学报, 2026, 47(6): 1149-1160,1189.

Xue Yong'an, Li Long, Wang Haixue, Guo Jingzhen. Formation conditions and characteristics of large-scale unconsolidated lithologic sandstone reservoirs in Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(6): 1149-1160,1189.

参考文献

[1] 薛永安,牛成民,王德英,等. 渤海海域浅层油气运移新认识与勘探新进展[J].石油学报,2019,40(增刊2):29-37.
XUE Yongan,NIU Chengmin,WANG Deying,et al.New understanding of shallow hydrocarbon migration and new exploration progress in the Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(S2):29-37.
[2] 薛永安.渤海海域油气运移"汇聚脊"模式及其对新近系油气成藏的控制[J].石油学报,2018,39(9):963-970.
XUE Yongan.The "catchment ridge" model of hydrocarbon migration in Bohai Sea and its control on Neogene hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(9):963-970.
[3] 薛永安,牛成民,王德英,等.渤海湾盆地油气运移"汇聚脊"控藏与浅层勘探[M].北京:科学出版社,2021.
XUE Yongan."Accumulation Ridge" control of hydrocarbon migration and shallow exploration in the Bohai Bay Basin[M].Beijing:Science Press,2021.
[4] 谢玉洪.中国海油近海油气勘探实践与思考[J].中国海上油气,2020,32(2):1-13.
XIE Yuhong.Practices and thoughts of CNOOC offshore oil and gas exploration[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2020,32(2):1-13.
[5] 冉逸轩.渤海海域凸起型汇聚脊汇聚油气物理模拟[D].大庆:东北石油大学,2021.
RAN Yixuan.The physical simulation of oil and gas accumulation on convex convergence ridge in Bohai Sea area[D].Daqing:Northeast Petroleum University,2021.
[6] 徐长贵.中国近海油气勘探新进展与勘探突破方向[J].中国海上油气,2022,34(1):9-16.
XU Changgui.New progress and breakthrough directions of oil and gas exploration in China offshore area[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2022,34(1):9-16.
[7] 薛永安.渤海海域垦利6-1油田的发现与浅层勘探思路的重大转变[J].中国海上油气,2021,33(2):1-12.
XUE Yongan.Discovery of KL 6-1 oilfield and great change of shallow strata exploration ideas in Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2021,33(2):1-12.
[8] 薛永安,杨海风,王航,等.渤海莱州湾凹陷深洼带垦利10-2新近系大型油田发现与意义[J].中国海上油气,2022,34(1):17-26.
XUE Yong’an,YANG Haifeng,WANG Hang,et al.Discovery and significance of KL10-2 Neogene large oilfield in deep subsag zone of Laizhouwan sag,Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2022,34(1):17-26.
[9] 王昕,杨海风,许鹏,等.渤海海域渤中19-2大型岩性油田发现与成藏新认识[J].中国海上油气,2024,36(4):12-22.
WANG Xin,YANG Haifeng,XU Peng,et al.New insights into the discovery and reservoir formation of the BZ19-2 large lithologic oilfield in the Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2024,36(4):12-22.
[10] 王德英,刘庆顺,汤国民,等.渤海海域明下段岩性油藏油柱高度分布规律及影响因素[J].中国海上油气,2024,36(4):37-48.
WANG Deying,LIU Qingshun,TANG Guomin,et al.Distribution law and influencing factors of oil column height in lithologic reservoirs in Lower Member of Minghuazhen Formation in Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2024,36(4):37-48.
[11] 周家雄,徐春强,杨海风,等.渤海湾盆地石臼坨凸起秦皇岛27-3大型油田发现与地质新认识[J].中国海上油气,2024,36(1):14-25.
ZHOU Jiaxiong,XU Chunqiang,YANG Haifeng,et al.Discovery and geological insights into QHD 27-3 large oilfield in Shijiutuo uplift of Bohai bay Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2024,36(1):14-25.
[12] 刘斯亮,薛永安,吕丁友,等.深层古近系"汇聚脊"对浅层新近系油气聚集的控制作用——以渤海湾盆地环渤中地区为例[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2024,43(5):42-53.
LIU Siliang,XUE Yongan,Lü Dingyou,et al.Control of deep Paleogene "catchment ridge" on shallow Neogene hydrocarbon accumulation:a case study around Bozhong area in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2024,43(5):42-53.
[13] 徐长贵,赖维成,张新涛,等.中国海油油气勘探新进展与未来勘探思考[J].中国海上油气,2023,35(2):1-12.
XU Changgui,LAI Weicheng,ZHANG Xintao,et al.New progress and future exploration thinking of CNOOC oil and gas exploration[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2023,35(2):1-12.
[14] 周心怀,王德英,于海波,等.环渤中地区浅层大规模岩性油藏的成藏主控因素与成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2022,49(4):660-669.
ZHOU Xinhuai,WANG Deying,YU Haibo,et al.Major controlling factors and hydrocarbon accumulation models of large-scale lithologic reservoirs in shallow strata around the Bozhong sag,Bohai Bay Basin,China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2022,49(4):660-669.
[15] 官大勇,宿雯,曾萱,等.渤海海域渤南地区浅层油气成藏模式与运聚链[J].中国海上油气,2024,36(4):49-58.
GUAN Dayong,SU Wen,ZENG Xuan,et al.Shallow hydrocarbon accumulation model and migration-accumulation chains in Bonan area, Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2024,36(4):49-58.
[16] 王德英,余宏忠,于海波,等.渤海海域新近系层序地层格架约束下岩性圈闭发育特征分析及精细刻画——以石臼坨凸起明下段为例[J].中国海上油气,2012,24(增刊1):23-28.
WANG Deying,YU Hongzhong,YU Haibo,et al.An analysis and refined depiction of lithologic trap development under the framework of Neogene sequence stratigraphy in Bohai water:a case of Lower Member of Minghuazhen Formation in Shijiutuo rise[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2012,24(S1):23-28.
[17] 周心怀,王德英,张新涛.渤海海域石臼坨凸起两个亿吨级隐蔽油气藏勘探实践与启示[J].中国石油勘探,2016,21(4):30-37.
ZHOU Xinhuai,WANG Deying,ZHANG Xintao.Two 100 million-ton class subtle reservoirs in Shijiutuo uplift,Bohai Sea exploration practices and enlightenments[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2016,21(4):30-37.
[18] 徐中波,汪利兵,申春生,等.渤海蓬莱19-3油田新近系明下段曲流河储层构型表征[J].岩性油气藏,2023,35(5):100-107.
XU Zhongbo,WANG Libing,SHEN Chunsheng,et al.Architecture characterization of meandering river reservoirs of Lower Minghuazhen Formation of Neogene in Penglai 19-3 oilfield,Bohai Sea[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2023,35(5):100-107.
[19] 王德英,于海波,李龙,等.渤海海域石臼坨凸起新近系岩性油藏充满度特征及主控因素[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(5):21-27.
WANG Deying,YU Haibo,LI Long,et al.Characteristics of fullness degree of trap and its main controlling factors of the Neogene lithologic reservoir in the Shijiutuo uplift,Bohai Sea[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(5):21-27.
[20] 徐长贵,杨海风,王德英,等.渤海海域莱北低凸起新近系大面积高丰度岩性油藏形成条件[J].石油勘探与开发,2021,48(1):12-25.
XU Changgui,YANG Haifeng,WANG Deying,et al.Formation conditions of Neogene large-scale high-abundance lithologic reservoir in the Laibei low uplift,Bohai Sea,East China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2021,48(1):12-25.
[21] 杨海风,牛成民,柳永军,等.渤海垦利6-1新近系大型岩性油藏勘探发现与关键技术[J].中国石油勘探,2020,25(3):24-32.
YANG Haifeng,NIU Chengmin,LIU Yongjun,et al.Discovery and key exploration technology of KL6-1 large lithologic oil reservoir of Neogene in the Bohai Bay Basin[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2020,25(3):24-32.
[22] 王德英, 于海波,王启明,等.渤海海域湖盆萎缩期浅水三角洲岩性油气藏差异成藏模式[J].东北石油大学学报,2018,42(3):16-25.
WANG Deying,YU Haibo,WANG Qiming,et al.Differences of hydrocarbon accumulation models of extremely shallow water delta in lacustrine basin shrinking period,Bohai Sea[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2018,42(3):16-25.
[23] 于海波,王德英,牛成民,等.层序—构造对黄河口凹陷新近系油气分布及成藏的控制作用[J].油气地质与采收率,2012,19(6):42-46.
YU Haibo,WANG Deying,NIU Chengmin,et al.Analysis of Neogene sequence-structure control over hydrocarbon distribution and accumulation in Huanghekou sag[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2012,19(6):42-46.
[24] 于海波,许鹏,李龙,等.渤海海域明化镇组下段砂体构型与连通性分析[J].中国海上油气,2024,36(4):72-83.
YU Haibo,XU Peng,LI Long,et al.Analysis of sand architecture and connectivity in lower member of Minghuazhen Formation in Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2024,36(4):72-83.
[25] 陈薪凯,刘景彦,陈程,等.主要构型要素细分下的曲流河单砂体识别[J].沉积学报,2020,38(1):205-217.
CHEN Xinkai,LIU Jingyan,CHEN Cheng,et al.Identifying single sand bodies in meandering river deposits based on subdivision of main architecture elements[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2020,38(1):205-217.
[26] 薛永安,许鹏,汤国民.渤中凹陷西南环特大型高产油气聚集带的发现与勘探启示[J].中国海上油气,2023,35(3):1-11.
XUE Yongan,XU Peng,TANG Guomin.Discovery and exploration implications of super-large high-yield oil and gas accumulation zone in the southwest belt of Bozhong sag[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2023,35(3):1-11.
[27] 李建平, 刘子玉,陈莹,等.浅水三角洲基本特征、形成条件及沉积模式:以渤海新近系为例[J].地质科学,2023,58(4):1340-1353.
LI Jianping,LIU Ziyu,CHEN Ying,et al.Basic characteristics,formation conditions and depositional models of shallow water deltas:a case study of Neogene in Bohai Sea[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2023,58(4):1340-1353
[28] 乔柱,王思权,张德龙,等.渤海X油田岩性勘探中河道刻画及连通性分析[J].天然气与石油,2017,35(6):48-53.
QIAO Zhu,WANG Siquan,ZHANG Delong,et al.Analysis on channel description and connectivity in lithology exploration of Bohai oilfield X[J].Natural Gas and Oil,2017,35(6):48-53.
[29] 于海波,牛成民,彭文绪,等.黄河口凹陷新近系断裂-砂体控藏分析——以垦利3-2构造为例[J].中国海上油气,2010,22(3):149-154.
YU Haibo,NIU Chengmin,PENG Wenxu,et al.An analysis of Neogene fault-sandbody control over hydrocarbon accumulations in Yellow River Mouth depression:a case of the structure Kenli 3-2[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2010,22(3):149-154.
[30] 王德英,张宏国,官大勇,等.环渤中地区新近系控藏模式与高丰度油藏勘探实践[J].石油学报,2021,42(3):273-282.
WANG Deying,ZHANG Hongguo,GUAN Dayong,et al.Neogene reservoir-controlling mode and exploration practice of high-abundance oil reservoirs in Bozhong sag and its surrounding area[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2021,42(3):273-282.
[31] 李志军,肖阳,田建章,等.渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷新领域、新类型油气勘探潜力及有利方向[J].石油学报,2024,45(1):69-98.
LI Zhijun,XIAO Yang,TIAN Jianzhang,et al.Potentials and favorable directions for new fields,new types of oil-gas exploration in Jizhong depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2024,45(1):69-98.
[32] 李熹微,杨博,姜福杰,等.渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷保定凹陷—饶阳凹陷全油气系统特征与成藏模式[J].石油学报,2025,46(6):1108-1125.
LI Xiwei,YANG Bo,JIANG Fujie,et al.Characteristics and accumulation model of the Whole Petroleum System in Baoding-Raoyang sags,Jizhong depression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2025,46(6):1108-1125.

渤海湾盆地大型疏松砂岩岩性油藏形成条件与特征

Formation conditions and characteristics of large-scale unconsolidated lithologic sandstone reservoirs in Bohai Bay Basin

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	徐长贵, 王昕, 徐春强, 黄志. 渤海海域秦皇岛27-3大型浅层岩性油田的发现及关键勘探技术[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(6): 1037-1055.
[2]	李熹微, 杨博, 姜福杰, 陈柯童, 李泳希, 史原鹏, 李晓燕, 张霁潮, 马学峰, 李奔, 张瑞雪, 许梦婷, 臧丽媛, 赵懿. 渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷保定凹陷—饶阳凹陷全油气系统特征与成藏模式[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(6): 1108-1125.
[3]	刘鹏程, 吕丁友, 衣健, 单玄龙, 张晋瑞, 刘晓健, 高福红, 王蔚, 任淑悦, 徐宏节. 渤海湾盆地渤中凹陷太古宇潜山变质岩的岩性特征、成因及储层意义——以渤中19-6构造区和安子岭地区为例[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(2): 320-334.
[4]	肖阳, 严梦颖, 李彬, 王元杰, 李妍, 焦亚先, 樊杰, 刘燕, 张钰景, 吴浩宇, 李晓燕, 余雁, 董晴. 渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷致密油气勘探新领域及资源潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(1): 137-153.
[5]	周立宏, 陈长伟, 陈家旭, 刘国全, 宋舜尧, 董晓伟, 崔宇, 徐雯婧, 邹磊落, 黄传炎, 曹强, 李宏军. 渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷致密油气勘探新领域及资源潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(1): 154-172.
[6]	解德录, 赵贤正, 金凤鸣, 蒲秀刚, 韩文中, 时战楠, 张伟, 董雄英. 沧东凹陷深湖亚相纹层状页岩成因及页岩油可动性影响因素[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(5): 804-816.
[7]	姜福杰, 郭婧, 庞雄奇, 陈迪, 王建伟, 汪英勋, 李亚茜, 陈雪, 郭婷玮, 房舟, 王晓昊, 齐振国, 文嘉豪. 渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷全油气系统3类油气资源联合评价[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(9): 1472-1486.
[8]	赵贤正, 蒲秀刚, 金凤鸣, 陈长伟, 时战楠, 柴公权, 韩文中, 姜文亚, 官全胜, 张伟, 解德录, 董姜畅. 黄骅坳陷页岩型页岩油富集规律及勘探有利区[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(1): 158-175.
[9]	邱正松, 高健, 赵欣, 耿麒, 刘书杰, 孙昊, 邢希金. 深水疏松砂岩储层微粒运移损害的控制方法[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(7): 1016-1025.
[10]	薛永安, 杨海风, 徐春强, 王利良, 高雁飞, 谢祥. 渤海湾盆地垦利6-1亿吨级岩性油田成藏条件及勘探关键技[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(2): 307-324.
[11]	赵贤正, 金凤鸣, 周立宏, 韩国猛, 蒲秀刚, 柴公权, 陈长伟, 周素彦, 刘学伟, 韩文中, 姜文亚, 周育文, 马建英, 周可佳. 渤海湾盆地风险探井歧页1H井沙河街组一段页岩油勘探突破及其意义[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(10): 1369-1382.
[12]	王德英, 张宏国, 官大勇, 任健, 刘朋波, 程燕君. 环渤中地区新近系控藏模式与高丰度油藏勘探实践[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(3): 273-282.
[13]	赵贤正, 蒲秀刚, 周立宏, 金凤鸣, 韩国猛, 时战楠, 韩文中, 丁娱娇, 张伟, 王国娜, 刘学伟, 汪虎. 深盆湖相区页岩油富集理论、勘探技术及前景——以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷古近系为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(2): 143-162.
[14]	杨德相, 陈勇, 李小冬, 周振柱, 田建章, 侯凤香, 王元杰, 冯艳伟, 高婷, 李玉帮, 王淼, 张辉, 刘听雨. 渤海湾盆地廊固凹陷杨税务潜山油气成藏的流体包裹体证据[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(10): 1325-1336.
[15]	宋明水. 胜坨油田成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(1): 128-142.