岩石可钻性测定方法的改进和优化建议

doi:10.7623/syxb202309013

石油学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9): 1562-1573.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202309013

岩石可钻性测定方法的改进和优化建议

石祥超¹, 陈帅¹, 孟英峰¹, 陈军海^2,3, 李皋¹, 杨昕昊¹, 焦烨¹

1. 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都 610500;
2. 页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室北京 102206;
3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油工程技术研究院北京 102206

收稿日期:2022-09-08 修回日期:2023-07-11 出版日期:2023-09-25 发布日期:2023-10-09
通讯作者: 石祥超,男,1981年7月生,2011年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事石油工程岩石力学方面的教学与科研工作。Email:sxcdream@163.com
作者简介:石祥超,男,1981年7月生,2011年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事石油工程岩石力学方面的教学与科研工作。Email:sxcdream@163.com
基金资助:
中国石油—西南石油大学创新联合体项目(2020CX040103)和页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室开放基金项目(35800000-22-ZC0607-0014)资助。

Suggestions for improvement and optimization of rock drillability determination methods

Shi Xiangchao¹, Chen Shuai¹, Meng Yingfeng¹, Chen Junhai^2,3, Li Gao¹, Yang Xinhao¹, Jiao Ye¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development, Beijing 102206, China;
3. Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering, Beijing 102206, China

Received:2022-09-08 Revised:2023-07-11 Online:2023-09-25 Published:2023-10-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 岩石可钻性测定和评价是进行钻井工程设计的重要依据。相继出版的岩石可钻性测定及分级标准对推动钻井工业的发展做出了重要贡献,但随着钻井工程技术进步和测试遇到的问题,有必要对其进行适当的调整和改进。通过回顾石油天然气钻井工程岩石可钻性的发展历史;开展了不同PDC切削齿、定转速变钻压、定钻压变转速的微钻实验。研究结果表明,即使材质和结构相同,来自不同厂家的PDC齿仍然对测试结果有显著影响,建议对倒角误差进行规定,以尽量消除其对测试结果的影响;建议PDC齿侧倾角修改为10°,建议第3级钻压由2 kN更改为1.5 kN,不建议把钻压1 kN所测试的结果用级值"+1"的方式修正0.5 kN测试结果,应根据钻压1 kN和0.5 kN测试结果的对应关系进行修正;通过分析牙轮微钻头结构参数及钻进参数对测试结果的影响,设计了一种6刀片和5挡板结构的新型牙轮微钻头,该微钻头能够解决牙轮微钻头在钻遇硬岩时出现的不能自由旋转问题,消除了牙轮片之间的相互干扰,推荐牙轮微钻头测试钻压仍然为890 N,转速修改为90 r/min,以达到更好的测试效果。

关键词: 岩石, 可钻性, 钻井工程, PDC微钻头, 牙轮微钻头, 钻压, 转速

Abstract: The measurement and evaluation of rock drillability provide an important basis for the design of drilling engineering. The successive release of standards for rock drillability determination and classification has greatly contributed to the development of drilling industry. However, due to the advancement of drilling engineering technology and the challenges encountered in testing, it is imperative to make suitable adjustments and improvements to these standards. Based on this, the paper comprehensively reviews the development history of rock drillability in oil and gas drilling engineering, and performs micro-drilling experiments using different PDC cutters, constant-speed varying WOB (weight on bit), and constant-WOB varying speed. The results show that even though the material and structure are the same, PDC cutters from different manufacturers still have a significant impact on the test results. Therefore, it is recommended that the impact on the test results should be eliminated as much as possible by specifying the chamfering error. It is recommended to modify the side rake angle of PDC tooth to 10° and change WOB in the third stage from 2 kN to 1.5 kN. However, it is not recommended to use the drillability index "+1" to correct the test result of 0.5 kN when the WOB is 1 kN. The correction should be made according to the corresponding relationship between the test results of 1kN and 0.5 kN. By analyzing the impact of structural parameters and drilling parameters of the roller microbit on test results, a new type of roller microbit with 6 blades and 5 baffles is suggested, which can solve the problem that the roller microbit cannot rotate freely when drilling against hard rock, and eliminate the mutual interference between roller blades. In addition, the test WOB of the recommended roller microbit is still 890 N, and the rotational speed should be modified as 90 r/min, so as to achieve better test results.

Key words: rock, drillability, drilling engineering, PDC microbit, roller microbit, weight on bit, rotational speed

中图分类号:

TE22

石祥超, 陈帅, 孟英峰, 陈军海, 李皋, 杨昕昊, 焦烨. 岩石可钻性测定方法的改进和优化建议[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(9): 1562-1573.

Shi Xiangchao, Chen Shuai, Meng Yingfeng, Chen Junhai, Li Gao, Yang Xinhao, Jiao Ye. Suggestions for improvement and optimization of rock drillability determination methods[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(9): 1562-1573.

参考文献

[1] 申威,唐军,信毅,等.塔里木盆地北部潜山岩溶相带定量表征与储层评价[J].石油学报,2022,44(3):471-484.
SHEN Wei,TANG Jun,XIN Yi,et al.Quantitative characterization and reservoir evaluation of karst facies belt of buried hill in northern Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2022,44(3):471-484.
[2] 唐勇,王彦军,郭娟娟,等.准噶尔盆地夏盐凸起多层系油气富集条件及勘探前景[J].石油学报,2023,44(4):583-597,635.
TANG Yong,WANG Yanjun,GUO Juanjuan,et al.Enrichment conditions and exploration prospects of oil and gas in multi-layer system in Xiayan uplift,Junggar Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2023,44(4):583-597,635.
[3] 李艳平,汪洋,向英杰,等.准噶尔盆地滴南凸起多层系油气富集条件及勘探前景[J].石油学报,2023,44(5):778-793.
LI Yanping,WANG Yang,XIANG Yingjie,et al.Hydrocarbon enrichment conditions and exploration prospects of multilayer system in Dinan salient of Junggar Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2023,44(5):778-793.
[4] 董雪梅,李静,潘拓,等.准噶尔盆地红车断裂带油气成藏条件及勘探潜力[J].石油学报,2023,44(5):748-764.
DONG Xuemei,LI Jing,PAN Tuo,et al.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and exploration potential of Hongche fault zone in Junggar Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2023,44(5):748-764.
[5] 杨雨,谢继容,曹正林,等.四川盆地天府气田沙溪庙组大型致密砂岩气藏形成条件及勘探开发关键技术[J].石油学报,2023,44(6):917-932.
YANG Yu,XIE Jirong,CAO Zhenglin,et al.Forming conditions and key technologies for exploration and development of large tight sandstone gas reservoirs in Shaximiao formation,Tianfu gas field of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2023,44(6):917-932.
[6] 刘向君,宴建军,罗平亚,等.利用测井资料评价岩石可钻性研究[J].天然气工业,2005,25(7):69-71.
LIU Xiangjun,YAN Jianjun,LUO Pingya,et al.Evaluation on rock drill-ability by well logging data[J].Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(7):69-71.
[7] 刘向君,孟英峰.岩石可钻性和钻速预测[J].天然气工业,1999,19(5):61-63.
LIU Xiangjun,MENG Yingfeng.Forecasting rock drillability and penetration rate[J].Natural Gas Industry,1999,19(5):61-63.
[8] WHITE C G.A rock drillability index[J].Rocks & Minerals,1969,44(7):490.
[9] HEAD A L.A drillability classification of geologic formations[D].Houston:Rice University,2017.
[10] ROLLOW A G.Estimating drillability in the laboratory[J].Rock Mechanics,1962.
[11] 张旭,翟应虎,李祖光,等.利用分形理论评价地层可钻性[J].石油学报,2010,31(1):124-128.
ZHANG Xu,ZHAI Yinghu,LI Zuguang,et al.Formation drillability evaluation using fractal theory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(1):124-128.
[12] 马海,王延江,魏茂安,等.地层可钻性级值预测新方法[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):761-765.
MA Hai,WANG Yanjiang,WEI Mao'an,et al.A novel method for predicting formation drillability[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):761-765.
[13] 祝效华,罗云旭,刘伟吉,等.等离子体电脉冲钻井破岩机理的电击穿实验与数值模拟方法[J].石油学报,2020,41(9):1146-1162.
ZHU Xiaohua,LUO Yunxu,LIU Weiji,et al.Electrical breakdown experiment and numerical simulation method of rock-breaking mechanism of plasma electric pulse drilling[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2020,41(9):1146-1162.
[14] 张辉,蔡志翔,陈安明,等.液相放电等离子体破岩室内实验与破岩机理[J].石油学报,2020,41(5):615-628.
ZHANG Hui,CAI Zhixiang,CHEN Anming,et al.Experiments and mechanism of rock breaking by the plasma shock wave generated by underwater discharge[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2020,41(5):615-628.
[15] CHEN Shuai,SHI Xiangchao,WANG Yuming,et al.Drillability characteristics of sandstone with different pores under simulated bottom hole conditions[J].IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2021,861(2):022055.
[16] CHEN Shuai,SHI Xiangchao,BAO Heng,et al.Experimental study of shale drillability with different bedding inclinations under varying wellbore pressure conditions[J].Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production,2021,11(4):1751-1759.
[17] SHI Xiangchao,WU Jie,GAO Leiyu,et al.Evaluation methods and standards for rock drillability in oil and gas drilling engineering in China:a review[J].IOP Conference Series:Earth and Environmental Science,2020,570(3):032057.
[18] MAO Shuai,SHI Xiangchao,MENG Yingfeng,et al.Experimental investigation of rock drillability for three rock types under varying wellbore pressure conditions[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2018,51(8):2439-2445.
[19] 李士斌,闫铁,李玮.地层岩石可钻性的分形表示方法[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):124-127.
LI Shibin,YAN Tie,LI Wei.Fractal representation of rock drillability[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):124-127.
[20] 史晓亮,段隆臣,王蕾,等.微钻法进行岩石可钻性分级[J].金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2002(3):32-34.
SHI Xiaoliang,DUAN Longchen,WANG Lei,et al.Classification of the drillability of stone by means of micro-drilling[J].Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2002(3):32-34.
[21] 石油勘探开发科学研究院钻井所.岩石可钻性测定及分级方法:SY 5426-1991[S].北京:石油工业出版社,1992:1-15.
Drilling Research Department of Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Development Institute.Rock drillability measurement and its classification:SY 5426-1991[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1992:1-15.
[22] 邹德永,尹宏锦.PDC钻头钻进的岩石可钻性研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1993,17(1):31-35.
ZOU Deyong,YIN Hongjin.Study on rock-drillability for PDC bit drilling[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,1993,17(1):31-35.
[23] 国家石油和化学工业局.岩石可钻性测定及分级方法:SY/T 5426-2000[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:3-31.
State Bureau of Petroleum and Chemical Industry.Rock drillability measurement and its classification:SY/T 5426-2000[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2000:3-31.
[24] 国家能源局.石油天然气钻井工程岩石可钻性测定与分级:SY/T 5426-2016[S].北京:石油工业出版社,2016:1-7.
National Energy Administration.Drilling engineering for the petroleum and natural gas-rock drillability measurement and its grading:SY/T 5426-2016[S].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2016:1-7.
[25] 尹宏锦.油田岩石可钻性统计分级法[J].石油学报,1982,4(8):75-82.
YIN Hongjin.Statistical classification of the drillability of the formations in oil fields[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica, 1982,4(8):75-82.
[26] 樊翼安,高学文.PDC钻头岩石可钻性分级研究[C]//岩石破碎理论与实践——全国第五届岩石破碎学术会论文选集.西安:中国岩石力学与工程学会,1992.
FAN Yi'an,GAO Xuewen.Research on rock drillability grading of PDC bits[C].Xi'an:Chinese society for Rock Mechanics & Engineering,1992.
[27] 唐胜利,曹小军,高欣,等.PDC切削齿后倾角与破岩关系的数值模拟[J].煤炭技术,2019,38(4):154-157.
TANG Shengli,CAO Xiaojun,GAO Xin,et al.Numerical simulation of relationship between back rake of PDC cutter and rock breaking[J].Coal Technology,2019,38(4):154-157.
[28] 陈红.PDC钻头岩石可钻性测定与分级方法研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2016.
CHEN Hong.Research on rock drillability measuring and grading method of PDC bit[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2016.
[29] 杨迎新,高翔,陈红,等.PDC钻头岩石可钻性测定与分级新方法研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2019,15(3):811-819.
YANG Yingxin,GAO Xiang,CHEN Hong,et al.A new method for measuring and grading of PDC bit rock drillability[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2019,15(3):811-819.
[30] 周已,唐艺凤,蒋阳,等.高速牙轮钻头螺旋组合密封流固耦合仿真及试验[J].石油学报,2022,43(4):558-570.
ZHOU Yi,TANG Yifeng,JIANG Yang,et al.Fluid-solid coupling simulation and tests of combined spiral seal for high-speed cone bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2022,43(4):558-570.

岩石可钻性测定方法的改进和优化建议

Suggestions for improvement and optimization of rock drillability determination methods

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	谭茂金, 武宏亮, 王思宇, 杜广慧, 白洋, 王谦. 中国海相页岩气测井评价技术进展与发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 241-260.
[2]	刘伟吉, 张有建, 罗云旭, 祝效华. 岩石内部高压电脉冲等离子体通道生成机理[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(4): 684-697.
[3]	丁骞, 甘利灯, 魏乐乐, 张宇生, 杨昊, 姜晓宇, 王峣钧. 双孔隙结构因子及其在储层渗透性地震预测中的应用[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(2): 339-347.
[4]	桑树勋, 郑司建, 王建国, 周效志, 刘世奇, 韩思杰, 赵伟光, 黄华州, 王冉, 汪吉林, 张志镇, 赵立明, 潘冬明, 陈同俊. 岩石力学地层新方法在深部煤层气勘探开发“甜点”预测中的应用[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(11): 1840-1853.
[5]	刘致水, 王康宁, 包乾宗, 李之旭. 致密砂岩储层岩石物理横波速度预测方法 ——以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(9): 1284-1294.
[6]	王福伟, 陈冬霞, 解广杰, 李士祥, 曾溅辉, 姚东升, 成铭. 鄂尔多斯盆地庆城地区延长组7段源-储结构控制下致密砂岩油的差异富集机制[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(7): 941-956,976.
[7]	路保平, 王志战, 张元春. 碳酸盐岩孔隙压力预监测理论与方法进展[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(4): 571-580.
[8]	王千, 杨胜来, 拜杰, 钱坤, 李佳峻. 非均质多层储层中CO₂驱替方式对驱油效果及储层伤害的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(7): 875-884,902.
[9]	马中高, 朱立华, 张卫华, 刘厚裕, 王猛. 雷州半岛南部玄武岩岩石物理特征[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(6): 702-710.
[10]	卞青, 陈琰, 张国卿, 刘润超, 王振东, 郭召杰. 柴达木盆地膏盐层岩石物理特征及其对构造变形的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(2): 197-204.
[11]	宋岩, 高凤琳, 唐相路, 陈磊, 王幸蒙. 海相与陆相页岩储层孔隙结构差异的影响因素[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(12): 1501-1512.
[12]	袁晓冬, 姜在兴, 张元福, 姜洪福. 滦平盆地白垩系陆相页岩油储层特征[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(10): 1197-1208.
[13]	何昌龙, 吕龑, 黄天俊, 李益, 郗诚, 钟光海, 吴仕虎, 杨广广, 干大勇. 基于岩石物理分析的页岩气叠前预测方法在川南威远地区的应用[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(10): 1209-1218.
[14]	刘军, 刘杰, 曹均, 文晓涛, 徐乐意, 陈人杰, 陈兆明. 基于岩石物理实验的储层与孔隙流体敏感参数特征——以珠江口盆地东部中-深层碎屑岩储层为例[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(s1): 197-205.
[15]	魏国齐, 郑雅丽, 邱小松, 孙军昌, 石磊, 赖欣. 中国地下储气库地质理论与应用[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(12): 1519-1530.