构造抬升对柴达木盆地北缘氦气富集的控制作用

doi:10.7623/syxb202503013

石油学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 649-660.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202503013

构造抬升对柴达木盆地北缘氦气富集的控制作用

陶刚¹, 秦胜飞², 齐雯¹, 李博¹, 周飞³, 雷涛³, 王铎³

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院甘肃兰州 730020;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
3. 中国石油青海油田公司甘肃敦煌 736202

收稿日期:2024-05-06 修回日期:2024-12-15 出版日期:2025-04-03 发布日期:2025-03-25
通讯作者: 秦胜飞,男,1969年11月生,1997年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师、博士生导师,主要从事天然气地质与地球化学、稀有气体地球化学、氦气富集机理及资源评价、油气成藏等研究工作。Email:qsf@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:陶刚,男,1999年4月生,2024年获中国矿业大学(北京)硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院助理工程师,主要从事油气伴生资源勘探与评价技术研究工作。Email:tao_g@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“中西部叠合盆地氦气富集机理与资源潜力”(No.42141022)、国家自然科学基金面上项目“富氦煤层气和页岩气藏氦气富集机理”(No.42272189)、中国石油天然气集团有限公司关键核心攻关项目“氦气资源评价与低成本提氦及运储关键技术研究”(2021ZG13)和中国石油天然气股份有限公司项目“中石油探区油气资源潜力、分布规律与勘探方向”(2023YQX201)资助。

Controlling effect of tectonic uplift on helium enrichment in the northern margin of Q aidam Basin

Tao Gang¹, Qin Shengfei², Qi Wen¹, Li Bo¹, Zhou Fei³, Lei Tao³, Wang Duo³

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development-Northwest, Gansu Lanzhou 730020, China;
2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
3. PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Gansu Dunhuang 736202, China

Received:2024-05-06 Revised:2024-12-15 Online:2025-04-03 Published:2025-03-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 柴达木盆地北缘(柴北缘)地区发现了东坪气田和马北气田等富氦气田,其氦气成因和来源尽管有初步探讨,但氦气分布特征及富集机理的研究还比较薄弱。基于对柴北缘地区的系统采样及天然气样品组分和同位素测试,结合研究区的基底分布和构造特征等地质背景资料,总结了柴北缘地区富氦气藏的分布特征,深度剖析了富氦气藏与贫氦气藏的地质背景差异。研究结果表明:在柴北缘地区目前的在产气田中,东坪气田、尖北气田和马北气田的氦气平均含量大于0.1%,为富氦气田;牛东气田、昆特依气田和南八仙气田为贫氦气田。柴北缘地区富氦气田具有坐落在古老花岗岩基底之上、分布在深大断裂附近、气藏边底水活跃、经历了喜马拉雅期大幅度构造抬升和气藏的含气丰度较低等特征。构造抬升对柴北缘地区的氦气富集的控制作用表现在:①构造抬升作用形成的断裂系统为氦气的运移提供了高效通道;②构造抬升作用为深部含氦地质流体的向上运移提供了动力;③构造抬升作用为氦气沿古老储层横向运移并不断富集创造了条件。

关键词: 柴达木盆地北缘, 氦气, 分布特征, 构造抬升, 控制作用

Abstract: Helium-rich fields such as Dongping gas field and Mabei gas field have been found in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin. Although the origin and source of helium have been discussed, the studies on the distribution characteristics and enrichment mechanism of helium are still relatively weak. Based on the systematical sampling of natural gas in the study area for component testing, in combination with the geological backgrounds such as basement distribution and tectonic features, this paper summarizes the distribution characteristics of helium-rich gas reservoirs in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin, and deeply analyzes the differences in geological backgrounds between helium-rich and helium-poor reservoirs. The results show that among the gas fields in production in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin, Dongping, Jianbei and Mabei gas fields are rich in helium, with the average helium content greater than 0.1 %, while Niudong, Kunteyi and Nanbaxian gas fields are helium-poor. In the study area, the helium-rich gas field is characterized by being situated on the top of an ancient granite basement, distributed near deep and large faults, boasting of active edge and bottom water, experiencing a large tectonic uplift during the Himalaya orogeny period, and having a low gas abundance in the gas reservoir. The controlling effects of tectonic uplift on helium enrichment in the northern margin of Qaidam Basin are as follows. (1)The fault system formed by tectonic uplifting provides an efficient channel for helium migration. (2)Tectonic uplift provides a driving force for the upward migration of deep helium-bearing geologic fluids. (3)Tectonic uplift creates the conditions for the transverse migration and continuous accumulation of helium along the old reservoirs.

Key words: northern margin of Qaidam Basin, helium, distribution characteristics, tectonic uplift, controlling effect

中图分类号:

TE132.3

陶刚, 秦胜飞, 齐雯, 李博, 周飞, 雷涛, 王铎. 构造抬升对柴达木盆地北缘氦气富集的控制作用[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(3): 649-660.

Tao Gang, Qin Shengfei, Qi Wen, Li Bo, Zhou Fei, Lei Tao, Wang Duo. Controlling effect of tectonic uplift on helium enrichment in the northern margin of Q aidam Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(3): 649-660.

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构造抬升对柴达木盆地北缘氦气富集的控制作用

Controlling effect of tectonic uplift on helium enrichment in the northern margin of Q aidam Basin

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