砾岩油藏水驱与聚合物驱微观渗流机理差异

doi:10.7623/syxb201611010

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (11): 1414-1427.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201611010

砾岩油藏水驱与聚合物驱微观渗流机理差异

谭锋奇^1,2, 许长福³, 王晓光³, 陈玉琨³, 程宏杰³, 张记刚³, 彭寿昌³

1. 中国科学院大学地球科学学院北京 100049;
2. 中国科学院计算地球动力学重点实验室北京 100049;
3. 中国石油新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院新疆克拉玛依 834000

收稿日期:2016-01-21 修回日期:2016-07-29 出版日期:2016-11-25 发布日期:2016-12-10
通讯作者: 谭锋奇,男,1984年4月生,2005年获中国石油大学(北京)学士学位,2010年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国科学院大学地球科学学院讲师,主要从事油气田开发及储层评价方面的研究工作。Email:tanfengqi@ucas.ac.cn
作者简介:谭锋奇,男,1984年4月生,2005年获中国石油大学(北京)学士学位,2010年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国科学院大学地球科学学院讲师,主要从事油气田开发及储层评价方面的研究工作。Email:tanfengqi@ucas.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院大学校部青年教师科研启动基金项目（55103BY00）和中国石油天然气集团公司重大科技专项（2011B-1104）资助。

Differences in microscopic porous flow mechanisms of water flooding and polymer flooding for conglomerate reservoir

Tan Fengqi^1,2, Xu Changfu³, Wang Xiaoguang³, Chen Yukun³, Cheng Hongjie³, Zhang Jigang³, Peng Shouchang³

1. College of Earth Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Computational Geodynamics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China

Received:2016-01-21 Revised:2016-07-29 Online:2016-11-25 Published:2016-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

砾岩油藏特殊的沉积环境导致储层孔隙结构呈现复模态特征，渗流系统以“稀网-非网状”流态为主，水驱与聚合物驱微观渗流机理及两者差异的研究成为油藏提高采收率的难点和关键。克拉玛依油田属于典型的砾岩油藏，选取实际岩心为研究对象，采用CT扫描技术研究了亲水和弱亲油岩石的水驱和聚合物驱微观驱替机理，并且在驱油效率影响因素分析的基础上，建立了2种驱替方式下砾岩油藏的最终采收率计算模型。实验结果表明：砾岩油藏亲水岩石水驱与聚合物驱渗流机理均以沿岩石表面“爬行”驱替为主，而弱亲油岩石则均以沿孔隙中部“突进”驱替为主，由于渗流机理的差异性，亲水岩石水驱后残余油主要在细喉道及孔隙交汇处赋存，聚合物溶液通过更强的剪切拖拽作用把这些残余油切割成许多小油滴，进而随着聚合物溶液顺利通过狭窄的喉道向前运动，以达到提高油藏采收率的目的；弱亲油岩石水驱后残余油主要以油膜形态及细孔道赋存为主，聚合物溶液以更强的剪切应力促使油膜通过桥接连通和形成油丝2种方式从颗粒表面被聚合物驱替带走。由于聚合物溶液与注入水溶液的性质存在本质差别，导致复模态的孔隙结构对聚合物溶液渗流和驱替的影响远小于水驱溶液。因此，针对2种不同润湿性的岩石，储层孔隙结构是水驱油效率的主控因素，物性和含油性的影响较小，而聚合物驱效果则与水驱后残余油饱和度具有较好的相关性，利用建立的模型可以有效地预测2个驱替阶段油藏的采收率。

关键词: 砾岩油藏, 聚合物驱, 孔隙结构, 微观渗流机理, 剩余油分布特征, 采收率模型

Abstract:

The special depositional environment of conglomerate reservoir leads to a pore structure characterized by complex modal, and the porous flow system is dominated by "sparse reticular-non reticular" flow pattern. The study on the microscopic porous flow mechanisms of water flooding and polymer flooding as well as their differences becomes the difficulty and key for enhancing oil recovery. Karamay oilfield has typical conglomerate reservoir, of which the actual cores were selected as research objects. Meanwhile, CT scanning technology was adopted to study the microscopic porous flow mechanisms of water flooding and polymer flooding for hydrophilic and lipophilic rocks. Based on analyzing the influence factors of oil flooding efficiency, the final oil recovery calculation models of conglomerate reservoir were established for two flooding modes. Experimental results show that the porous flow mechanisms of water flooding and polymer flooding for hydroplilic rocks are both dominated by "crawling" flooding, while those for weak lipoplilic rocks are dominated by "inrushing" flooding along pore center. Due to the differences in porous flow mechanism, the residual oil of hydrophilic rock after water flooding mainly exists at the junctions of fine throats and pores. The residual oil are cut into many small oil droplets by the strong shearing and drag effect of polymer solution, and then successfully crosses narrow throats forwards along with polymer solution, resulting in achieving the purpose of enhancing oil recovery. The residual oil of weak lipophilic rock after water flooding mainly exists as an oil-film state in fine pore-throats. The strong shear stress of polymer solution enables these oil films can be brought away from particle surface through polymer flooding in two ways including bridging communication and formation of oil thread. Due to the essential differences in nature between polymer solution and injection water solution, the displacement and porous flow of polymer solution is far less impacted by complex modal pore structure as compared with water flooding solution. Therefore, as for two kinds of conglomerate rocks with different wettability, pore structure is the main controlling factor of water flooding efficiency, and the reservoir properties and oil saturation have relatively smaller influence. Meanwhile, the polymer flooding efficiency has a good correlation to residual oil saturation after water flooding. Thus, the established model is able to effectively predict the oil recovery in two flooding stages.

Key words: conglomerate reservoir, polymer flooding, pore structure, microscopic porous flow mechanism, residual oil distribution characteristic, oil recovery model

中图分类号:

TE357.4

谭锋奇, 许长福, 王晓光, 陈玉琨, 程宏杰, 张记刚, 彭寿昌. 砾岩油藏水驱与聚合物驱微观渗流机理差异[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(11): 1414-1427.

Tan Fengqi, Xu Changfu, Wang Xiaoguang, Chen Yukun, Cheng Hongjie, Zhang Jigang, Peng Shouchang. Differences in microscopic porous flow mechanisms of water flooding and polymer flooding for conglomerate reservoir[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(11): 1414-1427.

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砾岩油藏水驱与聚合物驱微观渗流机理差异

Differences in microscopic porous flow mechanisms of water flooding and polymer flooding for conglomerate reservoir

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