Abstract: According to the mechanical behaviors of in-service oil drilling derrick, the simulation model for forecasting the ultimate bearing capacity of oil drilling derrick was established on the basis of the double nonlinear theory. Taking the testing stresses as the key indicators and the relevant design parameters as the updating objects, the updating theory for simulation model was studied. The destruction test and analogue simulation of the oil drilling derrick model in laboratory were carried out. The experimental results showed that the actual destruction point was basically consistent with that of analogue simulation. The simulated error of the ultimate bearing capacity was also small, which verifies the correctness of this simulation model. The simulation analysis of A-shaped and K-shaped oil drilling derricks widely used in oilfield was made on the basis of dynamic strain testing. The ultimate bearing capacity, the relations between loading and stress, the structural failure mode and dangerous points of the derricks were determined. Those results provided the important reference for safety and steady operation of oil drilling derricks.

Key words: oil drilling derrick, ultimate bearing capacity, simulation model, double nonlinear theory, testing stress, model-updating theory

摘要： 针对在役石油钻机井架的力学特征,建立了基于双重非线性理论的极限承载仿真模型。研究了以在役钻机井架杆件的测试应力为重要指标,与应力有关的设计参数作为修正对象的仿真模型修正理论。对实验室内钻机井架模型进行的极限承载性能实验和仿真预测研究结果表明,井架模型的实际破坏位置与仿真预测结果基本一致,极限承载力误差很小。依据现场动载应变试验,应用该仿真模型分析了在油田上广泛使用的A形和K形石油钻机井架的极限承载性能,得到了井架结构的极限承载力、载荷与应力的关系以及井架破坏形式和危险部位,为钻机井架的安全平稳运行提供了重要的参考依据。

关键词: 石油钻机井架, 极限承载力, 仿真模型, 双重非线性理论, 测试应力, 模型修正