Abstract: The affecting mechanism of new amphoteric betaine surfactant on residual oil in dead-end,prismatic residual oil and residual oil film on the wall of channel after water flooding was experimentally studied by micro model for oil displacement.The displacement and migration process and mechanisms of those residual oils were analyzed.The effects of the new amphoteric betaine surfactant on residual oil and the possibility for enhancing oil-displacement efficiency after polymer flooding were studied.The microscopic oil-displacement mechanism of surfactant solution could be perfected.The study shows that enhancing oil-displacement efficiency by surfactant was controlled by the effects of ultra-low interfacial tension and the inversion of wettability.

Key words: polymer flooding, surfactant, oil-displacement efficiency, wettability, interfacial tension, oil-displacement mechanism

摘要： 利用新研制的甜菜碱两性表面活性剂及微观模型驱油实验,研究了两性表面活性剂驱油体系对水驱后盲端类残余油、柱状类残余油和油膜类残余油的作用机理,分析了这类残余油被驱替和运移过程及启动和运移机理,论述了该驱油体系对聚合物驱后残余油的作用和提高驱油效率的可能性,进一步完善了表面活性剂体系的微观驱油机理。研究结果表明,用表面活性剂提高采收率主要是通过超低界面张力作用和润湿反转作用。

关键词: 聚合物驱, 表面活性剂, 驱油效率, 润湿性, 界面张力, 驱油机理