Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods

doi:10.7623/syxb201203011

Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 419-427.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201203011

• Petroleum Exploration • Previous Articles Next Articles

Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods

TIAN Hua　ZHANG Shuichang　LIU Shaobo　ZHANG Hong

Received:2011-11-19 Revised:2012-02-12 Online:2012-05-25 Published:2012-07-20

压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征

田　华　张水昌　柳少波　张　洪

中国石油勘探开发研究院　北京　100083

通讯作者: 田　华
作者简介:田　华，男，1986年12月生，2009年获中国矿业大学学士学位，现为中国石油勘探开发研究院在读硕士研究生，主要从事页岩储层孔隙结构与吸附性研究。
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项“天然气生气机理、资源评价与战略选区”（2011ZX05007-001）、国家重点基础研究发展规划（973）项目“高丰度煤层气富集区形成机理”（2009CB219601）和中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技攻关项目“油气勘探新领域、新理论、新方法、新技术研究”（2011A-0203）资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

The porosity of gas shale is comparatively low, commonly in a macropore to nano-scale range. In order to effectively assay pores of gas shale, mercury injection and gas adsorption methods were applied, respectively, to determining different porosity of organic-rich shale. The gas adsorption of carbon dioxide at 0℃ (D-R), capable of the access to the porosity as fine as 0.35 nm, was chosen to determine micropores (<2 nm). Mesopores (2~50 nnm) were determined using the nitrogen adsorption (at -196℃) method (BET theory) while macropores (>50 nm) measured with the high-pressure mercury injection method. Therefore, a combination of mercury-injection data with low-pressure nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption analyses can provide a more comprehensive assessment of different pore-size distributions. Characteristics of different pores in typical marine and lacustrine shales in China and their influencing factors were recognized by means of the above-mentioned approach as follows: ①pores are well developed in marine shales of the Sichuan Basin and the highest porosity is found in the Niutitang and Wufeng Formation shale; ②macropores in shales develop mostly related to minerals, while micro and mesopores develop mainly related to organic matter; ③with the increase of thermal maturity, organic pores in shales becomes gradually larger.

Key words: shale, pore feature, mercury-injection method, gas adsorption method;controlling fator

摘要：

页岩储层孔隙由宏观裂缝到微观纳米级孔隙构成，具有较低的孔隙度。为了对页岩孔隙进行有效分析，将页岩中的孔隙分为3类并分别运用相应的方法对其进行测定：①页岩中的微孔（<2 nm）应用CO₂低温吸附法（D-R方法）测定；②介孔（2~50 nm）应用N₂低温吸附法（BET理论）测定；③宏孔（>50 nm）应用高压压汞法测定，进而对孔隙分布进行全面分析。利用以上方法对中国典型海相和湖相页岩孔隙进行测定并分析孔隙发育控制因素后发现：①四川盆地海相页岩孔隙发育，其中牛蹄塘组、五峰组较好；②页岩中宏孔主要与矿物相关，微孔、介孔主要与有机质相关；③随着热演化程度升高，页岩中有机孔隙逐渐增大。

关键词: 页岩, 孔隙特征, 压汞法, 气体吸附法, 控制因素

TIAN Hua　ZHANG Shuichang　LIU Shaobo　ZHANG Hong. Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2012, 33(3): 419-427.

田　华　张水昌　柳少波　张　洪. 压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(3): 419-427.

References

[1]韩建斌.页岩气藏中孔裂隙特征及其作用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2011,37(2):147-148.

Han Jianbin.Mechanism of presence and mode of fractures in shale gas[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2011,37(2):147-148.

[2]张雪芬，陆现彩，张林晔，等.页岩气的赋存形式研究及其石油地质意义[J].地球科学进展,2010,25(6):597-604.

Zhang Xuefen，Lu Xiancai，Zhang Linye,et al.Occurrences of shale gas and their petroleum geological significance[J].Advances in Earth Science,2010,25(6):597-604.

[3]Chalmers G R L,Bustin R M.The organic matter distribution and methane capacity of the Lower Cretaceous strata of Northeastern British Columbia,Canada[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2007,70(1/3):223-239.

[4]Loucks R G,Reed R M,Ruppel S C,et al.Morphology,genesis,and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett shale[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2009,79:848-861.

[5]Hill R J,Etuan Zhang,Katz B J,et al.Modeling of gas generation from the Barnett Shale,Fort Worth Basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):501-521.

[6]Bustin R M,Bustin A,Ross D,et al.Shale gas opportunities and challenges[R].San Antonio,Texas:AAPG Annual Convention,2008.

[7]Ross D J K,Bustin R M.The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26(6):916-927.

[8]杨侃，陆现彩，刘显东，等.基于探针气体吸附等温线的矿物材料表征技术：Ⅱ.多孔材料的孔隙结构[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2006, 25(4):362-368.

Yang Kan,Lu Xiancai,Liu Xiandong,et al.Characterization technique Ⅱ of mineral material based on probe gas adsorption isotherm:nano-pore structure of porous material[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy ,Petrology and Geochemistry,2006,25(4):362-368.

[9]Chalmers G R L,Bustin R M.Lower Cretaceous gas shales in northeastern British Columbia,Part I:geological controls on methane sorption capacity[J].Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,2008,56(1):1-21.

[10]Rouquerol J,Avnir D,Fairbridge C W,et al.Recommendations for the characterization of porous solids[J].Pure & Applied Chemistry,1994,66(8):1739-1785.

[11]近藤精一，石川达雄，安部郁夫，等.吸附科学[M].李国希，译.北京：化学工业出版社，2010.

Seiichi Kondo,Tatsuo Ishikawa,Ikuo Abe,et al.Adsorption Science[M].Translated by Li Guoxi.Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010.

[12]谢晓永，唐洪明，王春华，等．氮气吸附法和压汞法在测试泥页岩孔径分布中的对比[J].天然气工业，2006,26(12):100-102．

Xie Xiaoyong,Tang Hongming,Wang Chunhua,et al.Contrast of nitrogen adsorption method and mercury porosimetry method in analysis of shale’s pore size distribution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(12):100-102．

[13]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 19587-2004 气体吸附BET法测定固态物质比表面积[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2004.

SAC.GB/T 19587-2004 Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption using the BET method[S].Beijing:China Standards Publishing House,2004.

[14]赵志根，唐修义.低温氮吸附法测试煤中微孔隙及其意义[J].煤田地质与勘探，2001,29（5）:28-30.

Zhao Zhigen,Tang Xiuyi.Study of micropore in coal by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method and its significance[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2001,29（5）:28-30.

[15]张志，杜杰，宋宏志.低温氮气吸附法研究海绵钯比表面积和孔径分布[J].稀有金属，2011，35(3):411-416.

Zhang Zhi，Du Jie，Zhu Hongzhi. Surface area and pore distribution of sponge palladium by low temperature nitrogen adsorption method[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2011,35(3):411-416.

[16]刘培生.多孔材料孔径及孔径分布的测定方法[J].钛工业进展，2006,23（2）：29-34.

Liu Peisheng.Determining methods for aperture and aperture distribution of porous materials[J].Titanium Industry Progress，2006,23（2）：29-34.

[17]刘显东，陆现彩，侯庆锋，等.基于吸附等温线的表面分形研究及其地球科学应用[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(2):201-206.

Liu Xiandong,Lu Xiancai,Hou Qingfeng,et al.A feasible method for fractal study using gas adsorption isotherm and its application in earth sciences[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005, 20(2): 201-206.

[18]Curtis M E,Amebrose R J,Rai C S.Structural characterization of gas shales on the micro- and nano-scales[R].Calgary,Alberta,Canada:Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference,2010.

[19]邹才能，陶士振，侯连华，等.非常规油气地质[M].北京：地质出版社，2011.

Zou Caineng,Tao Shizhen,Hou Lianhua,et al.Unconventional petroleum geology[M].Beijng:Geological Publishing House,2011.

[20]张金川，聂海宽，徐波，等.四川盆地页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):151-156.

Zhang Jinchuan,Nie Haikuan,Xu Bo,et al.Geological condition of shale gas accumulation in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):151-156.

[21]聂海宽，唐玄，边瑞康.页岩气成藏控制因素及中国南方页岩气发育有利区预测[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):484-491.

Nie Haikuan,Tang Xuan,Bian Ruikang.Controlling factors for shale gas accumulation and prediction of potential development area in shale gas reservoir of South China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):484-491.

[22]邹才能，董大忠，王社教，等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.

Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geological characteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shale gas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Developmemt,2010,37(6):641-653.

[23]苏现波，林晓英.煤层气地质学[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社，2007.

Su Xianbo,Lin Xiaoying.Coalbed methane geology[M].Beijing:Coal Industry Press,2007.

[24]陈尚斌，朱炎铭，王红岩，等.中国页岩气研究现状与发展趋势[J].石油学报，2010,31(4):689-694.

Chen Shangbin,Zhu Yanming,Wang Hongyan,et al.Research status and trends of shale gas in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010,31(4):689-694.

[25]陈尚斌，朱炎铭，王红岩，等.四川盆地南缘下志留统龙马溪组页岩气储层矿物成分特征及意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(5):775-782.

Chen Shangbin,Zhu Yanming,Wang Hongyan,et al.Characteristics and significance of mineral compositions of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoir in the southern margin of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(5):775-782.

[26]蒲泊伶，蒋有录，王毅，等.四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件及有利地区分析[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):225-230.

Pu Boling,Jiang Youlu,Wang Yi,et al.Reservoir-forming conditions and favorable exploration zones of shale gas in Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):225-230.

[27]张水昌，朱光有.四川盆地海相天然气富集成藏特征与勘探潜力[J].石油学报，2006,27（5）：1-8.

Zhang Shuichang,Zhu Guangyou.Gas accumulation characteristics and exploration potential of marine sediments in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica，2006,27（5）：1-8.

[28]聂海宽，张金川，李玉喜.四川盆地及其周缘下寒武统页岩气聚集条件[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):959-967.

Nie Haikuan,Zhang Jinchuan,Li Yuxi.Accumulation conditions of the Lower Cambrian shale gas in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(6):959-967.

Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods

压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Zou Caineng, Yu Rongze, Zhao Qun, Zhang Xiaowei, Chen Yanpeng, Dong Dazhong, Zhao Suping, Sun Qinping. North American shale revolution and its implications: a full-chain data-driven analysis of 100 000 wells in the Permian super unconventional hydrocarbon basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 947-960.
[2]	Liu Huimin, Zhang Kuihua, Li Junliang, Liu Peng, Wang Yong, Zhou Guangqing, Teng Jianbin, Zhang Shun, Zhu Rifang, Miao Zhuowei. Geological characteristics of clay-rich hybrid shale and exploration breakthroughs of shale oil in Jiyang depression,Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 961-973.
[3]	Tian Hua, Zhao Xiaolin, Guo Xiaowen, Yuan Shengqiang, Li Zhiyun. Quantitative evaluation of shale oil in different occurrence states based on light hydrocarbon recovery: a case study of the Fengcheng Formation shale in Mahu sag,Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 1014-1023.
[4]	Zeng Fanhui, Jiang Jing, Guo Jianchun, Zhang Yu, Liu Xiaohua. Gas mass transfer model accounting for shale anisotropic characteristics [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 1064-1079.
[5]	Jiang Han, Xian Chenggang, Hong Haitao, Zhang Benjian, Zhao Rongrong, Huang Zisang, Qiu Yuchao, Zhou Hongfei, Han Luyuan. Breakthrough and implications of shale oil exploration in the Jurassic Lianggaoshan Formation at Well Lutan1 in Bashansi syncline of eastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(4): 721-738.
[6]	Wang Wendong, Deng Yuxuan, Yuan Bin, Lei Zhengdong, Ke Can, Jia Feng, Su Yuliang. Energy management optimization for shale oil development driven by the integrated wind-photovoltaic-geothermal-grid energy system [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(4): 934-946.
[7]	Bai Xuefeng, Lu Jiamin, Zhang Jinyou, Kang Dejiang, Wang Jinwei, Yu Dan, Liu Lijuan. Exploration breakthrough of interbedded shale oil in the Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in northern Songliao Basin and its major significance [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(3): 511-521.
[8]	Xiong Liang, Wei Limin, Feng Shaoke, Xiong Zhangkai, Li Nanying. Accumulation conditions as well as key exploration and development technologies of Yongchuan shale gas field in Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(3): 692-705.
[9]	Wei Zhihong, Wei Xiangfeng, Shi Wenbin, Chen Chao, Liu Xiaojing, Wang Daojun, Wang Dongsheng, Shi Meijing. Geological characteristics and key exploration technologies of Fuxing oilfield in Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(3): 706-720.
[10]	Shan Chang'an, Fei Yue, Liang Xing, Zou Chen, Shu Honglin, Wang Gaocheng, Zhang Zhao, Jiang Liwei, Rui Yun, Zhang Hanbing, Mei Jue, Zhang Chao, Gu Xiaomin, Shi Shiling. Comprehensive analysis of low-resistivity marine shale of Longmaxi Formation in Da’an area,western Chongqing: dominant role of water as well as other secondary factors [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(2): 394-407.
[11]	Li Yong, Huang Meng, Lei Zhengdong, Yang Yang, Hou Lianhua, Hou Xiulin, Li Shuai, Hu Shuiqing, Wang Libin, Yang Lifeng, Dong Ruojing. Differentiated geoscience-engineering integrated development strategies for continental shale oil in China [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(2): 437-454.
[12]	Zhao Jinzhou, Yang Junsong, Wei Bing, Wang Xiangzeng, Zhou Bo, Wang Lele, Zhang Xiang, Kadet Valeriy. Research progress and field practice of CO₂ utilization and storage in tight/shale oil and gas reservoirs [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(1): 134-154.
[13]	Jiang Fujie, Zhang Chenxi, Chen Di, Zheng Xiaowei, Zhang Yuqi, Li Jijun, Fan Xiaoqi, Guo Tingwei, Wang Xiaohao, Hu Tao. Research status on oil content of continental shale and a new grading assessment method of resource potential [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(9): 1661-1676.
[14]	Song Yan, Wan Chengxiang. Mechanisms and differences of self-sealing in shale gas reservoirs of Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(9): 1677-1687.
[15]	Zhang Qin, Liu Yu, Qiu Zhen, Liu Wen, Kong Weiliang, Pang Zhenglian, Gao Wanli, Cai Guangyin, Li Xingtao, Lin Wenji. Phase analysis of shale gas occurrence based on carbon isotope fractionation and reservoir properties:a case study of the marine-terrestrial transitional shale in Member 2 of Shanxi Formation, Ordos Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(9): 1707-1719.