Types,sedimentary characteristics and genetic mechanisms of deep-water gravity flows: a case study of the middle submember in Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Jiyang depression

doi:10.7623/syxb201509003

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2015, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (9): 1048-1059.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201509003

• Petroleum Exploration • Previous Articles Next Articles

Types,sedimentary characteristics and genetic mechanisms of deep-water gravity flows: a case study of the middle submember in Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Jiyang depression

Yang Tian, Cao Yingchang, Wang Yanzhong, Zhang Shaomin

School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China

Received:2015-03-20 Revised:2015-07-05 Online:2015-09-25 Published:2015-09-30

深水重力流类型、沉积特征及成因机制——以济阳坳陷沙河街组三段中亚段为例

杨田, 操应长, 王艳忠, 张少敏

中国石油大学地球科学与技术学院, 山东青岛 266580

通讯作者: 操应长,男,1969年1月生,1992年获石油大学(华东)沉积地质学专业学士学位,2003年获中国科学院广州地球化学研究所博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)教授、博士生导师,主要从事沉积学、层序地层学及油气储层地质学方面的教学与科研工作。Email:cyc8391680@163.com
作者简介:杨田,男,1989年9月生,2011年获中国石油大学(华东)地质学专业学士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)博士研究生,主要从事沉积学和油气储层地质学研究工作。Email:yangtian9645@126.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05006-003)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(14CX06070A)资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

The deep-water gravity flow in the middle submember of Member 3, Shanghejie Formation, Jiyang depression was taken as the research object in this study. Based on the differences in sediment composition structure, concentration, transportation-sedimentation mode and fluid rheological characteristics, a study was carried out on the types, sedimentary characteristics and genetic mechanisms of deep-water gravity flow. In the middle submember of Member 3, Shanghejie Formation, Jiyang depression, deep-water gravity flow was classified into debris flow and turbidity current. The former was primarily divided into muddy debris flow with structural matrix effect and sandy debris flow with composition matrix effect based on the matrix content and structure difference in debris-flow sediments; according to trigger mechanism and sedimentary facies sequence characteristics, the latter was divided into two types, i.e., surge-like turbidity current resulting from sediment slump, and quasi-steady turbidity current (density flow) resulting from flood. The sediments of muddy debris flow were mostly composed of thick-massive matrix-supported conglomerate and clastics-bearing sandy mudstone, where there is abrupt contact with top and bottom surface. The sediments of sandy debris flow also mainly consisted of thick-massive sandstones and gravel-bearing sandstones, showing abrupt contact with top and bottom surface and reverse graded bed sequence. Moreover, mudstone tearing clastics and floating boulder clays were mostly developed at the middle and top of sedimentary facies sequence. The sediments of surge-like turbidity current primarily consisted of medium-fine sandstones and siltstones, where complete or incomplete Bouma sequence was developed with scouring-filling structure. The sediments of quasi-steady turbidity current were dominated by gravel-bearing coarse sandstones, medium-fine sandstones and siltstones, and developed in reversed normal graded bed sequence and normal graded bed sequence. In the inner facies sequence, abrupt contact surface or erosion interface was developed with climbing beddings and carbonaceous laminae. The sediments of deep-water gravity flow caused by slumping were dominated by an assemblage of debris flow and surge-like turbidity current, including partial sliding and slumping associated sediments. The sediments of deep-water gravity flow resulting from flood were dominated by an assemblage of debris flow and quasi-steady turbidity current.

Key words: muddy debris flow, sandy debris flow, surge-like turbidite current, quasi-steady hyperpycnal turbidite current, genetic mechanism, deep-water gravity flow, Jiyang depression

摘要：

以济阳坳陷沙河街组三段中亚段(沙三中亚段)深水重力流沉积为研究对象,结合其沉积物成分结构、浓度、搬运沉降方式及流体流变学特征的差异,对该深水重力流类型、沉积特征及成因机制进行了研究。济阳坳陷沙三中亚段深水重力流包含碎屑流和浊流2种类型,碎屑流沉积根据杂基含量和结构差异,分为起结构杂基作用的泥质碎屑流和起成分杂基作用的砂质碎屑流;浊流根据其触发机制、沉积相序特征,分为沉积物滑塌成因的似涌浪浊流和洪水成因的准稳态浊流(异重流)。泥质碎屑流沉积物多为厚层块状杂基支撑砾岩、含碎屑砂质泥岩等,顶、底面与泥岩突变接触;砂质碎屑流沉积多为厚层块状砂岩、含砾砂岩,顶、底面与泥岩突变接触,可见逆粒序,泥岩撕裂屑和漂浮泥砾多在沉积相序中上部发育。似涌浪浊流沉积以中细砂岩、粉砂岩为主,发育完整或不完整的鲍马序列,可见冲刷充填构造;准稳态浊流沉积以含砾粗砂岩、中细砂岩、粉砂岩为主,逆正粒序、正粒序沉积发育,相序内部可发育突变接触面或侵蚀界面,上攀层理、炭质纹层发育。滑塌成因深水重力流沉积以碎屑流和似涌浪浊流沉积组合为主,包含部分的滑动滑塌伴生沉积;洪水成因深水重力流沉积以碎屑流和准稳态浊流沉积组合为主。

关键词: 泥质碎屑流, 砂质碎屑流, 似涌浪浊流, 准稳态浊流, 成因机制, 深水重力流, 济阳坳陷

CLC Number:

TE122.1

Yang Tian, Cao Yingchang, Wang Yanzhong, Zhang Shaomin. Types,sedimentary characteristics and genetic mechanisms of deep-water gravity flows: a case study of the middle submember in Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Jiyang depression[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2015, 36(9): 1048-1059.

杨田, 操应长, 王艳忠, 张少敏. 深水重力流类型、沉积特征及成因机制——以济阳坳陷沙河街组三段中亚段为例[J]. 石油学报, 2015, 36(9): 1048-1059.

References

[1] Shanmugam G.New perspectives on deep-water sandstones:implications[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(3):316-324.
[2] Talling P J,Allin J,Armitage D A,et al.Key future directions for research on turbidity currents and their deposits[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2015,85(2):153-168.
[3] Haughton P,Davis C,McCaffrey W,et al.Hybrid sediment gravity flow deposits-classification,origin and significance[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26(10):1900-1918.
[4] Yang Tian,Cao Yingchang,Wang Yanzhong,et al.Status and trends in research on deep-water gravity flow deposits[J].Acta Geologica Sinica:English Edition.2015,89(2):610-631.
[5] 杨田,操应长,王艳忠,等.异重流沉积动力学过程及沉积特征[J].地质论评,2015,61(1):23-33.
Yang Tian,Cao Yingchang,Wang Yanzhong,et al.Sediment dynamics process and sedimentary characteristics of hyperpycnal flows[J].Geological Review,2015,61(1):23-33.
[6] Amy L A,Peakall J,Talling P J.Density- and viscosity-stratified gravity currents:insight from laboratory experiments and implications for submarine flow deposits[J].Sedimentary Geology,2005,179(1/2):5-29.
[7] Loucks R G,Ruppel S C.Mississippian Barnett Shale:lithofacies and depositional setting of a deep-water shale-gas succession in the Fort Worth Basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):579-601.
[8] Bagnold R A.Auto-suspension of transported sediment; turbidity currents[J].Proceeding of the Royal Society of London.Series A,Mathematical and Physical Scien ces,1962,265(1322):315-319.
[9] Middleton G V,Hampton M A.Sediment-gravity flows:mechanics of flow and deposition[M]//Middleton G V,Bouma A H.Turbidites and deep-water sedimentation:short course lecture notes,Part I.Los Angeles:AAPG,1973:1-38.
[10] Sanders J E.Primary sedimentary structures formed by turbidity currents and related resedimentation mechanisms[M]//Middleton G V.Primary sedimentary structures and their hydrodynamic interpretation.Tulsa:SEPM,1965:192-219.
[11] Dott R H.Dynamics of subaqueous gravity depositional processes[J].AAPG Bulletin,1963,47(1):104-128.
[12] Shanmugam G.High-density turbidity currents; are they sandy debris flows?[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1996,66(1):2-10.
[13] Mulder T,Alexander J.The physical character of subaqueous sedimentary density flows and their deposits[J].Sedimentology,2001,48(2):269-299.
[14] Gani M R.From turbid to lucid:a straightforward approach to sediment gravity flows and their deposits[J].The Sedimentary Record,2004,2(3):4-8.
[15] Talling P J,Masson D G,Sumner E J,et al.Subaqueous sediment density flows:depositional processes and deposit types[J].Sedimentology,2012,59(7):1937-2003.
[16] 李相博,卫平生,刘化清,等.浅谈沉积物重力流分类与深水沉积模式[J].地质论评,2013,59(4):607-614.
Li Xiangbo,Wei Pingsheng,Liu Huaqing,et al.Discussion on the classification of sediment gravity flow and the deep-water sedimentary model[J].Geological Review,2013,59(4):607-614.
[17] 顾家裕,郭彬程,张兴阳.中国陆相盆地层序地层格架及模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(5):11-15.
Gu Jiayu,Guo Bincheng,Zhang Xingyang.Sequence stratigraphic framework and model of the continental basins in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(5):11-15.
[18] Gilluly J.Geologic contrasts between continents and ocean basins[J].GSA Special Papers,1955,62:7-18.
[19] 莫午零,吴朝东,张顺.松辽盆地北部嫩江组沉积物重力流形成机制[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(3):555-565.
Mo Wuling,Wu Chaodong,Zhang Shun.Generation mechanism of sediment gravity flow of Nenjiang Formation in the north Songliao Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(3):555-565.
[20] 王永诗,李政,巩建强,等.济阳坳陷页岩油气评价方法——以沾化凹陷罗家地区为例[J].石油学报,2013,43(1):83-91.
Wang Yongshi,Li Zheng,Gong Jianqiang,et al.Discussion on an evaluation method of shale oil and gas in Jiyang depression:a case study on Luojia area in Zhanhua sag[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,43(1):83-91.
[21] Wang J D,Li S Z,Santosh M,et al.Lacustrine turbidites in the Eocene Shahejie Formation,Dongying sag,Bohai Bay Basin,North China Craton[J].Geological Journal,2013,48(5):561-578.
[22] 李林,曲永强,孟庆任,等.重力流沉积:理论研究与野外识别[J].沉积学报,2011,29(4):677-688.
Li Lin,Qu Yongqiang,Meng Qingren,et al.Gravity flow sedimentation:theoretical studies and field identification[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2011,29(4):677-688.
[23] Shanmugam G.50 years of the turbidite Paradigm (1950s-1990s):deep-water processes and facies models-a critical perspective[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17(2):285-342.
[24] Mohrig D,Elverhøi A,Parker G.Experiments on the relative mobility of muddy subaqueous and subaerial debris flows,and their capacity to remobilize antecedent deposits[J].Marine Geology,1999,154(1/4): 117-129.
[25] Johnson A M.Physical processes in geology[M].San Francisco:Freeman,1970:577.
[26] 王德坪.湖相内成碎屑流的沉积及形成机理[J].地质学报,1991,65(4):299-316.
Wang Deping.The sedimentation and formation mechanism of lacustrine endogenic debris flow[J].Acta Geological Sinica,1991,65(4):299-316.
[27] Hampton M.Competence of fine-grained debris flows[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1975,45(4):834-844.
[28] Rodine J D,Johnson A M.The ability of debris,heavily freighted with coarse clastic materials,to flow on gentle slopes[J].Sedimentology,1976,23(2):213-234.
[29] 鲜本忠,万锦峰,董艳蕾,等.湖相深水块状砂岩特征、成因及发育模式——以南堡凹陷东营组为例[J].岩石学报,2013,29(9):3287-3299.
Xian Benzhong,Wan Jinfeng,Dong Yanlei,et al.Sedimentary characteristics,origin and model of lacustrine deep-water massive sandstone:an example from Dongying Formation in Nanpu depression[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2013,29(9):3287-3299.
[30] 廖纪佳,朱筱敏,邓秀芹,等.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组重力流沉积特征及其模式[J].地学前缘,2013,20(2):29-39.
Liao Jijia,Zhu Xiaomin,Deng Xiuqin,et al.Sedimentary characteristics and model of gravity flow in Triassic Yanchang Formation of Longdong area in Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2013,20(2):29-39.
[31] Zavala C,Ponce J J,Arcuri M,et al.Ancient lacustrine hyperpycnites:a depositional model from a case study in the rayoso formation (cretaceous) of west-central Argentina[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2006,76(1):41-59.
[32] Mulder T,Syvitski J P M,Migeon S,et al.Marine hyperpycnal flows:initiation,behavior and related deposits.A review[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2003,20(6/8):861-882.
[33] Petter A L,Steel R J.Hyperpycnal flow variability and slope organization on an Eocene shelf margin,Central Basin,Spitsbergen[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(10):1451-1472.
[34] 刘群,袁选俊,林森虎,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组湖相黏土岩分类和沉积环境探讨[J].沉积学报,2014,32(6):1016-1025.
Liu Qun,Yuan Xuanjun,Lin Senhu,et al.The classification of lacustrine mudrock and research on its' depositional environment[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2014,32(6):1016-1025.
[35] 杨仁超,金之钧,孙冬胜,等.鄂尔多斯晚三叠世湖盆异重流沉积新发现[J].沉积学报,2015,33(1):10-20.
Yang Renchao,Jin Zhijun,Sun Dongsheng,et al.Discovery of hyperpycnal flow deposits in the Late Triassic lacustrine Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2015,33(1):10-20.
[36] Mutti E,Bernoulli D,Lucchi F R,et al.Turbidites and turbidity currents from Alpine 'flysch' to the exploration of continental margins[J].Sedimentology,2009,56(1):267-318.
[37] Jobe Z R,Lowe D R,Morris W R.Climbing-ripple successions in turbidite systems:depositional environments,sedimentation rates and accumulation times[J]. Sedimentology,2012,59(3):867-898.
[38] Baas J H.Conditions for formation of massive turbiditic sandstones by primary depositional processes[J].Sedimentary Geology,2004,166(3/4):293-310.
[39] Talling P J,Paull C K,Piper D J W.How are subaqueous sediment density flows triggered,what is their internal structure and how does it evolve? Direct observations from monitoring of active flows[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2013,125:244-287.
[40] Talling P J.On the triggers,resulting flow types and frequencies of subaqueous sediment density flows in different settings[J].Marine Geology,2014,352:155-182.
[41] 袁选俊,林森虎,刘群,等.湖盆细粒沉积特征与富有机质页岩分布模式-以鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油层组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(1):34-43.
Yuan Xuanjun,Lin Senhu,Liu Qun,et al.Lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary features and organic-rich shale distribution pattern:a case study of Chang 7 Member of Triassic Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(1):34-43.
[42] 张鹏飞.东营凹陷洼陷带沙三中亚段浊积岩成藏条件分析[J].岩性油气藏,2012,24(3):61-65.
Zhang Pengfei.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions of turbidite in the middle sub-member of the third member of Shahejie Formation in sub-depression belt of Dongying sag[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2012,24(3):61-65.
[43] 姜在兴,梁超,吴靖,等.含油气细粒沉积岩研究的几个问题[J].石油学报,2013,34(6):1031-1039.
Jiang Zaixing,Liang Chao,Wu Jing,et al.Several issues in sedimentological studies on hydrocarbon-bearing fine-grained sedimentary rocks[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(6):1031-1039.
[44] Shanmugam G.Modern internal waves and internal tides along oceanic pycnoclines:challenges and implications for ancient deep-marine baroclinic sands[J].AAPG Bulletin,2013,97(5):799-843.
[45] 潘树新,陈彬滔,刘华清,等.陆相湖盆深水底流改造砂:沉积特征、成因及其非常规油气勘探意义[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(10):1577-1585.
Pan Shuxin,Chen Bintao,Liu Huaqing,et al.Deepwater bottom current rework sand (BCRS) in lacustrine basins:Sedimentary characteristics,identification criterion,formation mechanism and its significance for unconventional oil/gas exploration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(10):1577-1585.
[46] Zou Caineng,Wang Lan,Li Ying,et al.Deep-lacustrine transformation of sandy debrites into turbidites,Upper Triassic,Central China[J].Sedimentary Geology,2012,265/266:143-155.
[47] 庞雄,朱明,柳保军,等.南海北部珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水区重力流沉积机理[J].石油学报,2014,35(4):646-653.
Pang Xiong,Zhu Ming,Liu Baojun,et al.The mechanism of gravity flow deposition in Baiyun sag deepwater area of the northern South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2014,35(4):646-653.

Types,sedimentary characteristics and genetic mechanisms of deep-water gravity flows: a case study of the middle submember in Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in Jiyang depression

深水重力流类型、沉积特征及成因机制——以济阳坳陷沙河街组三段中亚段为例

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Liu Huimin, Zhang Kuihua, Li Junliang, Liu Peng, Wang Yong, Zhou Guangqing, Teng Jianbin, Zhang Shun, Zhu Rifang, Miao Zhuowei. Geological characteristics of clay-rich hybrid shale and exploration breakthroughs of shale oil in Jiyang depression,Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 961-973.
[2]	Sun Huanquan, Lü Qi, Fang Jichao, Lü Jing, Zhu Yurui, Qian Keran. Development technology and direction of shale oil in continental rift basins [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(8): 1589-1601.
[3]	Song Jinmin, Guo Jiaxin, Liu Shugen, Li Zhiwu, Wang Jiarui, Yang Di, Ye Yuehao, Jin Xin, Wang Junke, Deng Haoshuang, Wang Bin, Zhang Zhaoyi, Ren Shan, Luo Ping. Occurrence types and genetic models of talc in the first Member of Middle Permian Maokou Formation in Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(11): 2059-2074.
[4]	Wang Yongshi, Gao Yang, Li Junliang, Li Zheng. New exploration fields and resource potential of Paleogene clastic tight oil in Jiyang depression,Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(1): 118-136.
[5]	Zhou Lihong, Chen Changwei, Yang Fei, Li Hongjun, Liu Guoquan, Cui Yu, Wu Xuesong, Shi Qianru, Xu Wenjing, Dong Wentao. Accumulation models and exploration practice of tight oil and gas in the deep sag areas of continental fault basins:a case study of Huanghua depression in Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(5): 755-770.
[6]	Yang Yong, Zhang Shiming, Lü Qi, Du Yushan, Li Weizhong, Cheng Ziyan, Lü Jing, Liu Zupeng. Stereoscopic development techniques for shale oil with low-medium maturity in continental faulted basins in eastern China: a case study of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation in Jiyang depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(4): 672-682,697.
[7]	Ni Liangtian, Du Yushan, Jiang Long, Sun Hongxia, Cheng Ziyan, Ren Minhua, Sun Ning, Yang Yiqing, Peng Xianguo. Difference in laminated structure of carbonate-rich shale and its effects on reservoir quality in Jiyang depression:a case study of Shahejie Formation shale in Dongying sag [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(11): 1621-1637.
[8]	Jiang Huachuan, Zhang Benjian, Liu Sibing, Wang Wenzhi, Zhou Gang, He Yuan, Li Kunyu, Wen Huaguo. Discovery of Guang’an-Shizhu paleo-uplift in Sichuan Basin and its oil and gas geological significance [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(2): 270-284.
[9]	Liu Huimin, Gao Yang, Qin Feng, Yang Huaiyu. New fields,new types and resource potentials of hydrocarbon exploration in Jiyang depression,Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(12): 2141-2159.
[10]	Liu Huimin. Geological particularity and exploration practice of Paleogene shale oil in Jiyang depression: a case study of the upper submember of Member 4 to the lower submember of Member 3 of Shahejie Formation [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(5): 581-594.
[11]	Liu Huimin, Li Junliang, Liu Peng, Wang Xin, Wang Yong, Qiu Yibo, Li Zheng, Wang Weiqing. Enrichment conditions and strategic exploration direction of Paleogene shale oil in Jiyang depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(12): 1717-1729.
[12]	Wang Yongshi, Chen Tao, Zhang Pengfei, Zhai Zheng. Exploration potential and direction of Palaeogene light crude oil reservoirs in Jiyang depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(12): 1605-1614.
[13]	Bao Youshu, Wang Yongshi, Li Zheng, Zhang Shouchun, Zhu Rifang, Wu Lianbo. Accumulation conditions for deep light oil and condensate gas from Member 4 of Shahejie Formation in Jiyang depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(12): 1615-1624,1639.
[14]	Wang Jiahao, Wang Hua, Xiao Dunqing, Pu Xiugang, Han Wenzhong, Zhang Wei. Differentiation between hyperpycnal flow deposition and slump-induced gravity flow deposition in terrestrial rifted lacustrine basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(4): 392-402,411.
[15]	Wang Yong, Xiong Wei, Lin Huixi, Wu Songbei, An Tianxia, Liu Ruijuan, Xiang Lihong, Yin Lijuan, Meng Wei, Zhang Shun. The reservoir characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation model of Lower Paleozoic buried-hill in Jiyang depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(11): 1334-1347.