Sedimentary model and reservoir heterogeneity of Carboniferous carbonate beach in Zanazor, Kazakhstan

doi:10.7623/syxb201607005

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (7): 867-877.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201607005

• Petroleum Exploration • Previous Articles Next Articles

Sedimentary model and reservoir heterogeneity of Carboniferous carbonate beach in Zanazor, Kazakhstan

Gao Baishui, Jin Zhenkui, Zhu Xiaoer, Wei Kai, Yi Shuo

College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

Received:2015-11-23 Revised:2016-04-10 Online:2016-07-25 Published:2016-07-28

哈萨克斯坦扎纳诺尔油田石炭系碳酸盐岩浅滩沉积模式及储层质量差异机理

高白水, 金振奎, 朱小二, 魏凯, 伊硕

中国石油大学地球科学学院北京 102249

通讯作者: 金振奎,男,1963年2月生,1983年获华东石油学院学士学位,1992年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)教授、博士生导师,主要从事沉积学、层序地层学、成岩作用等方面的研究。Email:jinzhenkui@188.com
作者简介:高白水,男,1987年5月生,2009年获中国石油大学(北京)学士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)博士研究生,主要从事沉积学方面的研究。Email:gaobaishui@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目（2006CB202300）资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

Significant differences exist in reservoir properties of carbonate beach. In this paper, Carboniferous shoal reservoirs in Zanazor, Kazakhstan are studied, and the results show that sedimentary facies is a primary cause for the physical property differences among such reservoirs. Littoral environment includes four wave belts with different hydrodynamic characteristics:(1) rising wave belt:seabed is lower than normal wave base, and waves have no obvious effect on seabed; (2) upwash wave belt:generated in area where seabed is above normal wave base, while water depth is more than 2 times of wave height, and seabed sediments are slightly disturbed; (3) break wave belt:generated in area where water depth is between 1-2 times of wave height, and seabed sediments are continuously disturbed; (4) surge-surf wave belt:water depth is less than wave height, showing broken waves, and seabed sediments are severely disturbed. Sediment characteristics are controlled by wave belts, based on which this shoal is divided into three subfacies. (1) Intermittent high-energy beaches distinguished by plaster grain limestone are poor reservoirs which display as low DT (acoustic log), high RD (resistivity log) and high GR (gamma log); (2) rising-break wave beaches distinguished by sparry Foraminifer-Fusulinida limestone are good reservoirs which display as high DT, low RD and low GR; (3) surge-surf wave beach distinguished by sparry oolitic limestone are poor reservoirs which display as low DT, high RD and low GR. From sea to land, significant differences exist in cementation rate and intensity with water depth decreasing, water circulation slowing down and salinity increasing, thus developing quite different original and secondary pores in the sediments with various subfacies. Therefore, sedimentary facies is the main reason for diversity of reservoir property in carbonate beach.

Key words: Zanazor, Carboniferous, carbonate beach, sedimentary model, reservoir property

摘要：

浅滩储层不同部位的储集物性差异明显。对哈萨克斯坦扎纳诺尔油田石炭系浅滩储层的研究表明，沉积相是导致该类储层物性差异的主要原因。滨岸环境包括4个波浪带，表现出不同的水动力特征：1涨浪带，海底低于正常浪基面，波浪对海底没有明显作用；2升浪带，海底高于正常浪基面，同时水深超过2倍波高，海底沉积物受到轻微扰动；3破浪带，水深介于1倍和2倍波高，海底沉积物受到持续扰动；4涌浪-冲浪带，水深小于1倍波高，波浪破碎，海底沉积物剧烈震荡。波浪带控制了沉积物特征，据此将浅滩分为3个亚相：1间歇高能滩，主要沉积灰泥颗粒石灰岩，储集物性差，电测曲线表现出低声波、高电阻和高伽马特征；2破浪-升浪滩，主要沉积亮晶有孔虫-蜓石灰岩，储集物性好，电测曲线表现出高声波、低电阻和低伽马特征；3涌浪-冲浪滩，主要沉积亮晶鲕粒石灰岩，储集物性差，电测曲线表现出低声波、高电阻和低伽马特征。由海向陆方向，随着水深逐渐减小、水体循环减慢以及盐度增加，胶结作用的速度和强度出现显著差异，导致不同亚相沉积物的原始孔隙及次生孔隙的发育明显不同。因此，沉积相是控制该区储层质量的主要因素。

关键词: 扎纳诺尔, 石炭系, 浅滩, 沉积模式, 储集物性

CLC Number:

TE122.14

Gao Baishui, Jin Zhenkui, Zhu Xiaoer, Wei Kai, Yi Shuo. Sedimentary model and reservoir heterogeneity of Carboniferous carbonate beach in Zanazor, Kazakhstan[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(7): 867-877.

高白水, 金振奎, 朱小二, 魏凯, 伊硕. 哈萨克斯坦扎纳诺尔油田石炭系碳酸盐岩浅滩沉积模式及储层质量差异机理[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(7): 867-877.

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Sedimentary model and reservoir heterogeneity of Carboniferous carbonate beach in Zanazor, Kazakhstan

哈萨克斯坦扎纳诺尔油田石炭系碳酸盐岩浅滩沉积模式及储层质量差异机理

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[1]	Mou Jiayuan, Yao Zongquan, Guo Rui, Xie Zongrui, Yang Yuanfeng, Wang Wei, Huang Yu, Chen Jian, Wang Ziqi, Zhao Lixian. A lithology-weathering-tectonics ternary coupling model for weathered and leached volcanic reservoirs: a case study of the Carboniferous reservoirs in the hanging wall of Kebai fault zone,Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(5): 1045-1063.
[2]	Tang Yong, He Wenjun, Li Jing, Wang Guozhen, Wu Tao, Chang Qiusheng. New achievements and emerging trends in oil and gas exploration in Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(4): 753-771.
[3]	Zhi Dongming, He Wenjun, Qin Zhijun, Gan Renzhong, Zheng Menglin, You Xincai, Qian Haitao, Zhao Long. Oil and gas exploration practice in northern Xinjiang area under the guidance of the Whole Petroleum System theory [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 1235-1259.
[4]	Ablimit Yiming, Liu Hailei, Jiang Wenlong, Pan Jin, Ding Xiujian, Wang Xueyong, Su Dongxu, Zhu Yongcai, Li Zonghao, Wang Jiangtao, Jiang Zhongfa, Li Ang, Qian Liangrong. Carboniferous hydrocarbon accumulation of Dabasong uplift and exploration breakthrough of Well Penbei1 in Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(11): 1592-1606.
[5]	Wang Yongshi, Hao Xuefeng, An Tianxia, Zhang Pengfei, Xiong Wei, Qin Feng. Co-evolution of formation pressure, fluid, and reservoir property under the control of basin structure and its controlling effect on reservoir accumulation: a case study of Paleogene in Dongying depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(7): 1058-1071,1150.
[6]	Ren Jiaxin, Song Jinmin, Liu Shugen, Zhao Rongrong, Luo Zhong, Li Zhiwu, Jin Xin, Ma Xingzhi, Li Keran, Ye Yuehao, Ding Yi, Li Wenhao, Zhao Lingli, Tian Lizhou. Framework and sedimentary model of microbial mound-bank complex in Member 2 of Dengying Formation,Sichuan Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(2): 312-328.
[7]	Chen Shida, Tang Dazhen, Hou Wei, Li Yongzhou, Tao Shu, Xu Hao, Li Song, Tang Shuling, Pu Yifan, Zhang Bin. Geological particularity and reservoir engineering response of deep coalbed methane [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(11): 1993-2006.
[8]	Xin Fudong, Xu Hao, Tang Dazhen, Yang Jiaosheng, Chen Yanpeng, Wang Meizhu. Physical property evolution of low-rank coal reservoir and its influence on reservoir evaluation [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(5): 637-647.
[9]	Zhu Chao, Liu Zhanguo, Song Guangyong, Long Guohui, Gong Qingshun, Zhao Jian, Li Senming, Xia Zhiyuan, Wu Yanxiong, Tian Mingzhi. Sedimentary model,evolution and distribution of Paleogene lacustrine carbonate rocks in Yingxiongling structural belt, Q aidam Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(11): 1558-1567,1622.
[10]	Chen Yajun, Yu Jiayi, Song Xiaoyong, Zhang Zhongjin, Meng Pengfei, Xie Shijian, Jiao Qiaoping. Characteristics of clay mineral in the Upper Carboniferous volcanic rocks of Niujuanhu-Niudong structural belt in the Malang sag, Santanghu Basin and their effects on reservoir physical properties [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(8): 1053-1071.
[11]	Gong Deyu, Wang Xulong, Zhou Chuanmin, Zheng Menglin, Jiang Wenlong, Wu Weian. Discovery of large-scale Carboniferous source rocks and natural gas exploration potential in the southeast of Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(7): 836-852.
[12]	Zhou Lihong, Han Guomeng, Ma Jianying, Chen Changwei, Yang Fei, Zhang Lihua, Zhou Kejia, Chen Shuangqing, Yang Fan, Dong Yueqi, Zhou Jing. Palaeoenvironment characteristics and sedimentary model of the lower submember of Member 1 of Shahejie Formation in the southwestern margin of Q ikou sag [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(8): 903-917.
[13]	Zhang Changmin, Song Xinmin, Zhi Dongming, Zhou Xinhuai, Yin Taiju, Yin Yanshu, Zhu Rui, Feng Wenjie, Zhang Baojin. Rethinking on the sedimentary system of terrestrial petroliferous basins: insights from distributive fluvial system [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(2): 127-153.
[14]	Wang Jiahao, Peng Guangrong, Liu Baojun, Zheng Jinyun, Yang Fei. Flattening diagenesis of clastic rocks and quantitative characterization of sedimentary control on reservoir properties: a case study of Baiyun sag in Pearl River Mouth Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(s1): 115-123.
[15]	Zhang Zhaohui, Du Shekuan, Chen Huayong, Yu Hongguo. Quantitative characterization of volcanic fracture distribution based on electrical imaging logging:a case study of Carboniferous in Dixi area,Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(10): 1130-1140.