Mechanism of high-pressure fracturing fluid invasion and coupled fluid-solid simulation in shale gas reservoirs

doi:10.7623/syxb202506010

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 1168-1179,1192.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202506010

• OIL FIELD DEVELOPMENT • Previous Articles

Mechanism of high-pressure fracturing fluid invasion and coupled fluid-solid simulation in shale gas reservoirs

Xu Yingying¹, Hu Zhiming¹, Shi Yuxin¹, Duan Xianggang¹, Chang Jin¹, Xie Weiyang²

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. PetroChina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company, Sichuan Chengdu 610056, China

Received:2024-08-21 Revised:2025-03-14 Published:2025-06-28

页岩气藏高压压裂液侵入机理与流固耦合模拟

许莹莹¹, 胡志明¹, 石雨昕¹, 端祥刚¹, 常进¹, 谢维扬²

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 中国石油西南油气田公司四川成都 610056

通讯作者: 胡志明,男,1977年8月生,2006年获中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事非常规油气渗流理论研究。Email:huzhiming69@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:许莹莹,女,1995年4月生,2024年获中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院工程师,主要从事非常规油气多场耦合渗流理论及产能评价研究。Email:xuyy2024@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气集团有限公司基础性前瞻性科技专项(2023ZZ08)资助。

Abstract

Abstract: During volumetric fracturing, the interaction between tens of thousands of cubic meters of fracturing fluid and reservoir rock significantly intensifies the stress-sensitive damage in shale fracture networks. This results in low flowback rates, rapid initial production decline, and challenges in maintaining long-term stable production. To clarify the invasion distribution characteristics and influence mechanism of high-pressure fracturing fluid in shale formations is crucial for understanding the permeability stress sensitivity of water-invaded shale reservoirs and improving field development performance. The employed research methods include the low-field high-pressure gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)real-time displacement monitoring and coupled fluid-solid numerical models, which reveal the invasion distribution characteristics and influence mechanisms of high-pressure fracturing fluid during different imbition stages. The results indicate that with the increase in imbibition duration, the matrix water saturation exhibits an oscillatory-progressive propagation along the invasion direction. The degree of high-pressure water invasion in the matrix shows a positive power function correlation with imbibition duration, and a linear correlation with permeability and clay mineral content, with a water invasion depth of 4-6 cm. The clay mineral hydration plays a non-negligible role in shale imbibition, contributing 76.54% of the comulative water uptake. The increasing matrix permeability and clay mineral content induce a linear reduction exceeding 30% in the elastic modulus of water-invaded shale matrices, thus exacerbating shale stress sensitivity.

Key words: high-pressure fracturing fluid, water invasion, gradient nuclear magnetic resonance, water invasion-induced expansion deformation, fluid-solid coupling

摘要： 在体积压裂过程中,压裂液与储层岩石发生反应,极大地增加了页岩缝网体应力敏感损害程度,导致页岩气井返排率低、初期产能递减快、长期稳产困难。为厘清页岩高压压裂液侵入分布特征及影响机理,明确水侵页岩储层渗透率应力敏感性规律,从而提升现场开发效果,采用低场高压梯度核磁共振在线驱替以及流固耦合数值模型等方法,揭示了不同吸水时刻页岩高压压裂液侵入分布特征以及影响机理。研究结果表明,随着吸水时长的增加,基质含水饱和度沿着水侵方向上下波动地递进式传播。基质高压水侵程度与吸水时长呈幂函数正相关、与渗透率以及黏土矿物含量呈线性正相关,水侵厚度可达4~6 cm。黏土矿物吸附水分的作用对页岩吸水不可忽视,黏土矿物吸水对页岩累积吸水量的贡献达76.54%。基质渗透率、黏土矿物含量的增加会诱导水侵页岩基质弹性模量线性降低30%以上,加剧页岩应力敏感性程度。

关键词: 高压压裂液, 水侵, 梯度核磁共振, 水侵膨胀变形, 流固耦合

CLC Number:

TE312

Xu Yingying, Hu Zhiming, Shi Yuxin, Duan Xianggang, Chang Jin, Xie Weiyang. Mechanism of high-pressure fracturing fluid invasion and coupled fluid-solid simulation in shale gas reservoirs[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(6): 1168-1179,1192.

许莹莹, 胡志明, 石雨昕, 端祥刚, 常进, 谢维扬. 页岩气藏高压压裂液侵入机理与流固耦合模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(6): 1168-1179,1192.

References

[1] 吕奉章.川南页岩储层与压裂液的相互作用规律研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2020.LV Fengzhang.Interactions between shale reservoir and fracturing fluid in southern Sichuan[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum,2020.
[2] 郭小哲,王晶,刘学锋.页岩气储层压裂水平井气-水两相渗流模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1165-1170.GUO Xiaozhe,WANG Jing,LIU Xuefeng.Gas-water two phase porous flow model of fractured horizontal well in shale gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1165-1170.
[3] 张涛,李相方,杨立峰,等.关井时机对页岩气井返排率和产能的影响[J].天然气工业,2017,37(8):48-60. ZHANG Tao,LI Xiangfang,YANG Lifeng,et al.Effects of shut-in timing on flowback rate and productivity of shale gas wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2017,37(8):48-60.
[4] XIN Honggang,YOU Yuan,YUE Xiang’an,et al.Impact of fracturing fluid retention and flowback on development effect after large scale fracturing in shale oil wells:a case study from the shale oil of Chang 7 Member,Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Unconventional Resources,2024,(4):100060.
[5] GUO Jingjing,DI Kaixiang,ZHANG Liehui,et al.Insights into in-situ imbibition behavior of fracturing fluid in propped shale fractures based on nuclear magnetic resonance:a case study from Longmaxi Formation shale,Sichuan Basin,China[J].Petroleum Science,2024,21(1):410-429.
[6] REN Lan,WANG Zhenhua,ZHAO Jinzhou,et al.Shale gas effective fracture network volume prediction and analysis based on flow back data:a case study of southern Sichuan Basin shale[J].Geoenergy Science and Engineering,2023,228:211963.
[7] KHAN J A,PADMANABHAN E,HAQ I U,et al.Hydraulic fracturing with low and high viscous injection mediums to investigate net fracture pressure and fracture network in shale of different brittleness index[J].Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment,2023,33:100416.
[8] DEHGHANPOUR H,ZUBAIR H A,CHHABRA A,et al.Liquid intake of organic shales[J].Energy & Fuels,2012,26(9):5750-5758.
[9] 曾凡辉,张蔷,陈斯瑜,等.水化作用下页岩微观孔隙结构的动态表征——以四川盆地长宁地区龙马溪组页岩为例[J].天然气工业,2020,40(10):66-75.ZENG Fanhui,ZHANG Qiang,CHEN Siyu,et al.Dynamic characterization of microscopic pore structures of shale under the effect of hydration:a case study of Longmaxi Formation shale in the Changning area of the Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2020,40(10):66-75.
[10] 许飞.考虑化学渗透压作用下页岩气储层压裂液的自发渗吸特征[J].岩性油气藏,2021,33(3):145-152. XU Fei.Spontaneous imbibition characteristics of fracturing fluid in shale gas reservoir considering chemical osmotic pressure[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2021,33(3):145-152.
[11] 游利军,王飞,康毅力,等.页岩气藏水相损害评价与尺度性[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(11):2023-2029. YOU Lijun,WANG Fei,KANG Yili,et al.Evaluation and scale effect of aqeous phase damage in shale gas reservoir[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(11):2023-2029.
[12] GHANBARI E,DEHGHANPOUR H.Impact of rock fabric on water imbibition and salt diffusion in gas shales[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2015,138:55-67.
[13] 王家禄,刘玉章,陈茂谦,等.低渗透油藏裂缝动态渗吸机理实验研究[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):86-90. WANG Jialu,LIU Yuzhang,CHEN Maoqian,et al.Experimental study on dynamic imbibition mechanism of low permeability reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(1):86-90.
[14] SCOTT H E,PATEY I T M,BYRNE M T.Return permeability measurements—proceed with caution[R].SPE-107812-MS,2007.
[15] 李颖,李茂茂,李海涛,等.水相渗吸对页岩储层的物化作用机理研究[J].油气藏评价与开发,2023,13(1):64-73. LI Ying,LI Maomao,LI Haitao,et al.Physicochemical mechanism of water phase imbibition in shale reservoirs[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2023,13(1):64-73.
[16] 李原,狄勤丰,王文昌,等.基于核磁共振技术的非均质岩心中泡沫动态稳定性评价方法及应用[J].力学学报,2021,53(8):2205-2213. LI Yuan,DI Qinfeng,WANG Wenchang,et al.Evaluation method and application of foam dynamic stability in heterogeneous cores based on nuclear magnetic resonance technology[J].Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics,2021,53(8):2205-2213.
[17] NAGEL S M,STRANGFELD C,KRUSCHWITZ S.Application of 1H proton NMR relaxometry to building materials—a review[J].Journal of Magnetic Resonance Open,2021,(6/7):100012.
[18] 左罗,张世昆,沈子齐,等.页岩油储层压裂液渗吸作用机理[J].石油学报,2024,45(11):1652-1661.ZUO Luo,ZHANG Shikun,SHEN Ziqi,et al.Mechanism of fracturing fluid imbibition in shale oil reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2024,45(11):1652-1661.

[19] LIN Hun,SUN Xinyi,YUAN Yong,et al.Experimental investigation on the dynamic volume changes of varied-size pores during shale hydration[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2022,(101):104506.
[20] GAO Hui,XU Runzi,XIE Yonggang,et al.Quantitative evaluation of the plugging effect of the gel particle system flooding agent using NMR technique[J].Energy & fuels,2020,34(4):4329-4337.
[21] YANG Liu,GE Hongkui,SHEN Yinghao,et al.Experimental research on the shale imbibition characteristics and its relationship with microstructure and rock mineralogy[R].SPE-176882-MS,2015.
[22] 杨柳.压裂液在页岩储层中的吸收及其对工程的影响[D].北京:中国石油大学,2016. YANG Liu.Fracturing fluid imbibition into gas shale and its impact on engineering[D].Beijing:China University of Petroleum,2016.
[23] GDANSKI R D,FULTON D D,SHEN Chun.Fracture-face-skin evolution during cleanup[J].SPE Production & Operations,2009,24(1):22-34.
[24] TAKEDA M,MANAKA M,ITO D.Experimental evidence of chemical osmosis-driven improved oil recovery in low-salinity water flooding:generation of osmotic pressure via oil-saturated sandstone[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2022,215:110731.
[25] XIE Weidong,GAN Huajun,CHEN Si,et al.Thermodynamic behavior of water vapor adsorption in shale and its dependence on organic matter and clay minerals[J].Fuel,2023,352:129108.
[26] FURMANIAK S,GAUDEN P A,TERZYK A P,et al.Water adsorption on carbons—critical review of the most popular analytical approaches[J].Advances in Colloid and Interface Science,2008,137(2):82-143.
[27] EVELINE V F,SANTOS L P,YUCEL AKKUTLU I.Thermally-induced secondary fracture development in shale formations during hydraulic fracture water invasion and clay swelling[R].SPE-195543-MS,2019.
[28] 叶艳,安文华,滕学清,等.裂缝性碳酸盐岩储层的钻井液侵入预测模型[J].石油学报,2011,32(3):504-508.YE Yan,AN Wenhua,TENG Xueqing,et al.The prediction model for the drilling fluid invasion in fractured carbonate reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(3):504-508.
[29] BROOKS R H,COREY A T.Properties of porous media affecting fluid flow[J].Journal of the Irrigation and Drainage Division,1966,92(2):61-88.
[30] SHI J Q,DURUCAN S.Drawdown induced changes in permeability of coalbeds:a new interpretation of the reservoir response to primary recovery[J].Transport in Porous Media,2004,56(1):1-16.
[31] 张广明,刘合,张劲,等.油井水力压裂流-固耦合非线性有限元数值模拟[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):113-116.ZHANG Guangming,LIU He,ZHANG Jin,et al.Simulation of hydraulic fracturing of oil well based on fluid-solid coupling equation and non-linear finite element[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):113-116.
[32] CHEN Mian,CHEN Zhida.Effective stress laws for multi-porosity media[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,1999,20(11):1207-1213.
[33] MINAEIAN V,DEWHURST D N,RASOULI V.Deformational behaviour of a clay-rich shale with variable water saturation under true triaxial stress conditions[J].Geomechanics for Energy and the Environment,2017,11:1-13.
[34] 张睿,宁正福,杨峰,等.页岩应力敏感实验与机理[J].石油学报,2015,36(2):224-231.ZHANG Rui,NING Zhengfu,YANG Feng,et al.Shale stress sensitivity experiment and mechanism[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,36(2):224-231.

Mechanism of high-pressure fracturing fluid invasion and coupled fluid-solid simulation in shale gas reservoirs

页岩气藏高压压裂液侵入机理与流固耦合模拟

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 11

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Zhou Yi, Tang Yifeng, Jiang Yang, Hu Jiahao, Huang Yuxing. Fluid-solid coupling simulation and tests of combined spiral seal for high-speed cone bit [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(4): 558-570.
[2]	Li Yuwei, Peng Genbo, Chen Mian, Zhang Jun, Wei Jianguang, Yang Chunguang. Gas-liquid-solid three phase flow model of CO₂ foam fracturing in wellbore [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(3): 386-398.
[3]	Xu Jiaxiang, Ding Yunhong, Yang Lifeng, Liu Zhe, Gao Rui, Wang Zhen. Transportation and distribution laws of proppants in tortuous micro-fractures [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(8): 965-974.
[4]	Li Yong, Chen Yao, Jin Jianzhou, Jiang Le, Ding Feng, Yuan Xiong. Cement ring interface crack propagation under volume fracturing in shale gas well [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(1): 105-111.
[5]	CHANG Deyu LI Gensheng SHEN Zhonghou HUANG Zhongwei TIAN Shouceng. The stress field of bottom hole in deep and ultra-deep wells [J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2011, 32(4): 697-703.
[6]	CHENG Yuanfang SHEN Haichao ZHAO Yizhong ZHANG Jianguo XIA Yuanbo. Study on fluid-solid coupling of physical variation of gas hydrate reservoirs during natural gas development [J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2010, 31(4): 607-611.
[7]	ZHU Jun YE Peng WANG Suling XIAO Danfeng WANG Hui. 3D numerical simulation of fracture dynamic propagation in hydraulic fracturing of low-permeability reservoir [J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2010, 31(1): 119-123.
[8]	ZHANG Guangming, LIU He, ZHANG Jin, BIAO Fangjun, WU Heng'an, WANG Xiuxi. Simulation of hydraulic fracturing of oil well based on fluid-solid coupling equation and non-linear finite element [J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2009, 30(1): 113-116.
[9]	Lu Baoping, Xu Zenghe. Mathematical model for fluid-solid coupling near well bore in elastic-plastic oil reservoir [J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2006, 27(5): 131-134.
[10]	Wang Bingyin, Deng Jingen, Zou Lingzhan, Lu Wei. Applied research of collapse cycle of shale in wellbore using a coupled physico—chemical model [J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2006, 27(3): 130-132.
[11]	Dong Pingchuan. THE FULLY COUPLED MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE FLUID-SOLID IN AN OIL RESERVOIR AND ITS FINITE ELEMENT EQUATIONS [J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 1998, 19(1): 64-70.