Whole-process gas generation pattern and gas accumulation characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks in western Junggar Basin

doi:10.7623/syxb202507004

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (7): 1278-1293.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202507004

• PETROLEUM EXPLORATION • Previous Articles

Whole-process gas generation pattern and gas accumulation characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks in western Junggar Basin

Tang Yong¹, Liu Hailei¹, Ding Xiujian², Wang Xueyong¹, Su Jing¹, Cui Zhenyu², Liu Longsong¹, Li Zonghao¹, Chen Shaorong¹

1. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China;
2. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, ShandongQingdao 266580, China

Received:2025-05-10 Revised:2025-06-20 Published:2025-08-08

准噶尔盆地西部风城组烃源岩全过程生气模式与天然气成藏特征

唐勇¹, 刘海磊¹, 丁修建², 王学勇¹, 苏静¹, 崔振雨², 刘龙松¹, 李宗浩¹, 陈绍蓉¹

1. 中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院新疆克拉玛依 834000;
2. 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院山东青岛 266580

通讯作者: 丁修建,男,1986年11月生,2014年获中国石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院副教授,主要从事油气成藏研究。Email:dingxj@upc.edu.cn
作者简介:唐勇,男,1967年5月生,2013年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为中国石油新疆油田分公司教授级高级工程师,主要从事风险勘探研究。Email:tyong@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才-科技创新领军人才支持项目“北疆地区二叠系超级盆地全油气系统地质理论研究与战略接替领域优选”(2022TSYCLJ0070)、中国石油天然气集团有限公司油气与新能源分公司科技专项(2023YQX10106)和中国石油天然气股份有限公司攻关性应用性科技专项(2023ZZ24)资助。

Abstract

Abstract: As the primary oil-generating source rocks in Junggar Basin, Fengcheng Formation source rocks are relatively understudied in terms of their gas generation processes, which impedes the target natural gas exploration in this region. This paper aims to clarify the whole-process gas generation pattern and gas accumulation characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks in western Junggar Basin. Based on hydrocarbon generation simulation experiments in combination with the geochemical characteristics of source rocks, hydrocarbon generation evolution process, and hydrocarbon inclusion observation, a comprehensive analysis was conducted on the product characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks at different maturity stages in the study area. The results show as follows. (1) Based on the variations in gas-oil ratios during hydrocarbon generation from Fengcheng source rocks in western Junggar Basin, the gas generation process can be divided into seven stages:biogenic gas, gas associated with immature/low-mature oil, gas associated with black oil, gas associated with light oil, gas condensate, wet gas, and dry gas. Thus, a whole-process gas generation pattern has been established for Fengcheng Formation source rocks. (2) The paper clarifies the geochemical characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks during the whole-process gas generation. As the maturities of Fengcheng Formation source rocks gradually increases, the carbon isotopes of natural gas and some parameters of light hydrocarbons demonstrate a gradual increasing trend. The carbon isotopes of ethane increase gradually from -38 ‰ to -28 ‰, and the paraffin index gradually increases to above 6. (3) The western Junggar Basin exhibits the high charging intensities for gas associated with light oil, gas condensate, wet gas and dry gas, indicating great potential for both in-source and extra-source natural gas exploration in this area. These research findings can further enrich the geological theory of the Whole Petroleum System in Junggar Basin and promote the efficient exploration of natural gas.

Key words: hydrocarbon generation simulation, whole-process gas generation, gas geochemical characteristics, Fucheng Formation source rocks, Junggar Basin

摘要： 准噶尔盆地风城组烃源岩作为主要的生油源岩,针对其生气过程的研究相对薄弱,制约了天然气的高效勘探。为了进一步厘清准噶尔盆地西部风城组烃源岩的全过程生气模式与天然气成藏特征,基于生烃模拟实验,结合烃源岩的地球化学特征、生烃演化过程和烃类包裹体观测,综合分析了研究区风城组在不同成熟阶段烃源岩的产物特征。研究结果表明：①根据风城组烃源岩生气过程中气油比的差异,可将准噶尔盆地西部风城组烃源岩的生气过程划分为生物气、未成熟—低成熟油伴生气、黑油伴生气、轻质油伴生气、凝析油气、湿气和干气共7个生气阶段,并由此建立了风城组烃源岩的全过程生气模式；②明确了风城组烃源岩全过程生气地球化学特征,即随着烃源岩的成熟度逐渐增大,风城组烃源岩所生成天然气的碳同位素和部分轻烃参数整体上呈现逐渐递增的规律性演化,乙烷碳同位素从-38 ‰逐渐增加到-28 ‰,石蜡指数逐渐增加到6以上；③准噶尔盆地西部轻质油伴生气、凝析气、湿气和干气的充注强度均较大,源内和源外天然气勘探均存在巨大潜力。研究成果可进一步丰富准噶尔盆地全油气系统地质理论并推动盆地天然气高效勘探。

关键词: 生烃模拟, 全过程生气, 天然气地球化学特征, 风城组烃源岩, 准噶尔盆地

CLC Number:

TE122.3

Tang Yong, Liu Hailei, Ding Xiujian, Wang Xueyong, Su Jing, Cui Zhenyu, Liu Longsong, Li Zonghao, Chen Shaorong. Whole-process gas generation pattern and gas accumulation characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks in western Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(7): 1278-1293.

唐勇, 刘海磊, 丁修建, 王学勇, 苏静, 崔振雨, 刘龙松, 李宗浩, 陈绍蓉. 准噶尔盆地西部风城组烃源岩全过程生气模式与天然气成藏特征[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(7): 1278-1293.

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Whole-process gas generation pattern and gas accumulation characteristics of Fengcheng Formation source rocks in western Junggar Basin

准噶尔盆地西部风城组烃源岩全过程生气模式与天然气成藏特征

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