Abstract: The rheological behaviors of hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) solution and xanthan gum solution and their rheological behaviors in porous media were measured experimentally.A calculation model for apparent viscosity of polymer solutions in porous media in the presence of both depleted layer effectiveness and visco-elastic effectiveness was established.The oil displacement experiments with two types of polymers were carried out under the conditions of various concentrations and injecting speeds. The results showed that the increase of apparent viscosity or the decrease of the thickness of depleted layer were resulted from the overlap of polymer molecules,which increased the force parallel to oil water interface and reduced the saturation of residual oil and enhanced the displacement efficiencies of polymers.While increasing concentrations or injecting speeds of HPAM solutions,the displacement efficiencies also increased.The displacement efficiency of xanthan gum solution was low,when its concentration was lower than the overlap concentration.The displacement efficiencies of xanthan gum could keep a higher value,as its concentration was higher than the overlap concentration.The displacement efficiency kept stable,when increasing the injecting speeds of xanthan solutions.

Key words: polymer solution, rheological behavior, depleted layer, visco-elasticity, residual oil, oil displacement efficiency

摘要： 实验测定了水解聚丙烯酰铵(HPAM)溶液和黄原胶溶液的流变特性及其在多孔介质中的流变特性,建立了衰竭层效应和粘弹性效应共同存在条件下聚合物溶液在多孔介质中的表观粘度计算模型.用这两种聚合物溶液在不同的浓度和注入速度条件下进行了驱油实验.结果表明,聚合物分子缠结作用的增强可引起表观粘度增加或衰竭层厚度降低,从而使平行于油水界面的拉动残余油的力增加,残余油饱和度降低,驱油效率提高.随浓度或注入速度的增加,HPAM溶液的驱油效率升高.在浓度低于缠结浓度时,黄原胶溶液的驱油效率很低.但其浓度只要高于缠结浓度一定程度后,驱油效率就会保持一个较高的值.增加注入速度时,黄原胶溶液的驱油效率提高值不变.

关键词: 聚合物溶液, 流变性, 衰竭层, 粘弹性, 残余油, 驱油效率