Abstract: The pressure transmission testing technology and the simulation equipments for hydra-mechanics coupling of shale were developed. A lot of POT tests were done. The computation expressions for calculating the extraordinary low permeability and membrane efficiency of shale were deduced with the pressure transmission technology. The extraordinary low permeability of shale and membrane efficiency of shale-water-base drilling fluid system were measured quantitatively. The results showed that there is membrane efficiency between shale with extraordinary low-permeability and water-base drilling fluid. The membrane efficiency is relative to the kind of inorganic salt. The permeability of shale and membrane efficiency can be improved by physics-chemical method. The establishment of pressure transmission technology offers a new experimental method for deeply studying the stability of shale well-bore with hydra-mechanics coupling and developing the high-efficiency anti-sloughing water-base drilling fluid systems.

Key words: hydra-mechanics coupling, pressure transmission, permeability, membrane efficiency, shale

摘要： 建立了压力传递实验技术以及泥页岩极低渗透率、半透膜效率计算模型,得到了压力传递技术测定泥页岩渗透率和半透膜效率的计算公式,研制了泥页岩水化-力学耦合模拟实验装置(SHM仪)。定量测定了泥页岩极低渗透率和泥页岩-水基钻井液体系半透膜效率,证明了极低渗透率泥页岩与水基钻井液之间存在半透膜效应,且半透膜效率与无机盐种类有关,泥页岩渗透率和半透膜效率可以通过物理-化学的方法得以改善。压力传递实验技术的建立为深入开展泥页岩井壁化学-力学耦合作用机理研究以及高效防塌水基钻井液体系的研制,提供了一种先进的实验研究手段。

关键词: 水化-力学耦合, 压力传递, 渗透率, 膜效率, 泥页岩