Geochemical characteristics and genesis of biodegradation gas from crude oil in PL 19-3 oilfield in the Bohai Sea

doi:10.7623/syxb2019S2005

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (S2): 46-56.DOI: 10.7623/syxb2019S2005

• Petroleum Exploration • Previous Articles Next Articles

Geochemical characteristics and genesis of biodegradation gas from crude oil in PL 19-3 oilfield in the Bohai Sea

Yan Ge, Wang Guangyuan, Xu Jie, Wang Feilong, Gao Kechao, Lu Huan, Chen Rongtao

Tianjin Branch of CNOOC China Limited, Tianjin 300459, China

Received:2019-10-08 Revised:2019-10-08 Online:2019-12-25 Published:2020-04-24

渤海海域蓬莱19-3油田原油生物降解气地球化学特征与成因

燕歌, 王广源, 许杰, 王飞龙, 高科超, 卢欢, 陈容涛

中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司天津 300459

通讯作者: 燕歌,男,1986年10月生,2009年获中国地质大学(北京)学士学位,2012年获中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位,现就职于中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司渤海石油研究院,从事油气地球化学研究。Email:yange@cnooc.com.cn
作者简介:燕歌,男,1986年10月生,2009年获中国地质大学(北京)学士学位,2012年获中国地质大学(北京)硕士学位,现就职于中海石油(中国)有限公司天津分公司渤海石油研究院,从事油气地球化学研究。Email:yange@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项课题"渤海海域勘探新领域及关键技术研究"（2016ZX05024-003）资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

The geochemical characteristics of the existing natural gas in the Bohai Sea indicate that the biodegradation gas of heavy oil is generally associated with heavy oil reservoirs, and its proved reserves account for about 12 % of the total proven natural gas reserves. The complex tectonic evolution of Bohai Bay Basin led to the diversified background of biogas reservoirs, and the uncertainties in the genetic types of biogas in Bohai Sea and the geochemical characteristics and reservoir forming conditions. Compared with the biodegradation gas from other types of oil, the biodegradation gas of heavy oil has high methane content and large dry coefficient; it is dominated by dry gas and contains a certain amount of carbon dioxide and nitrogen. The methane carbon isotope is light, with δ¹³C₁ between -35 ‰ and -55 ‰ . The propane carbon isotope is heavy, with the phenomenon of isotope inversal. The carbon dioxide isotope is heavy, with δ¹³C_co₂ between -10 ‰ and 20 ‰ . The degradation gas of crude oil is generated under the combined effect of aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms. The effective biodegradation of petroleum usually occurs in reservoirs with a temperature below 80℃. Therefore, the occurrence area of degradation gas generated by microorganism from crude oil is controlled by formation temperature. In addition, the formation water in the petroleum system is also an important geological influencing factor. NaHCO₃- or CaCl₂-type formation water with medium and low salinity is conducive to the reproduction of microorganisms and degradation of crude oil to generate methane. Biodegradation gas is the product of microbial metabolism, so the scale of degradation gas is determined by the size of reservoir. In the Bohai Sea, PL 19-3 oilfield, with optimal reservoir temperature and formation water type and huge reservoir scale, is the most suitable for large-scale generation of biodegradation gas of heavy oil. The proved geological reserves of crude oil in the Bohai Sea are about 36.4×10⁸t, of which the geological reserves of crude oil with a burial depth of less than 2 000 m are approximately 27.7×10⁸t. According to the simulation experiment of crude oil biodegradation, 0.14 to 0.62 m³ of methane gas can be produced by 1 m³ of crude oil per day. Annually, 52.01-255.5 m³ of methane gas can be generated. If 2 000 m is the critical limit for crude oil degradation, it is estimated that the maximum annual amount of degradation gas from crude oil in the Bohai Sea can reach 0.66×10¹²m³, showing huge exploration potential.

Key words: Bohai Sea, PL 19-3 oilfield, heavy oil, degration gas, light hydrocarbon, isotope geochemistry

摘要：

渤海海域已有天然气地球化学特征显示稠油降解气普遍与稠油油藏相伴生，其探明储量约占天然气总探明储量的12 % 。渤海湾盆地复杂的构造演化使生物气藏背景多样化，也使渤海海域生物气成因类型不清，其地球化学特征和成藏条件不甚明确。与非稠油降解气相比，稠油降解气中甲烷含量高、干燥系数大，以干气为主，并含有一定量的二氧化碳和氮气，甲烷碳同位素值偏轻，δ¹³C₁介于-35 ‰~-55 ‰，丙烷碳同位素值偏重，具有同位素倒转现象，二氧化碳碳同位素值重，δ¹³C_co₂介于-10 ‰ ~20 ‰ 。原油降解气的生成是喜氧微生物和厌氧微生物共同作用的结果，有效的石油生物降解作用通常发生在温度低于80℃的储层中，因此地层温度控制了微生物降解原油生成原油降解气的发生范围，此外，含油气系统内的地层水也是重要的地质影响因素，中—低矿化度的NaHCO₃型或CaCl₂型地层水有利于微生物的繁殖进而对原油降解生成甲烷。生物降解气是微生物代谢活动的产物，所以降解气的规模是由油藏规模决定的。在渤海海域，储层温度与地层水类型适宜、油藏规模巨大的蓬莱19-3油田最具备大规模生成稠油降解气的条件。渤海目前已发现原油地质储量约36.4×10⁸t，其中埋藏深度在2 000 m以内的原油地质储量约为27.7×10⁸t，根据原油的生物降解模拟实验，1 m³原油每天可产生0.14~0.62 m³甲烷气体，每年可产生52.01~255.5 m³甲烷气体，若深度2 000 m为原油降解界限，据此估算渤海海域每年最多可产原油降解气0.66×10¹²m³，具有非常大的勘探潜力。

关键词: 渤海海域, 蓬莱19-3油田, 稠油, 降解气, 轻烃, 同位素地球化学

CLC Number:

TE122.1

Yan Ge, Wang Guangyuan, Xu Jie, Wang Feilong, Gao Kechao, Lu Huan, Chen Rongtao. Geochemical characteristics and genesis of biodegradation gas from crude oil in PL 19-3 oilfield in the Bohai Sea[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(S2): 46-56.

燕歌, 王广源, 许杰, 王飞龙, 高科超, 卢欢, 陈容涛. 渤海海域蓬莱19-3油田原油生物降解气地球化学特征与成因[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(S2): 46-56.

References

[1] LARTER S,DI PRIMIO R. Effects of biodegradation on oil and gas field PVT properties and the origin of oil rimmed gas accumulations[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(2):299-310.
[2] ZHU Guangyou,ZHANG Shuichang,JIN Qiang,et al.Origin of the Neogene shallow gas accumulations in the Jiyang Superdepression,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Organic Geochemistry,2005,36(12):1650-1663.
[3] HUNT J M.Petroleum geochemistry and geology[M].New York:Freeman Company,1979:617-620.
[4] WINTERS J C,WILLIAMS J A.Microbial alteration of crude oil in the reservoir[J].American Chemistry Society.
[5] 王政军,朱光有,王政国,等.原油降解气的形成条件及其特征[J].天然气工业,2008,28(11):29-33.
WANG Zhengjun,ZHU Guangyou,WANG Zhengguo,et al.Characteristics of oil-biodegradation gas and their discriminant index system[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(11):29-33.
[6] 谭吕,王力群.稠油区浅层天然气成因探讨[J].地质科学,2013,48(3):908-921.
TAN Lü,WANG Liqun.Discussion on the shallow natural gas genesis of heavy oil area[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2013,48(3):908-921.
[7] 段传丽,陈践发,郭建军,等.实验室条件下厌氧降解原油及次生气体地球化学特征[J].石油实验地质,2008,30(3):297-301.
DUAN Chuanli,CHEN Jianfa,GUO Jianjun,et al.The geochemical characters of crude oils and secondary gas after anaerobic biodegradation in laboratory[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2008,30(3):297-301.
[8] 朱光有,赵文智,张水昌,等.稠油降解气的特征与识别及其勘探潜力[J].石油地质,2006,11(4):52-57.
ZHU Guangyou,ZHAO Wenzhi,ZHANG Shuichang,et al.Characteristics and recognition of biodegradation gas of heavy oil and its exploration potential[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2006,11(4):52-57.
[9] LARTER S R,HEAD I M,HUANG H P,et al.Oil to gas slowly-biodegradation,gas destruction and methane generation in deep subsurface petroleum reservoirs[C]//Proceedings of the Petroleum Geology in NW Europe.London,United Kingdom:The Geological Society,2003:633-639.
[10] RICE D D,CLAYPOOL G E.Generation,accumulation,and resource potential of biogenic gas[J].AAPG Bulletin,1981,65(1):5-25.
[11] MILKOV A V.Worldwide distribution and significance of secondary microbial methane formed during petroleum biodegradation in conventional reservoirs[J].Organic Geochemistry,2011,42(2):184-207.
[12] 李先奇,张水昌,朱光有,等.中国生物成因气的类型划分与研究方向[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(4):477-484.
LI Xianqi,ZHANG Shuichang,ZHU Guangyou,et al.Types and research direction of biogenic gas in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2005,16(4):477-484.
[13] 张林晔,李学田.济阳坳陷滨海地区浅层天然气成因[J].石油勘探与开发,1990,17(1):1-7.
ZHANG Linye,LI Xuetian.The origin of nature gas in the shallow reservoir in Binhai Area in Jiyang Depression[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,1990,17(1):1-7.
[14] 张水昌,赵文智,李先奇,等.生物气研究新进展与勘探策略[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):90-96.
ZHANG Shuichang,ZHAO Wenzhi,LI Xianqi,et al.Advances in biogenic gas studies and play strategies[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(4):90-96.
[15] 王万春,刘文汇,刘全有.浅层混源天然气判识的碳同位素地球化学分析[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):469-473.
WANG Wanchun,LIU Wenhui,LIU Quanyou.Analyses of the carbon isotopic geochemistry of the mix-sourced shallow reservoir natural gas identification[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(6):469-473.
[16] 高阳,金强,帅燕华,等.渤海湾盆地生物气成因类型与成藏条件[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):407-414.
GAO Yang,JIN Qiang,SHUAI Yanhua,et al.Genetic types and accumulation conditions of biogas in Bohaiwan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,201l,22(3):407-414.
[17] 王政军,朱光有,王政国,等.原油降解气的形成条件及其特征[J].天然气工业,2008,28(11):29-33.
WANG Zhengjun,ZHU Guangyou,WANG Zhengguo,et al.2008.Characteristics of oil-biodegradation gas and their discriminant index system[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(11):29-33.
[18] 彭文绪,周心怀,彭刚,等.渤海海域油气藏特征统计分析[J].中国海上油气,2008,20(1):18-21.
PENG Wenxu,ZHOU Xinhuai,PENG Gang,et al.2008.A statistical analysis of hydrocarbon pool characteristics in Bohai Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2008,20(1):18-21.
[19] 林军章,冯云,谭晓明,等.生物成因稠油与伴生气形成过程模拟研究——以林樊家地区浅层气和稠油为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(2):85-89.
LIN Junzhang,FENG Yun,TAN Xiaoming,et al.A simulation experiment of formation of biodegraded heavy oil and associated gas:a case of shallow gas and heavy oil in Linfanjia Area[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(2):85-89.
[20] 王兴谋,刘士忠,张云银,等.济阳坳陷浅层次生气藏与稠油油藏的关系[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(6):36-40.
WANG Xingmou,LIU Shizhong,ZHANG Yunyin,et al.Discussion on the relationship between shallow secondary gas reservoir and heavy oil reservoir in Jiyang depression[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(6):36-40.
[21] 朱光有,张水昌,赵文智,等.中国稠油区浅层天然气地球化学特征与成因机制[J].中国科学 D辑:地球科学,2007,37(S2):80-89.
ZHU Guangyou,ZHANG Shuichang,ZHAO Wenzhi,et al.Formation mechanism and geochemical characteristics of shallow natural gas in heavy oil province,China[J].Science in China Series D:Earth Science,2008,51(S1):96-106.
[22] SCOTT A R,KAISER W R,AYERS W B JR.Thermogenic and secondary biogenic gases,San Juan Basin,Colorado and New Mexico-Implications for coalbed gas producibility[J].AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(8):1186-1209.
[23] LARTER S,HOCKEY A,APLIN A,et al.When biodegradation preserves petroleum! Petroleum geochemistry of N.Sea Oil Rimmed Gas Accumulations (ORGAs)[C]//Proceedings AAPG Hedberg Research Conference on Natural Gas Formation and Occurrence.Durango,CO:AAPG,1999.
[24] SWEENEY R E,TAYLOR P.Biogenic methane derived from biodegradation of petroleum under environmental conditions and in oil & gas reservoirs[C]//Proceedings of the AAPG Hedberg Research Conference on Natural Gas Formation and Occurrence.Tulsa,Oklahoma:AAPG,1999:6-10.
[25] BOREHAM C J,HOPE J M,HARTUNG-KAGI B.Understanding source,distribution and preservation of Australian natural gas:a geochemical perspective[J].The APPEA Journal,2001,41(1):523-547.
[26] BOLL M,FUCHS G,HEIDER J.Anaerobic oxidation of aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons[J].Current Opinion in Chemical Biology,2002,6(5):604-611.
[27] WIDDEL F,RABUS R.Anaerobic biodegradation of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,2001,12(3):259-276.
[28] DAI Jinxing,CHEN Ying.Characteristics of carbon isotopes of alkane components and identification marks of biogenic gases in China[J].Science in China Series B,1994,37(2):231-241.
[29] IRWIN H,CURTIS C,COLEMAN M.Isotopic evidence for source of diagenetic carbonates formed during burial of organic-rich sediments[J].Nature,1977,269(5625):209-213.
[30] ZENGLER K,RICHNOW H H,ROSSELLO-MORA R,et al.Methane formation from long-chain alkanes by anaerobic microorganisms[J].Nature,1999,401(6750):266-269.
[31] HEIDER J.Adding handles to unhandy substrates:anaerobic hydrocarbon activation mechanisms[J].Current Opinion in Chemical Biology,2007,11(2):188-194.
[32] TAN B,NESBO C,FOGHT J.Re-analysis of omics data indicates Smithella may degrade alkanes by addition to fumarate under methanogenic conditions[J].The ISME Journal,2014,8(12):2353-2356.
[33] JIMÉNEZ N,RICHNOW H H,VOGT C,et al.Methanogenic Hydrocarbon Degradation:evidence from Field and Laboratory Studies[J].Journal of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology,2016,26:227-242.
[34] ROTARU A E,SHRESTHA P M,LIU Fanghua,et al.Direct interspecies electron transfer between Geobacter metallireducens and Methanosarcina barkeri[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2014,80(15):4599-4605.
[35] ROTARU A E,SHRESTHA P M,LIU Fanghua,et al.A new model for electron flow during anaerobic digestion:direct interspecies electron transfer to Methanosaeta for the reduction of carbon dioxide to methane[J].Energy & Environmental Science,2014,7(1):408-415.
[36] DOLFING J.Thermodynamic constraints on syntrophic acetate oxidation[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2014,80(4):1539-1541.
[37] HATTORI S.Syntrophic acetate-oxidizing microbes in methanogenic environments[J].Microbes and Environments,2008,23(2):118-127.
[38] DOLFING J,LARTER S R,HEAD I M.Thermodynamic constraints on methanogenic crude oil biodegradation[J].The ISME Journal,2008,2(4):442-452.
[39] KOTSYURBENKO O R,FRIEDRICH M W,SIMANKOVA M V,et al.Shift from acetoclastic to H2 -dependent methanogenesis in a West Siberian peat bog at low pH values and isolation of an acidophilic Methanobacterium strain[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2007,73(7):2344-2348.
[40] MAYUMI D,MOCHIMARU H,YOSHIOKA H,et al.Evidence for syntrophic acetate oxidation coupled to hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis in the high-temperature petroleum reservoir of Yabase oil field (Japan)[J].Environmental Microbiology,2011,13(8):1995-2006.
[41] MILKOV A V.Worldwide distribution and significance of secondary microbial methane formed during petroleum biodegradation in conventional reservoirs[J].Organic Geochemistry,2011,42(2):184-207.
[42] SCHLEGEL M E,MCINTOSH J C,BATES B L,et al.Comparison of fluid geochemistry and microbiology of multiple organic-rich reservoirs in the Illinois Basin,USA:evidence for controls on methanogenesis and microbial transport[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,2011,75(7):1903-1919.
[43] SIEGERT M,CICHOCKA D,HERRMANN S,et al.Accelerated methanogenesis from aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons under iron- and sulfate-reducing conditions[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,2011,315(1):6-16.
[44] WALDRON P J,PETSCH S T,MARTINI A M,et al.Salinity constraints on subsurface archaeal diversity and methanogenesis in sedimentary rock rich in organic matter[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,2007,73(13):4171-4179.
[45] HEAD I M,JONES D M,LARTER S R.Biological activity in the deep subsurface and the origin of heavy oil[J].Nature,2003,426(6964):344-352.
[46] WILHELMS A,LARTER S R,HEAD I,et al.Biodegradation of oil in uplifted basins prevented by deep-burial sterilization[J].Nature,2001,411(6841):1034-1037.
[47] 王广源,周心怀,王昕,等.蓬莱19-3/25-6油田未熟-低熟油特征与成因[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(2):230-237.
WANG Guangyuan,ZHOU Xinhuai,WANG Xin,et al.Characteristics and genesis of immature and low-matire oils in Penglai 19-3 and 25-6 Oilfields[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2014,36(2):230-237.
[48] ZEIKUS J G.Chemical and fuel production by anaerobic bacteria[J].Annual Review of Microbiology,1980,34:423-464.
[49] 李明宅,张洪年.生物气成藏规律研究[J].天然气工业,1997(2):6-10.
LI Mingzhai,ZHANG Hongnian.Research on the Formation of biogas reservoir[J].Natural Gas Industry,1997(2):6-10.
[50] JONES D M,HEAD I M,GRAY N D,et al.Crude-oil biodegradation via methanogenesis in subsurface petroleum reservoirs[J].Nature,2008,451(7175):176-180.
[51] 李虞庚.石油微生物学[M].冯世功,译.上海:上海交通大学出版社,1991:21-135.
LI Yugeng.Petroleum Microbiology[M].FENG Shigong,trans.Shanghai:Shanghai Jiaotong University Press,1991:21-135.
[52] WHITICAR M J,FABER E,SCHOELL M.Biogenic methane formation in marine and freshwater environments:CO₂ reduction vs.acetate fermentation-isotope evidence[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1986,50(5):693-709.
[53] ROWE D,MUEHLENBACHS A.Low-temperature thermal generation of hydrocarbon gases in shallow shales[J].Nature,1999,398(6722):61-63.
[54] BOLL M,FUCHS G,HEIDER J.Anaerobic oxidation of aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons[J].Current Opinion in Chemical Biology,2002,6(5):604-611.
[55] WIDDEL F,RABUS R.Anaerobic biodegradation of saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons[J].Current Opinion in Biotechnology,2001,12(3):259-276.
[56] LARTER S,WILHELMS A,HEAD I,et al.The controls on the composition of biodegraded oils in the deep subsurface-part 1:biodegradation rates in petroleum reservoirs[J].Organic Geochemistry,2003,34(4):601-613.

Geochemical characteristics and genesis of biodegradation gas from crude oil in PL 19-3 oilfield in the Bohai Sea

渤海海域蓬莱19-3油田原油生物降解气地球化学特征与成因

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments

[1]	Li Boliang, Li Binfei, Ji Yanmin, Gai Pingyuan, Wang Jian, Li Zhaomin, Wang Chengjian. Mechanism and application of flue gas-assisted steam injection for heavy oil recovery [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(3): 574-585.
[2]	Xu Changgui, Zhou Jiaxiong, Yang Haifeng, Ye Tao. New fields, new types and resource potentials of oil-gas exploration in Bohai Sea [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(1): 163-182.
[3]	Lu Teng, Li Zhaomin, Gu Zihan, Mu Jinfeng, Ding Guo, Wang Yiping, Du Huajun. Microcosmic mechanism of viscosity-reducing foam system in ultra-deep heavy oil and its field application [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(8): 1344-1355.
[4]	Chen Gangqiang, Zhang Lei, Wang Dongyong, Ma Wanyun, Niu Zhijie, Zou Xianli. A stereo model of accumulation from normal oil to heavy oil to oil sand to bitumen in Wuerhe area, Junggar Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(7): 1072-1084.
[5]	Guan Wenlong, Jiang Youwei, Guo Erpeng, Wang Bojun. Heavy oil development strategy under the “Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality” target [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(5): 826-840.
[6]	Dang Wei, Zhang Jinchuan, Nie Haikuan, Wang Fengqin, Tang Xuan, Jiang Shu, Wei Xiaoliang, Liu Qiubo, Li Pei, Li Fei, Sun Jiangtao. Microscopic occurrence characteristics of shale oil and their main controlling factors: a case study of the 3rd submember continental shale of Member 7 of Yanchang Formation in Yan'an area, Ordos Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(4): 507-523.
[7]	Xue Yong'an, Yang Haifeng, Xu Chunqiang, Wang Liliang, Gao Yanfei, Xie Xiang. Accumulation conditions and key technologies for exploration of Kenli6-1 as the hundred-million-ton-level lithologic oilfield in Bohai Bay Basin [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(2): 307-324.
[8]	Sun Huanquan, Liu Huiqing, Wang Haitao, Shu Qinglin, Wu Guanghuan, Yang Yuanliang. Development technology and direction of thermal recovery of heavy oil in China [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(11): 1664-1674.
[9]	Guo Jianying, Zhou Lihong, Li Jian, Lou Da, Qi Xuening, Pu Xiugang, Fu Lixin, Chen Dawei, Li Zhisheng, Hao Aisheng, Xie Zengye, Li Hongjun, Jiang Wenya, Feng Jianyuan. Geochemical characteristics and differential accumulation of natural gas in Wumaying buried-hill, Huanghua depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(8): 1039-1052.
[10]	Li Xiaoguang. Accumulation conditions,key technologies for exploration and development of heavy oil in Huanxiling oilfield, Liaohe depression [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(4): 541-560.
[11]	Xue Yong'an, Wang Deying, Wang Feilong, Tang Guomin. Formation conditions and exploration potential of condensate and light oil reservoirs in Bohai Sea [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(12): 1581-1591.
[12]	Zhang Shengfei, Sun Xinge, Gou Yan, Zhang Zhongyi, Wang Hongzhuang, Zhou Xiaoyi, Xie Yangbo, Lü Bolin. Application status and thinking of flow control devices in SAGD [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(10): 1395-1404.
[13]	Pang Xiaojun, Niu Chengmin, Du Xiaofeng, Wang Qingbin, Dai Liming. Q uantitative characterization of differences in glutenite reservoir in the Member 1 and 2 of Shahejie Formation in the northeastern margin of Shijiutuo uplift,Bohai Sea [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(9): 1073-1088.
[14]	Cui Chuanzhi, Zheng Wenqian, Zhu Yangwen, Yuan Fuqing, Wu Zhongwei, Sui Yingfei. A method for optimizing the location of infill wells exploited by viscosity reduction chemical flooding after steam huff and puff stimulation [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(12): 1643-1648,1656.
[15]	Xue Yong'an, Niu Chengmin, Wang Deying, Yang Chuanchao, Liu Yongjun, Zhang Hongguo, Wang Yuechuan. New understanding of shallow hydrocarbon migration and new exploration progress in the Bohai Sea [J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2019, 40(S2): 29-37.