Ponded turbidites in stratigraphic records

doi:10.7623/syxb202510011

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 1970-1984.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202510011

• REVIEW • Previous Articles

Ponded turbidites in stratigraphic records

Li Xiangdong¹, Huan Yaqi², Yang Min¹, Zhang Linke³

1. Faculty of Land Resource Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan Kunming 650093, China;
2. Production Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Jidong Oilfield Company, Hebei Tangshan 063000, China;
3. Changqing Branch of Geophysical Research Institute, CNPC BGP Inc., Shaanxi Xi'an 710021, China

Received:2024-05-07 Revised:2025-03-04 Published:2025-11-04

地层记录中的阻塞浊流沉积

李向东¹, 郇雅棋², 杨敏¹, 张林科³

1. 昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院云南昆明 650093;
2. 中国石油冀东油田公司采油工艺研究院河北唐山 063000;
3. 中国石油东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司研究院长庆分院陕西西安 710021

通讯作者: 李向东,男,1973年2月生,2010年获长江大学博士学位,现为昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院副教授,主要从事沉积学研究与教学工作。
作者简介:李向东,男,1973年2月生,2010年获长江大学博士学位,现为昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院副教授,主要从事沉积学研究与教学工作。Email:lixiangdong614@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(No.41272119)资助。

Abstract

Abstract: The ponded turbidity current refer to the sediment formed when turbidity current is partially or entirely obstructed by submarine uplifting area in flow process, leading to deposition in topographic depression. In stratigraphic records, numerous classic turbidity current deposits have been identified as ponded turbidites. Accurate identification and systematical investigation of these deposits, combined with exploration on the difference between ponded and not-ponded turbidity currents, are critical for refining the study of deep-water allogenic deposits. Based on the existing studies the paper systematically analyzes the characteristics of ponded turbidites from the aspects of current research status, sedimentation mechanisms, sedimentary characteristics, identification markers, vertical sequences, and hydrocarbon geological significance. Specifically, seven identification markers are summarized, including the tabular sandstone beds, sandstone with thick mudstone cap, reverse sedimentary structure, abnormal Bauma sequence, special lateral pinch-out pattern of sandstone, hybrid beds, and repetitive/superimposed sedimentary structures. Ponded turbidites can be classified into three types and six sedimentary sequences. The alluvial sedimentary sequences include three types: near-slope deposition sequence, the evolution sequence of turbid currents to clastic flows, and the sedimentary sequences formed by the impact near-slope fluids. Repetitive sedimentary sequences include two types of sedimentary sequences formed by the upward thinning of sandstone grain size and the altercation of sandstone and mudstone. Reflective sedimentary sequences are those formed by the reflection of distal-to-slope turbidity currents. The systematic summary of identification marks can help better identify the ponded turbidity current deposits in stratigraphic records, carry out investigations on sedimentary mechanism, and refine the study of gravity-flow deposits, which is of vital significance to the related hydrocarbon exploration.

Key words: ponded turbidity current, sedimentary characteristics, sedimentary sequence, identical characteristics, hydrocarbon exploration

摘要： 阻塞浊流是指浊流在流动过程中,受海底高地形影响,被全部或部分阻挡在地形低洼处而发生的沉积。在地层记录中,许多经典的浊流沉积已被证实均为阻塞浊流。对阻塞浊流开展准确识别和系统研究,探索阻塞浊流与非阻塞浊流的差别,对于细化深水异地沉积至关重要。在已有研究的基础上,从研究现状、沉积机理、沉积特征、鉴别标志、垂向序列和油气地质意义等方面对阻塞浊流沉积进行系统分析,系统总结了阻塞浊流的鉴别标志与沉积序列。7种鉴别标志分别为砂岩层呈板状形态、砂岩具有较厚泥帽、反向沉积构造、反常鲍玛序列、特殊的砂岩层侧向尖灭现象、混杂层、重复或叠置的沉积构造。阻塞浊流可划分为3类6种沉积序列:冲击类沉积序列包括近斜坡沉积、浊流向碎屑流演化和近斜坡流体冲击所形成的3种沉积序列;重复类沉积序列包括砂岩向上粒度变细和砂泥岩交替所形成的2种沉积序列;反射类沉积序列即远离斜坡浊流反射形成的沉积序列。明确阻塞浊流沉积的鉴别标志可以更好地识别地层记录中的阻塞浊流并对其开展沉积机制研究,细化重力流沉积研究,同时对相关油气勘探具有重要意义。

关键词: 阻塞浊流, 沉积特征, 沉积序列, 鉴别标志, 油气勘探

CLC Number:

TE121.3

Li Xiangdong, Huan Yaqi, Yang Min, Zhang Linke. Ponded turbidites in stratigraphic records[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(10): 1970-1984.

李向东, 郇雅棋, 杨敏, 张林科. 地层记录中的阻塞浊流沉积[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(10): 1970-1984.

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Ponded turbidites in stratigraphic records

地层记录中的阻塞浊流沉积

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