Large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation factors and characteristics of marine carbonate reservoirs in three large onshore cratonic basins in China

doi:10.7623/syxb2012S2001

ACTA PETROLEI SINICA ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (S2): 1-10.DOI: 10.7623/syxb2012S2001

• Petroleum Exploration • Next Articles

Large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation factors and characteristics of marine carbonate reservoirs in three large onshore cratonic basins in China

ZHAO Wenzhi 1 　WANG Zecheng 2 　HU Suyun 2 PAN Wenqing 3 YANG Yu 4 BAO Hongping 5 WANG Hongjun 2

Received:2012-06-05 Revised:2012-10-17 Online:2012-12-25 Published:2013-03-01

中国陆上三大克拉通盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气藏大型化成藏条件与特征

赵文智 1　汪泽成 2　胡素云 2 　潘文庆 3 　杨　雨 4　包洪平 5 　王红军 2

1. 中国石油勘探与生产公司北京 100007; 2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083; 3. 中国石油塔里木油田公司新疆库尔勒 841000;4. 中国石油西南油气田公司四川成都 610051; 5. 中国石油长庆油田公司陕西西安 710000

通讯作者: 赵文智
作者简介:赵文智，男，1958年8月生，1982年毕业于西北大学地质系，现为中国石油勘探与生产公司书记、副总经理、教授级高级工程师，长期从事石油地质综合研究。
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项（2008ZX05004）和中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项（2008E-07）资助。

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years, a series of large oil-gas fields dominated by stratigraphic-lithological reservoirs have been found in marine carbonate reservoirs in three large onshore basins in China, i.e., Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, and Ordos Basin. Despite low abundance of reserves in each of these oil-gas reservoirs, their overall scale is large due to cluster distribution. In order to reveal accumulation factors and distribution patterns of large-scale oil-gas fields in marine carbonate reservoirs, this study analyzed and discussed large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation factors and characteristics of marine carbonate reservoirs in the three large cratonic basins from four aspects: (1) tectonic evolution of cratonic basin; (2) distribution of hydrocarbon source kitchen; (3) development conditions of effective reservoirs; and (4) model of hydrocarbon accumulation. Results show that widely distributed hydrocarbon kitchens and their late large-scale accumulation are resource base of large oil-gas fields. A large area of reefs and shoals in stratoid distribution and karst reservoirs controlled by unconformity surface provide effective reservoir space for formation of large oil-gas fields. Coupling of annealing geothermal field and progressive burial is an important mechanism of large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation in marine carbonate reservoirs in the cratonic basins. Downward invasion model, lift model, and switching model are important pathways for petroleum accumulation. This study indicates that palaeouplifts and associated slope zones, reefs and shoals in platform margin zone, intra-platform shoals symbiotic with evaporites, and deep faults meet geological conditions for large-scale oil-gas field formation in carbonate reservoirs, and thus are favorable zones for oil-gas exploration.

Key words: marine carbonate rock, stratigraphic-lithologic reservoir, cluster distribution, large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation, favorable zone, Tarim Basin, Sichuan Basin, Ordos Basin

摘要：

近年来，在塔里木、四川、鄂尔多斯三大盆地海相碳酸盐岩层系中相继发现了一批以地层-岩性油气藏为主体的大油气田，虽然单个油气藏储量丰度低，但由于油气藏呈集群式分布，因此总体油气储量规模大。为了揭示海相碳酸盐岩大油气田形成条件和分布规律，本文从盆地的构造演化、烃源灶的分布范围、有效储层的发育条件以及油气成藏模式等方面，来分析和探讨中国三大克拉通盆地海相碳酸盐岩层系油气藏大型化成藏条件与特征。研究表明，大范围分布的烃源灶及其晚期规模生烃是大油气田形成的资源基础;大面积呈似层状分布的礁滩体及受不整合面控制的岩溶储集体为大油气田的形成提供了有效储集空间;“退火”地温场与递进埋深的耦合是大范围油气成藏的重要机制;下侵式、扬程式、转接式成藏模式是油气大范围成藏的重要途径。古隆起及其斜坡带、台缘带礁滩体、与蒸发岩共生的台内滩、深大断裂带具备形成碳酸盐岩大油气田地质条件，是油气勘探的有利区带。

关键词: 海相碳酸盐岩, 地层-岩性油气藏, 集群式分布, 大型化成藏, 有利区带, 塔里木盆地, 四川盆地, 鄂尔多斯盆地

ZHAO Wenzhi WANG Zecheng HU Suyun PAN Wenqing YANG Yu BAO Hongping. Large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation factors and characteristics of marine carbonate reservoirs in three large onshore cratonic basins in China[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2012, 33(S2): 1-10.

赵文智汪泽成胡素云潘文庆杨　雨包洪平王红军. 中国陆上三大克拉通盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气藏大型化成藏条件与特征[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(S2): 1-10.

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Large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation factors and characteristics of marine carbonate reservoirs in three large onshore cratonic basins in China

中国陆上三大克拉通盆地海相碳酸盐岩油气藏大型化成藏条件与特征

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