Situation, challenge and future direction of experimental methods for geological evaluation of shale oil

doi:10.7623/syxb202301005

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (1): 72-90.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202301005

Situation, challenge and future direction of experimental methods for geological evaluation of shale oil

Hou Lianhua^1,2, Wu Songtao^1,2,3, Jiang Xiaohua^1,2,3, Tian Hua^1,2,3, Yu Zhichao^1,2,3, Li Yafeng⁴, Liao Fengrong^1,2,3, Wang Chanfei¹, Shen Yue^1,5, Li Mengying¹, Hua Ganlin^1,2,3, Zhou Chuanmin^1,2,3, Li Hua⁴

1. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China;
2. National Energy Tight Oil and Gas Research & Development Center, Beijing 100083, China;
3. CNPC Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir, Beijing 100083, China;
4. PetroChina Qinghai Oilfield Company, Gansu Dunhuang 736202, China;
5. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

Received:2022-08-22 Revised:2022-12-09 Online:2023-01-25 Published:2023-02-14

页岩油地质评价实验方法现状、挑战与发展方向

侯连华^1,2, 吴松涛^1,2,3, 姜晓华^1,2,3, 田华^1,2,3, 于志超^1,2,3, 李亚锋⁴, 廖凤蓉^1,2,3, 王婵菲¹, 沈月^1,5, 李梦莹¹, 华柑霖^1,2,3, 周川闽^1,2,3, 李华⁴

1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
2. 国家能源致密油气研发中心北京 100083;
3. 中国石油天然气集团有限公司油气储层重点实验室北京 100083;
4. 中国石油青海油田公司甘肃敦煌 736202;
5. 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院北京 102249

通讯作者: 吴松涛,男,1985年10月生,2019年获中国石油勘探开发研究院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事非常规油气地质与CO₂捕获、利用与封存(CCUS)研究工作。Email:wust@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:侯连华,男,1970年7月生,2003年获石油大学(北京)博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院石油地质实验研究中心主任、教授级高级工程师,主要从事常规、非常规油气理论技术研发与综合研究工作。Email:houlh@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技专项（2021DQ-0405）资助。

Abstract

Abstract: China is rich in lacustrine shale oil resource which has become one of national strategic resource. As a typical representative of self-sourced petroleum resources, shale oil enrichment has the characteristic of in-situ generation and inner-sourced storage. The occurrence and production mechanism of shale oil and gas in micro/nano-scale pore-fracture system is complex. Laboratory-based device innovation and technological revolution are important driving force to promote the theoretical innovation, large-scale exploration, and effective production of lacustrine shale oil. Through summarizing the research progress and main understandings of several hotspots involving the geological evaluation of shale oil such as fine-grained sedimentation and organic matter enrichment, rock structure and mineral composition, micro/nano-scale pore-fracture system, fluid occurrence and movable fluid, and fracability and fracture propagation, it is proposed that the experimental method for geological evaluation of shale oil is changing from source rock to reservoir, from hydrocarbon generation capacity to hydrocarbon storage capacity, and from hydrocarbon expulsion capacity to hydrocarbon production capacity. At present, there are three challenges in the development of experimental techniques for shale oil evaluation. (1) It is difficult to accurately characterize the shale oil reservoirs of different scales due to fine-grained sedimentation and its complex mineral composition. (2) The mechanism of pore evolution and hydrocarbon occurrence is complex under the combined action of organic and inorganic materials so that it is very difficult to evaluate the hydrocarbon mobility. (3) It is difficult to completely reproduce the real geological conditions at the laboratory, and the accuracy of laboratory-based evaluation needs to be further improved. The future experimental method for the geological evaluation of shale oil should focus on strengthening the research of the in-situ, refined, multi-scale experimental devices and evaluation methods, the dynamic evaluation of key shale reservoir attributes, as well as the construction of field laboratory and integration of geological and engineering technology, so as to improve the accuracy of reservoir characterization and prediction based on experimental technology, as well as the application of field laboratory. The relevant research and understanding are expected to provide the technical support for the geological evaluation of lacustrine shale oil, and a reference for the research on both enrichment theory and technological innovation of mobility evaluation.

Key words: unconventional oil and gas, nano pore, mobility, sweet-spot evaluation, integration of geology and engineering

摘要： 中国陆相页岩油资源丰富，已成为国家战略性资源。作为源内油气资源的典型代表，页岩油具有"原生源储"的富集特征，在微米—纳米级孔-缝系统内油气赋存与产出机理复杂。基于实验室的装置创新与技术革命是推动陆相页岩油理论创新、规模勘探与有效动用的重要助力。通过系统梳理细粒沉积与有机质富集、岩石结构与矿物组成、微米—纳米级孔-缝系统、流体赋存与可动流体、可压性与裂缝扩展等涉及页岩油地质评价热点领域的研究进展和主要认识，提出页岩油地质评价的实验方法要实现从烃源岩向储层、从生烃能力向储烃能力、从排烃能力向产烃能力的转变。当前，页岩油地质评价实验技术的发展面临3方面挑战：①细粒沉积矿物成分复杂，不同尺度储层准确表征难度大；②页岩储层在有机-无机复合作用控制下的孔隙演化和烃类赋存机理复杂，油气可动性评价难度大；③实验室难以完全复制地下真实的地质条件，实验评价的准确性有待提高。页岩油地质评价实验方法的下一步研发重点包括加强原位、精细化、跨尺度实验装置与评价方法的研发，加强页岩关键属性动态演化评价方法以及现场实验室建设与地质工程一体化技术的研发，以提高实验室表征精度、预测精度与现场应用力度。相关研究和认识预期可为页岩油地质评价提供技术支持，并为陆相页岩油富集理论深化研究和可动性评价技术创新提供借鉴。

关键词: 非常规油气, 纳米孔, 可动性, 甜点评价, 地质工程一体化

CLC Number:

TE122.2

Hou Lianhua, Wu Songtao, Jiang Xiaohua, Tian Hua, Yu Zhichao, Li Yafeng, Liao Fengrong, Wang Chanfei, Shen Yue, Li Mengying, Hua Ganlin, Zhou Chuanmin, Li Hua. Situation, challenge and future direction of experimental methods for geological evaluation of shale oil[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(1): 72-90.

侯连华, 吴松涛, 姜晓华, 田华, 于志超, 李亚锋, 廖凤蓉, 王婵菲, 沈月, 李梦莹, 华柑霖, 周川闽, 李华. 页岩油地质评价实验方法现状、挑战与发展方向[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(1): 72-90.

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Situation, challenge and future direction of experimental methods for geological evaluation of shale oil

页岩油地质评价实验方法现状、挑战与发展方向

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