Accumulation characteristics and exploration potentials of gas accumulation belt in Q iongdongnan Basin

doi:10.7623/syxb202401013

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 226-240.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202401013

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Accumulation characteristics and exploration potentials of gas accumulation belt in Q iongdongnan Basin

Zhang Gongcheng¹, Ji Mo¹, Chen Ying¹, Gan Jun², Wang Dongdong³, Zhang Chunyu¹

1. CNOOC Research Institute Company Limited, Beijing 100028, China;
2. Hainan Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Hainan Haikou 570312, China;
3. College of Earth Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266590, China

Received:2023-10-02 Revised:2023-12-01 Online:2024-01-25 Published:2024-02-20

琼东南盆地“气聚集带”的成藏特征与勘探潜力

张功成¹, 纪沫¹, 陈莹¹, 甘军², 王东东³, 张春宇¹

1. 中海油研究总院有限责任公司北京 100028;
2. 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司海南海口 570312;
3. 山东科技大学地球科学与工程学院山东青岛 266590

通讯作者: 纪沫,女,1982年7月生,2010年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为中海油研究总院有限责任公司资深地质工程师,主要从事深水油气勘探和构造地质研究工作。Email:jimo@cnooc.com.cn
作者简介:张功成,男,1966年1月生,1994年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为国务院政府特殊津贴专家、中国海洋石油有限公司资深勘探专家、教授级高级工程师,主要从事海洋油气勘探研究工作。Email:zhanggch@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
中国海洋石油集团有限公司"十四五"科技重大项目"南海北部深水区勘探关键技术"（KJGG2021-0100）、国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发"（2016ZX05026）、国家重点基础研究发展计划（973）项目"南海深水盆地油气资源形成与分布基础性研究"（2009CB219400）和国家自然科学基金项目"南海深海地质演变对油气资源的控制作用"（No.91528303）资助。

Abstract

Abstract: In China, Qiongdongnan Basin is the only place where large coal type gas fields have been discovered in shallow water, deep water, and ultra-deep water areas. Therefore, it is of important theoretical and practical significance to explore the geological characteristics of natural gas and new exploration fields in the basin. Based on regional geological, seismic, drilling, and geochemical testing, the paper analyzes the accumulation characteristics and exploration potentials of Qiongdongnan Basin. The results indicate that a tectonic framework of "two uplifts and two subbasins" was formed during the deposition period of Yacheng Formation in Qiongdongnan Basin. The coal-type source rocks (including coal-measure source rocks and terrestrial marine source rocks) of Yacheng Formation are the major source rocks, and the source kitchen of coal-type source rocks in the (fan) delta of the Oligocene Yacheng Formation mainly shows a bead-like distribution along the northern margin of the northern depression, the southern and northern margins of the central depression belt. The maturity of coal-type source rocks in the northern margin of the northern depression is low and has not come up to the main gas generation stage. The coal-type source rocks at the southern and northern margins of the central depression belt are mature and have entered the main gas generation stage. Coal-measure source rocks and the surrounding terrestrial marine mudstones developed in each (fan) delta are one source kitchen. As controlled by the source kitchen of the Oligocene coal-type source rocks, two large gas accumulation belts were formed at the southern and northern margins of the central depression belt. The main exploration areas for coal-type natural gas include uplifts, step-fault belts, gentle slope belts, and turbidite bodies inside sags in the gas accumulation belt, showing great exploration prospects, and the natural gas resources are expected to exceed 2×10¹²m³.

Key words: Qiongdongnan Basin, coal-measure(fan) delta, source kitchen, gas accumulation belt, exploration field

摘要： 琼东南盆地是中国近海的一个在浅水区、深水区、超深水区均发现煤型大气田的盆地，探讨其天然气地质特征及勘探新领域具有重要的理论和实际意义。笔者基于区域地质、地震、钻井、地球化学测试等数据分析了琼东南盆地的成藏特征和勘探潜力。研究结果表明：琼东南盆地在崖城组沉积期具有"两隆两坳"的构造格局，崖城组的煤型烃源岩（包括煤系烃源岩和陆源海相烃源岩）是主要的烃源岩，以渐新统崖城组（扇）三角洲为中心的煤型烃源岩的生烃灶，主要沿北部坳陷北缘、中央坳陷南缘和北缘呈串珠状分布；北部坳陷北缘的煤型烃源岩的成熟度低，未进入大量生气阶段；中央坳陷南缘和北缘的煤型烃源岩均已成熟，且已进入大量生气阶段；每个（扇）三角洲发育的煤系烃源岩及其周边的陆源海相泥岩均为1个富气生烃灶。受渐新世煤型烃源岩的生烃灶控制，形成了中央坳陷南缘和北缘2个大型气聚集带；气聚集带中的凸起、断阶带、缓坡带、凹中浊积体等圈闭是煤型天然气的主要勘探领域，勘探前景巨大，天然气资源量预计超过2×10¹²m³。

关键词: 琼东南盆地, 煤系(扇)三角洲, 生烃灶, 气聚集带, 勘探领域

CLC Number:

TE122.3

Zhang Gongcheng, Ji Mo, Chen Ying, Gan Jun, Wang Dongdong, Zhang Chunyu. Accumulation characteristics and exploration potentials of gas accumulation belt in Q iongdongnan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2024, 45(1): 226-240.

张功成, 纪沫, 陈莹, 甘军, 王东东, 张春宇. 琼东南盆地“气聚集带”的成藏特征与勘探潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 226-240.

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Accumulation characteristics and exploration potentials of gas accumulation belt in Q iongdongnan Basin

琼东南盆地“气聚集带”的成藏特征与勘探潜力

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