Abstract: Phenols are isolated from crude oils using C₁₈ solid chromatographic column. The content of the compounds in oils are much low, and the general characteristcs of the compounds are similar (such as the types of phenols), although there are some difference in relative distribution between marine and terrestrial oils. For example, there are more alkylphenols with longer alkyl chain in terrestrial oils than in the marine oils. Compared with nitrogenous compounds,phenols display similar oil migration effects during migration, but the factors that control their distribution are different. Original source type, oil migration, maturity, and so on, may be all have effects on alkylphenols.

Key words: crude oil, alkyl phenols, distribution characteristics, geochemical significance, original source, oil migration, maturit

摘要： 用C₁₈固定相萃取法可从原油中检测出C₀-C₃酚类.原油中仅有微量的酚类化合物,海相原油中酚类化合物的丰度高于陆相原油,可能指示原始有机质类型较好原油中酚类化合物的丰度偏高.发现陆相、海相不同成因类型原油中酚类化合物总体分布相似,具有相同的化合物种类与峰群分布;但相对分布有一定的差异,陆相原油相对富集长链取代酚(乙基、丙基酚)与多甲基取代酚(三甲基酚),可能体现原始母源的结构差异.烷基酚类化合物可显示与吡咯类含氮化合物类似的运移分馏效应,但控制酚类化合物分布的因素不完全等同于含氮化合物.除了母源、油气运移因素外,原油中烷基酚类化合物的分布还可能与成熟度、油水岩相互作用有关.

关键词: 原油, 烷基酚类, 分布特征, 地球化学意义, 母源, 油气运移, 成熟度