北部湾低渗透油田储层“甜点”评价方法

doi:10.7623/syxb202106005

石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 751-764.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202106005

北部湾低渗透油田储层“甜点”评价方法

姜平¹, 张辉¹, 王磊^1,2, 汪新光¹, 向耀权¹

1. 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司广东湛江 524057;
2. 中国地质大学(武汉)资源学院湖北武汉 430074

收稿日期:2020-05-06 修回日期:2021-03-25 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-07-06
通讯作者: 王磊,男,1986年6月生,2010年获中国地质大学(北京)学士学位,现为中国地质大学(武汉)博士研究生、中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江/海南分公司油藏工程师,主要从事海上油气田开发方案和提高采收率的研究工作。Email:wanglei95@cnooc.com.cn
作者简介:姜平,男,1971年3月生,1994年获中国地质大学(武汉)学士学位,2014年获中国地质大学(武汉)博士学位,现为中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江/海南分公司总工程师(开发)、教授级高级工程师,主要从事海上石油天然气开发研究和管理工作。Email:jiangp@cnooc.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05024-006）和中海石油（中国）有限公司重大科技专项（CNOOC-KJ135ZDXM38ZJ01ZJ）资助。

An evaluation method of reservoir “sweet spots” in low permeability oilfields of Beibuwan Basin

Jiang Ping¹, Zhang Hui¹, Wang Lei^1,2, Wang Xinguang¹, Xiang Yaoquan¹

1. Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Guangdong Zhanjiang 524057, China;
2. Faculty of Earth Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Hubei Wuhan 430074, China

Received:2020-05-06 Revised:2021-03-25 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-07-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 海上油田经济门槛高、工业开发下限难以确定。目前，主要通过储层"甜点"的开发带动低渗透油田的建产，因此，海上低渗透油田储层"甜点"的识别十分重要。通过分析南海西部北部湾油田大量室内实验和生产测试资料，明确储层微观孔喉结构的差异是影响低渗透储层渗流能力的主要因素。利用地质统计学方法和聚类分析方法筛选出表征低渗透储层特征的关键参数，建立储层品质指数与储层微观参数和渗流能力的关系，量化5类低渗透储层的分类界限，进而基于灰色关联理论建立低渗透储层分类评价方法，定量评价了北部湾油田低渗透区块的储层品质，并根据北部湾低渗透油田产能评价方法和产量递减规律，结合区域经济评价参数与开发模式建立合理的经济评价模型。通过引入储层价值因子绘制海上储层"甜点"工业开发评价图版，确定北部湾油田能够实现工业开发的储层"甜点"下限为Ⅲ类储层，评价结果与油田实际开发情况匹配。同时，根据北部湾油田低渗透区块的区域规律，确定储层"甜点"工业开发的有效渗透率下限为1.1~1.6 mD。

关键词: 北部湾盆地, 低渗透油田, 储层分类评价, 产能评价, 储层价值因子

Abstract: For offshore oilfields, the economic threshold is high and the lower limit of reservoirs for industrial development is difficult to be determined. At present, the development of low permeability oilfields is mainly driven by the development of reservoir "sweet spots". Therefore, it is essential to identify the sweet spots of offshore low permeability oilfields. By analyzing plenty of laboratory experimental and production test data in Beibuwan oilfield of western South China Sea, it is clearified that the difference in the microscopic pore throat structures of different reservoirs is the main factor affecting the flow capacity of low permeability reservoirs. Using geostatistic and cluster analysis methods, this paper selects the key parameters for characterizing low permeability reservoirs, establishes the relationship between the reservoir quality index and the microscopic parameters and flow capacity of the reservoir, quantifies the classification boundaries of the five types of low permeability reservoirs, then establishes a classification and evaluation method of low permeability reservoirs based on gray correlation theory, and quantitatively evaluates the reservoir quality of the low permeability blocks in Beibuwan oilfield. Additionally, a reasonable economic evaluation model has been established according to the productivity evaluation method and production decline law of low permeability oilfields in Beibuwan oilfield, in combination with regional economic evaluation parameters and development models. By introducing the reservoir value factor to draw an evaluation plot for the industrial development of sweet spots in offshore reservoirs, it is determined that type III reservoir indicates the lower limit of reservoir "sweet spots" for industrial development in the Beibuwan oilfield, and the evaluation results match the actual development of the oilfields. Moreover, according to the regional law of the low permeability blocks of Beibuwan oilfield, the lower limit of the effective permeability for the industrial development of reservoir "sweet spots" is determined to be 1.1-1.6 mD.

Key words: Beibuwan Basin, low permeability oilfield, reservoir classification and evaluation, productivity evaluation, reservoir value factor

中图分类号:

TE311

姜平, 张辉, 王磊, 汪新光, 向耀权. 北部湾低渗透油田储层“甜点”评价方法[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(6): 751-764.

Jiang Ping, Zhang Hui, Wang Lei, Wang Xinguang, Xiang Yaoquan. An evaluation method of reservoir “sweet spots” in low permeability oilfields of Beibuwan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(6): 751-764.

参考文献

[1] 罗蛰潭,王允诚. 油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京:科学出版社,1986.
LUO Zhetan,WANG Yuncheng.The pore structure of oil-gas reservoirs[M].Beijing:Science Press,1986.
[2] 李道品.低渗透砂岩油田开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1997.
LI Daopin.The development of the low permeability sandstone oil field[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1997.
[3] 杨正明,张英芝,郝明强,等.低渗透油田储层综合评价方法[J].石油学报,2006,27(2):64-67.
YANG Zhengming,ZHANG Yingzhi,HAO Mingqiang,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of reservoir in low-permeability oilfields[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(2):64-67.
[4] 赵靖舟,吴少波,武富礼.论低渗透储层的分类与评价标准——以鄂尔多斯盆地为例[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(3):28-31.
ZHAO Jingzhou,WU Shaobo,WU Fuli.The classification and evaluation criterion of low permeability reservoir:an example from Ordos Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(3):28-31.
[5] 张金庆,杨凯雷,梁斌.我国海上低渗油田分类标准研究[J].中国海上油气,2012,24(6):25-27.
ZHANG Jinqing,YANG Kailei,LIANG Bin.A classification of low-permeability oilfields offshore China[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2012,24(6):25-27.
[6] 张仲宏,杨正明,刘先贵,等.低渗透油藏储层分级评价方法及应用[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):437-441.
ZHANG Zhonghong,YANG Zhengming,LIU Xiangui,et al.A grading evaluation method for low-permeability reservoirs and its application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):437-441.
[7] TRABELSI A,EKAMBA B,JAMESON J,et al.Reservoir rock type classification and variation of reservoir quality in the Arab Formation,Dukhan Field,Qatar[R].IPTC 13628,2009.
[8] ELLIOTT D C.The evaluation,classification,and disclosure of unconventional resources:issues and questions[R].SPE 114160,2008.
[9] 卢欢,王清斌,杜晓峰,等.低渗透储层类型划分及储层敏感性主控因素——以渤海海域古近系为例[J].石油学报,2019,40(11):1331-1345.
LU Huan,WANG Qingbin,DU Xiaofeng,et al.Low-permeability reservoir types classification and reservoir sensitivity controlling factors:a case study of Paleogene in Bohai Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(11):1331-1345.
[10] 丁芳.开发前期少井条件下低渗储层"甜点"建模表征技术及其应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2019,39(6):135-142.
DING Fang.Modeling and characterizing technique of the "sweet spot" and its application in low-permeability reservoirs with limited wells at the early stage of the development[J].Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2019,39(6):135-142.
[11] 郭春安,关平,师永民,等.基于测井曲线无量纲交会法的致密砂岩储层"甜点"识别及预测[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2020,56(2):262-270.
GUO Chun'an,GUAN Ping,SHI Yongmin,et al.Identification and prediction of "sweet spots" in tight sandstone reservoirs based on logging curve dimensionless rendezvous method[J].Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis,2020,56(2):262-270.
[12] 焦晨雪,王民,高阳,等.准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷风南4井区百口泉组砾岩致密油藏地质"甜点"测井评价[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2020,51(1):112-125.
JIAO Chenxue,WANG Min,GAO Yang,et al.Geological "sweet spots" log evaluation of conglomerate tight reservoir of Baikouquan formation in Fengnan 4 play,Mahu Sag,Junggar Basin[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2020,51(1):112-125.
[13] 李锦锋,杨连如,张凤博,等.下寺湾油田延长组长8段致密油富集主控因素及"甜点"模式[J].油气藏评价与开发,2019,9(6):1-9.
LI Jinfeng,YANG Lianru,ZHANG Fengbo,et al.Main controlling factors of enrichment and sweet spot mode of tight sandstone oil reservoir in Chang-8 Member of Yanchang Formation in Xiasiwan oilfield[J].Reservoir Evaluation and Development,2019,9(6):1-9.
[14] 李久娣,孙莉,魏水建,等.东海海域深层HG组低渗储层"甜点"预测方法及应用[J].石油物探,2019,58(5):758-765.
LI Jiudi,SUN Li,WEI Shuijian,et al."Sweet spot" prediction and its application in the low permeability reservoir of the deep HG Formation in the East China Sea[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2019,58(5):758-765.
[15] 唐振兴,赵家宏,王天煦.松辽盆地南部致密油"甜点区(段)"评价与关键技术应用[J].天然气地球科学,2019,30(8):1114-1124.
TANG Zhenxing,ZHAO Jiahong,WANG Tianxu.Evaluation and key technology application of "sweet area" of tight oil in southern Songliao Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2019,30(8):1114-1124.
[16] 胡素云,朱如凯,吴松涛,等.中国陆相致密油效益勘探开发[J].石油勘探与开发,2018,45(4):737-748.
HU Suyun,ZHU Rukai,WU Songtao,et al.Profitable exploration and development of continental tight oil in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2018,45(4):737-748.
[17] 廖东良,路保平,陈延军.页岩气地质甜点评价方法——以四川盆地焦石坝页岩气田为例[J].石油学报,2019,40(2):144-151.
LIAO Dongliang,LU Baoping,CHEN Yanjun.An evaluation method of geological sweet spots of shale gas reservoir:a case study of the Jiaoshiba gas field,Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(2):144-151.
[18] 赵楠,王磊,黄俊,等.不同岩性低渗储层分形特征对比及成因分析[J].中国海上油气,2020,32(1):87-94.
ZHAO Nan,WANG Lei,HUANG Jun,et al.Fractal characteristics comparison and genetic analysis of low permeability reservoirs with different lithologies[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2020,32(1):87-94.
[19] WANG Lei,LIU Changwei,JIANG Ping,et al.Characterization of two-phase flow in porous media using global mobility[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2019,177:188-197.
[20] 彭军,韩浩东,夏青松,等.深埋藏致密砂岩储层微观孔隙结构的分形表征及成因机理——以塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区柯坪塔格组为例[J].石油学报,2018,39(7):775-791.
PENG Jun,HAN haodong,XIA Qingsong,et al.Fractal characterization and genetic mechanism of micro-pore structure in deeply buried tight sandstone reservoirs:a case study of Kalpintag Formation in Shuntuoguole area,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(7):775-791.
[21] 赵彦超,陈淑慧,郭振华.核磁共振方法在致密砂岩储层孔隙结构中的应用——以鄂尔多斯大牛地气田上古生界石盒子组3段为例[J].地质科技情报,2006,25(1):109-112.
ZHAO Yanchao,CHEN Shuhui,GUO Zhenhua.Application of nuclear magnetic resonance technology to pore structure in tight sandstone:a case from third member of Shihezi Formation upper Paleozoic in Daniudi Gas Field,Ordos Basin[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2006,25(1):109-112.
[22] 崔连训.恒速压汞及核磁共振在低渗透储层评价中的应用[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2012,39(4):430-433.
CUI Lianxun.Application of constant-rate intruding mercury and nuclear magnetic resonance method to low permeability reservoir evaluation[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science & Technology Edition,2012,39(4):430-433.
[23] 李潮流,胡法龙,袁超,等.利用核磁共振与常规测井联合反演确定致密储层多矿物组分[J].石油学报,2018,39(9):1019-1027.
LI Chaoliu,HU Falong,YUAN Chao,et al.Multi-mineral components of tight reservoirs determined by joint inversion of nuclear magnetic resonance and conventional logs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2018,39(9):1019-1027.
[24] 邓克俊,谢然红.核磁共振测井理论及应用[M].青岛:中国石油大学出版社,2010.
DENG Kejun,Xie Ranhong.Theory and application of NMR logging[M].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum Press,2010.
[25] 王为民,郭和坤,叶朝辉.利用核磁共振可动流体评价低渗透油田开发潜力[J].石油学报,2001,22(6):40-44.
WANG Weimin,GUO Hekun,YE Zhaohui.The evaluation of development potential in low permeability oilfield by the aid of NMR movable fluid detecting technology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(6):40-44.
[26] 黄兴,李天太,王香增,等.致密砂岩储层可动流体分布特征及影响因素——以鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬油田延长组长8油层组为例[J].石油学报,2019,40(5):557-567.
HUANG Xing,LI Tiantai,WANG Xiangzeng,et al.Distribution characteristics and its influence factors of movable fluid in tight sandstone reservoir:a case study from Chang-8 oil layer of Yanchang Formation in Jiyuan oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2019,40(5):557-567.
[27] 张涛,张宪国,林承焰,等.基于常规测井的低渗透储层孔隙结构评价[J].成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2014,41(4):413-421.
ZHANG Tao,ZHANG Xianguo,LIN Chengyan,et al.Evaluation of pore structure in low permeability reservoirs based on common well logs[J].Journal of Chengdu university of technology:Science & Technology Edition,2014,41(4):413-421.
[28] 张海荣,杨冬,吴一雄.基于Fisher判别的储层分类渗透率预测技术[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(1):242-246.
ZHANG Hairong,YANG Dong,WU Yixiong.Classification of reservoir permeability prediction technology based on fisher discrimination[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2017,36(1):242-246.
[29] 潘爱芳,王方一,张道法,等.利用Q型聚类分析研究鄂尔多斯盆地多种能源矿产间的关系[J].地球科学与环境学报,2010,32(1):48-53.
PAN Aifang,WANG Fangyi,ZHANG Daofa,et al.Q-clustering analysis for relationship among multiple energy mineral deposits in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of Earch Sciences and Environment,2010,32(1):48-53.
[30] BHATTACHARYA S,BYMES A P,WATNEY W L,et al.Flow unit modeling and fine-scale predicted permeability validation in Atokan sandstones:Norcan East field,Kansas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2008,92(6):709-732.
[31] 宋子齐,谭成仟.灰色理论油气储层评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1995.
SONG Ziqi,TAN Chengqian.Grey theory in oil-gas reservoir evaluation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1995.
[32] 赵加凡,陈小宏,张勤.灰关联分析在储层评价中的应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(4):282-286.
ZHAO Jiafan,CHEN Xiaohong,ZHANG Qin.Application of grey association analysis in reservoir evaluation[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2003,26(4):282-286.
[33] 刘吉余,彭志春,郭晓博.灰色关联分析法在储层评价中的应用——以大庆萨尔图油田北二区为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2005,12(2):13-15.
LIU Jiyu,PENG Zhichun,GUO Xiaobo.Application of grey relation analysis to reservoir evaluation-taking Bei 2 area,Saertu oilfield,Daqing as an example[J].Oil & Gas Recovery Technology,2005,12(2):13-15.
[34] 王磊,张辉,彭小东,等.低渗透砂砾岩油藏水敏伤害机理及注入水水源优选[J].石油勘探与开发,2019,46(6):1148-1158.
WANG Lei,ZHANG Hui,PENG Xiaodong,et al.Water-sensitive damage mechanism and injection water source optimization of low permeability sandy conglomerate reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2019,46(6):1148-1158.
[35] 田敏,李晓平,李楠,等.低渗透油藏油水两相非线性渗流规律[J].特种油气藏,2011,18(6):92-95.
TIAN Min,LI Xiaoping,LI Nan,et al.Theoretical study on oil-water two-phase non-linear flow in low permeability reservoirs[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2011,18(6):92-95.
[36] 胥元刚,刘顺.低渗透油藏油井流入动态研究[J].石油学报,2005,26(4):77-80.
XU Yuangang,LIU Shun.Study on inflow performance of oil wells in low-permeability reservoirs[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(4):77-80.
[37] 姜瑞忠,陶磊,张娜,等.低渗非均质油藏水平井油水两相产能分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2008,37(3):384-388.
JIANG Ruizhong,TAO Lei,ZHANG Na,et al.Analysis of production for two-phase horizontal wells in low permeability heterogeneous reservoirs[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2008,37(3):384-388.
[38] 熊德明,孙雷,赵习森,等.深层高含凝析油凝析气藏注气方案经济可行性评价——现金流量法的运用[J].西安石油大学学报:社会科学版,2011,20(3):5-11.
XIONG Deming,SUN Lei,ZHAO Xisen,et al.The assessment on the economic feasibility of gas injecting plan for deep condensate oil and gas reservoir——the application of cash flow[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University:Social Science,2011,20(3):5-11.
[39] 刘斌,王国春,李淑敏,等.勘探项目经济评价方法与参数指标体系探讨[J].特种油气藏,2009,16(2):40-42.
LIU Bin,WANG Guochun,LI Shumin,et al.Research on economic evaluation methods and parameter index system for exploration projects[J].Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(2):40-42.

北部湾低渗透油田储层“甜点”评价方法

An evaluation method of reservoir “sweet spots” in low permeability oilfields of Beibuwan Basin

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 13

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	王杰祥, 刘晓, 牛成成, 吴建平, 白祥维. 稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐防砂完井产能评价新方法[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(1): 80-87.
[2]	李友川, 兰蕾, 王柯, 杨永才. 北部湾盆地流沙港组湖相烃源岩的差异[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(12): 1451-1459.
[3]	徐新德, 张迎朝, 黄义文, 熊小峰, 李旭红. 北部湾盆地乌石凹陷流沙港组油页岩发育的主控因素[J]. 石油学报, 2013, 34(增刊二): 66-73.
[4]	李春荣　张功成　梁建设　赵志刚　徐建永. 北部湾盆地断裂构造特征及其对油气的控制作用[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(2): 195-203.
[5]	黄保家　黄合庭　吴国瑄　游君君. 北部湾盆地始新统湖相富有机质页岩特征及成因机制[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(1): 25-31.
[6]	杨正明李治硕王学武单文文. 特低渗透油田相对渗透率曲线测试新方法[J]. 石油学报, 2010, 31(4): 629-632.
[7]	蒲春生, 秦文龙, 邹鸿江, 马能平, 贺志荣. 高能气体压裂增产措施中一氧化碳气体生成机制[J]. 石油学报, 2006, 27(6): 100-102.
[8]	杨正明, 张英芝, 郝明强, 刘先贵, 单文文. 低渗透油田储层综合评价方法[J]. 石油学报, 2006, 27(2): 64-67.
[9]	张衍臣, 卢德唐, 马华丽, 戴江. 利用δ函数计算间歇试采井压力分布[J]. 石油学报, 2006, 27(2): 98-102.
[10]	郑祥克, 陶永建, 涂彬, 魏俊之. 利用IPR方法确定启动压力[J]. 石油学报, 2003, 24(2): 81-83.
[11]	程启贵, 胡勇, 王德玉, 司尚举. 靖安油田地质和油藏工程技术应用效果[J]. 石油学报, 2002, 23(6): 68-71,76.
[12]	王为民, 郭和坤, 叶朝辉. 利用核磁共振可动流体评价低渗透油田开发潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2001, 22(6): 40-44.
[13]	李松泉, 唐曾熊. 低渗透油田开发的合理井网[J]. 石油学报, 1998, 19(3): 52-55.