中国南方海相浅层页岩气富集条件及勘探开发前景

doi:10.7623/syxb202212005

石油学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 1730-1749.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202212005

中国南方海相浅层页岩气富集条件及勘探开发前景

梁兴¹, 单长安², 王维旭¹, 罗瑀峰¹, 徐政语³, 赵建章⁴

1. 中国石油浙江油田公司浙江杭州 311100;
2. 西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院陕西西安 710065;
3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院杭州地质研究所浙江杭州 310023;
4. 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所北京 100029

收稿日期:2022-06-20 修回日期:2022-10-05 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-06
作者简介:梁兴,男,1965年3月生,2006年获西南石油大学矿产普查与勘探专业博士学位,现为中国石油浙江油田公司副总经理、总地质师、教授级高级工程师,主要从事页岩气、煤层气、页岩油、高凝油、常规油气地质工程一体化综合评价与勘探开发规划部署研究以及钻探工程技术、油气生产和科技管理工作。Email:liangx85@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2020YFA0710604,2021YFA0716800)、中国石油天然气集团有限公司科技重大专项(2019-F31,2020F-44)资助。

Enrichment conditions and exploration and development prospects of shallow marine shale gas in southern China

Liang Xing¹, Shan Chang'an², Wang Weixu¹, Luo Yufeng¹, Xu Zhengyu³, Zhao Jianzhang⁴

1. PetroChina Zhejiang Oilfield Company, Zhejiang Hangzhou 311100, China;
2. School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Xi'an Shiyou University, Shaanxi Xi'an 710065, China;
3. PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, ZheJiang Hangzhou 310023, China;
4. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2022-06-20 Revised:2022-10-05 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国南方浅层—超浅层页岩气分布广泛,资源量丰富。昭通页岩气示范区太阳页岩气田是率先突破且成功进行商业开发的整装规模浅层页岩气田。基于太阳气田的沉积地层条件、源-储条件、构造保存条件对其页岩气的富集成藏条件进行分析,总结了太阳地区浅层山地页岩气田的"四元"富集成藏规律,即沉积烃源条件好、优质页岩气储层条件好、储层体积压裂工程条件好、封存赋存条件好,其中,优质页岩气产层的主体岩相为深水滞留陆棚相沉积的富有机质生物硅质页岩。通过对太阳页岩气田的构造地质与成藏地质条件进行深入分析,结合气藏工程的认识,针对太阳背斜和海坝背斜建立了二者整体受"岩性岩相、储集孔隙、天然裂缝、构造应力、晚期泄聚"耦合机制控制的浅层—超浅层页岩气"自生自储+外源补给"复合型成藏模式,该模式是对太阳背斜工区"三维封存体系"浅层页岩气成藏模式的继承和发展。进一步地,通过优选有利区并明确资源情况,展望了中国南方浅层页岩气的资源前景。在昭通页岩气示范区,五峰组—龙马溪组一段1亚段Ⅰ+Ⅱ类储层整体较厚(平均厚度达30.1 m),在落实优质页岩储层分布的基础上,优选有利区面积超过550 km²,探明页岩气地质储量超过2 500×10⁸m³。此外,在四川盆地外围的东缘、南缘其他残留构造坳陷区,有20余口钻井展示出较好的浅层页岩气潜力,总资源量预计可达10×10¹²m³,这预示着在中国南方四川盆地外缘复杂构造残留坳陷区,浅层页岩气具有非常好的勘探开发前景。

关键词: 昭通页岩气示范区, 太阳气田, 浅层页岩气, 富集成藏条件, 勘探开发前景

Abstract: Shallow/ultra-shallow shale gas is widely distributed and abundant in southern China. Taiyang shale gas field in Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone is the first integrated shallow shale gas field that has achieved breakthrough and successful commercial development. Based on the sedimentary conditions, source-reservoir conditions, and tectonic preservation conditions of Taiyang gas field, this paper analyzes the enrichment and accumulation conditions of shale gas in the study area, and summarizes the "four-element" enrichment and accumulation law of mountain shallow shale gas field in Taiyang area, involving good sedimentary source rock, high quality shale gas reservoir, good engineering conditions for reservoir volume fracturing, and good preservation conditions. The main shale lithofacies with high-quality gas production is biogenic (organic-rich)siliceous shale, which was deposited by shelf facies in deep water. By deeply analyzing the tectonic geology and accumulation geological conditions of Taiyang shale gas field, combined with the understanding of gas reservoir engineering, the self-sufficient and exogenous supply composite pattern of shallow/ultra-shallow shale gas accumulation controlled by the coupling of lithofacies, reservoir pores, natural fractures, tectonic stress, late hydrocarbon expulsion and accumulation has been established for Taiyang anticline and Haiba anticline. This model is the inheritance and development of the shallow shale gas accumulation model of "three-dimensional storage system" in the Taiyang anticline work area. Furthermore, based on optimizing favorable areas and identifying the resources, the paper looks forwards to the prospect of shallow shale gas resources in southern China. In Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone, Type Ⅰ and Ⅱ reservoirs from Wufeng Formation to sub-member 1 of Member 1 of Longmaxi Formation are relatively thick as a whole (with an average thickness of 30.1 m). Based on the distribution of high-quality shale reservoirs, the optimized favorable area is more than 550 km², and the proven geological reserves of shale gas are more than 2500×10⁸m³. In addition, in other residual structural depressions to the eastern and southern margins of Sichuan Basin, more than 20 boreholes exhibit good shallow shale gas potential, and the total resource is expected to reach 10 %×10¹²m³, which indicates that shallow shale gas has a very good exploration and development prospect in the residual depressions of complex structural area at the periphery area of Sichuan Basin, southern China.

Key words: Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Zone, Taiyang gas field, shallow shale gas, enrichment and accumulation condition, exploration and development prospect

中图分类号:

TE122.3

梁兴, 单长安, 王维旭, 罗瑀峰, 徐政语, 赵建章. 中国南方海相浅层页岩气富集条件及勘探开发前景[J]. 石油学报, 2022, 43(12): 1730-1749.

Liang Xing, Shan Chang'an, Wang Weixu, Luo Yufeng, Xu Zhengyu, Zhao Jianzhang. Enrichment conditions and exploration and development prospects of shallow marine shale gas in southern China[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2022, 43(12): 1730-1749.

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中国南方海相浅层页岩气富集条件及勘探开发前景

Enrichment conditions and exploration and development prospects of shallow marine shale gas in southern China

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