石油学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 1788-1797.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202212009

• 油田开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国致密油藏压裂驱油技术进展及发展方向

郭建春, 马莅, 卢聪   

  1. 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室 四川成都 610500
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-28 修回日期:2022-11-01 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2023-01-06
  • 通讯作者: 卢聪,男,1983年12月生,2011年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气藏增产理论与技术方面的教学与科研工作。Email:swpulc@163.com
  • 作者简介:郭建春,男,1970年9月生,1998年获西南石油学院博士学位,现为西南石油大学教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气开采领域的教学与科研工作。Email:guojianchun@vip.163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No.52022087)和国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点支持项目(No.U21A20105)资助。

Progress and development directions of fracturing flooding technology for tight reservoirs in China

Guo Jianchun, Ma Li, Lu Cong   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received:2022-07-28 Revised:2022-11-01 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2023-01-06

摘要: 针对致密储层"注不进、采不出"的难题,提出"压—注—采"一体化作业的压裂驱油技术。梳理中国国内油田低渗致密储层压裂驱油技术发展的4个阶段:基质渗吸-油水置换采油、裂缝—基质动态渗吸采油、缝网压裂-蓄能增渗采油以及压裂驱油-焖井渗吸采油。明确压裂驱油6个方面技术特征:①细分切割体积压裂,提高缝控程度;②近破裂压力注水,形成大量微裂缝,扩大波及体积;③高压力持续注水,增加孔喉尺寸,改善渗流通道;④前置大液量注入,补充地层能量;⑤焖井渗吸置换,提高驱油效果;⑥添加压驱化学剂,增强洗油效率。综合考虑压驱地质特征、作用机理、工艺参数以及配套设施,深度剖析当前中国致密储层改造面临的地质-工程问题,提出压裂驱油未来4个方面技术攻关方向:①加强地质—工程一体化研究,优化油藏工程注采井网布局;②深化水平井立体改造技术,提高致密储层动用水平;③开展压驱技术作用机理研究,助力压驱工艺参数优化;④完善低成本高效率压驱配套技术,助推致密储层开发降本增效。

关键词: 致密油藏, 压裂驱油, 体积压裂, 注水增能, 焖井渗吸, 化学剂驱油

Abstract: Aiming at the difficulties in flooding and production of tight reservoirs, the integrated fracturing flooding technology based on the integration of fracturing, flooding and production was proposed. The four development stages of fracturing flooding technology for low-permeability tight reservoirs in domestic oilfields were summarized as follows: matrix imbibition, oil and water displacement recovery; fracture-matrix dynamic imbibition recovery; network fracturing, energy storage and permeability increasing recovery; fracturing flooding, shut-in imbibition recovery. Six technical characteristics of fracturing flooding were determined:(1)to improve fracture control by subdivided volume fracturing; (2)to develop a large number of micro-fractures and expand the swept volume by water injection at near-fracturing pressure; (3)to increase pore throat size and enlarge seepage channel by continuous water injection at high pressure; (4)to supplement formation energy by pre-injection of a large amount of liquid; (5)to enhance oil displacement effect by well shut-in imbibition replacement; (6)adding chemical reagents for fracturing flooding to enhance oil washing efficiency. By comprehensively considering the geological characteristics, action mechanism, process parameters and supporting facilities of fracturing flooding, this paper deeply analyzes the geological and engineering problems of tight reservoir reconstruction faced by China, and proposes four technical research directions for achieving breakthroughs in fracturing flooding in the future:(1)to strengthen the integrated research of geological engineering and optimize the layout of injection-production well pattern in reservoir engineering; (2)to improve the production level of tight reservoirs by deepening the three-dimensional simulation technology of horizontal wells; (3)to investigate the mechanism of fracturing flooding technology, and thus help optimize the process parameters of fracturing flooding; (4)to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of tight reservoir development by improving the supporting technology of low-cost and high-efficiency fracturing flooding.

Key words: tight reservoir, fracturing flooding, volume fracturing, water injection for energy enhancement, shut-in imbibition, chemical flooding

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