石油学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 948-961.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202306005

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区碳酸盐岩富油模式与主控因素

陈利新1,2, 贾承造1, 姜振学1, 苏洲2, 杨美纯2, 杨博2, 邱晨3   

  1. 1. 中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院 北京 102249;
    2. 中国石油塔里木油田公司 新疆库尔勒 841000;
    3. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院 四川成都 610500
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-05 修回日期:2023-03-18 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-07-03
  • 通讯作者: 陈利新,男,1978年10月生,2004年获石油大学(北京)硕士学位,现为中国石油塔里木油田公司高级工程师,主要从事碳酸盐岩油气藏地质研究及管理工作。
  • 作者简介:陈利新,男,1978年10月生,2004年获石油大学(北京)硕士学位,现为中国石油塔里木油田公司高级工程师,主要从事碳酸盐岩油气藏地质研究及管理工作。Email:chenlx-tlm@petrochina.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.41130422)和中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大专项(2018E-1806)资助。

Oil enrichment model and main controlling factors of carbonate reservoirs in Halahatang area, Tarim Basin

Chen Lixin1,2, Jia Chengzao1, Jiang Zhenxue1, Su Zhou2, Yang Meichun2, Yang Bo2, Qiu Chen3   

  1. 1. Unconventional Oil and Gas Science and Technology Research Institute, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
    2. PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Kolar 841000, China;
    3. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received:2022-08-05 Revised:2023-03-18 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-07-03

摘要: 哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系是塔里木盆地超深层海相碳酸盐岩石油增储上产的重要领域,但内部断裂发育、油气分布极为复杂,仅在局部区块形成高产稳产井组,开展油气富集模式及其主控因素的研究对于该区油藏高效开发具有重要意义。综合钻井、岩心、岩石薄片、生产实践等资料和走滑断裂构造分析、岩溶储层分析,探讨了哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩走滑断裂对储层发育和油气成藏的控制作用。哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系发育NE向和NW向"X"型共轭走滑断裂,其中,NE向走滑断裂在海西晚期、燕山期—喜马拉雅早期继承性活动,分段性强,有利于多期油气运聚。奥陶系碳酸盐岩缝洞体储层是主要储层类型,发育断控、断裂-岩溶共控、岩溶作用控制形成的3类缝洞体储层,在断裂与岩溶作用叠加部位最为发育。受控于断裂的方位、期次与分段性,哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系油藏主要沿NE向走滑断裂带的局部区段分布,发育断裂-潜山型、断裂-岩溶共控型和断控型3类富油模式。基于断控油藏富油模式,2020年以来新钻井的效益井比例明显提高,勘探效率明显提升。研究认识揭示了超深层致密碳酸盐岩走滑断裂带发育规模成藏、差异富集机理,可以为超深层断控复杂油藏的高效开发提供参考和新思路。

关键词: 超深碳酸盐岩, 走滑断层, 储层, 油藏, 富集模式, 塔里木盆地

Abstract: The Ordovician reservoirs in Halahatang area are an important field for increasing oil reserve and production of ultra-deep marine carbonate rocks in Tarim Basin. However, the internal fractures are developed, the distribution of oil and gas is extremely complex, and well groups with high yield and stable production are formed only in local areas. Therefore, the study of oil and gas enrichment patterns and their main controlling factors is of great significance for the efficient development of oil reservoirs in this area. Based on the data of drilling, core, rock thin sections and production practices as well as the analysis of strike-slip fault structures and karst reservoirs, the paper explores the control effect of Ordovician carbonate strike-slip faults on reservoir development and hydrocarbon accumulation in Halahatang area. The Ordovician reservoirs in Halahatang area develops X-type conjugate strike-slip faults in NE and NW directions, and the strike-slip faults in NE direction had succeeding fault activity in the Late Hercynian, Yanshan and Early Himalayan periods, characterized by strong segmentation, which is conducive to multi-phase oil and gas migration and accumulation. The study area is dominated by the Ordovician carbonate fractured cave reservoirs, and there are three types of fractured cave reservoirs developed under the control of fault or karst, and the co-control of fault and karst, which are most developed in the area under the superimposed effect of faults and karst. Restricted by the orientation, stage and segmentation of faults, the Ordovician oil reservoirs in Halahatang area are mainly distributed in the local areas of strike-slip fault zone in NE direction, and there are three types of oil enrichment models, i.e., fault-buried hill type, fault-karst co-controlling type and fault controlling type. Based on the fault-controlled oil reservoir enrichment pattern, the proportion of newly drilled profitable wells has significantly increased since 2020, and the exploration efficiency has been significantly improved. In conclusion, the research reveals the large-scale hydrocarbon accumulation and differential enrichment mechanism in ultra-deep dense carbonate rock strike-slip fault zones, which can provide a reference and also new ideas for the efficient development of complex reservoirs controlled by ultra-deep faults.

Key words: ultra-deep carbonate rocks, strike-slip fault, reservoir, oil reservoir, enrichment model, Tarim Basin

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