低渗致密复杂叠置储层组合立体井网高效动用方法——以延安气田为例

doi:10.7623/syxb201811008

石油学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (11): 1279-1291.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201811008

低渗致密复杂叠置储层组合立体井网高效动用方法——以延安气田为例

张涛¹, 李相方¹, 王香增², 严云奎², 乔向阳², 马骋², 雷开宇², 唐培哲³, 冯东¹, 赵文¹

1. 中国石油大学石油工程教育部重点实验室北京 102249;
2. 陕西延长石油集团有限责任公司陕西西安 710075;
3. 中国石油天然气股份有限公司川庆钻探工程公司川西钻探公司四川成都 610051

收稿日期:2018-08-15 修回日期:2018-10-08 出版日期:2018-11-25 发布日期:2018-12-10
通讯作者: 王香增,男,1968年12月生,1989年获西安石油学院学士学位,1998年获中国地质大学(北京)博士学位,现为陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司总地质师,主要从事石油与天然气勘探开发工作。Email:sxycpcwxz@126.com
作者简介:张涛,男,1992年10月生,2015年获西南石油大学学士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)博士研究生,主要从事非常规天然气开发渗流研究。Email:tobiascheuing@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目"页岩气有效储渗孔隙跨尺度耦合渗流及产出规律研究"（No.50974128）、国家科技重大专项"陆相页岩气产能评价与采气工艺技术"（2017ZX05039-005）和国家自然科学基金项目"页岩油气高效开发基础理论"（No.51490654）资助。

Efficient mobilization method of stereoscopic well pattern in low-permeability complex superimposed tight reservoir: a case study of Yan'an gasfield

Zhang Tao¹, Li Xiangfang¹, Wang Xiangzeng², Yan Yunkui², Qiao Xiangyang², Ma Cheng², Lei Kaiyu², Tang Peizhe³, Feng Dong¹, Zhao Wen¹

1. Key Laboratory for Petroleum Engineering of the Ministry of Education, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum(Group) Corp. Ltd., Shaanxi Xi'an 710075, China;
3. Chuanxi Drilling Company, PetroChina Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Limited, Sichuan Chengdu 610051, China

Received:2018-08-15 Revised:2018-10-08 Online:2018-11-25 Published:2018-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

延安致密砂岩气田具有纵向主力开发层系多、层间跨度大、有效砂体分布范围广、储层非均质强、区域差异明显等特征，需要采用"因层制宜、因区制宜"的组合立体井网高效动用技术进行开发。通过"分级约束"的立体井网设计思想，基于地面环境约束、宏观约束、局部约束以及属性约束的四级约束条件，建立从宏观到局部、从空间到属性、从地面到地下的多维度、多尺度、多因素耦合的立体井网优化设计体系。在该设计思想的指导下，结合延安气田地质特征，划分出了"河道富集区多层系"、"非河道低富集区双层系"、"非河道低富集区三层系"以及"河道低富集区多层系"4个开发区域，并给出了相应的"大井组直/定向井"、"大井组直/定向井+水平井"相结合的4套混合井网模式。另外，提出致密砂岩气田富集储层以采收率为主要约束函数、低富集储层以单井产气量为主要约束函数的井网密度优化标准，据此给出了延安气田最优井网密度为富集储层1 000 m×800 m，低富集储层1 200 m×1 000 m。

关键词: 低渗致密复杂叠置储层, 立体井网, 高效动用, 井距优化, 延安气田

Abstract:

Yan'an tight sandstone gas field is characterized by multiple vertical primary development layers, large inter-layer span, wide-scale distribution of effective sand body, high reservoir heterogeneity and significant regional difference. Thus, it is necessary to adopt the efficient mobilization technology using combined stereoscopic well pattern for exploration, which is applicable to different layers and regions. In this paper, the design idea of stereoscopic well pattern with hierarchical constraint is proposed based on four-level constrains, i.e., surface environmental constraint, macroscopic constraint, local constraint and attributive constraint. As a result, the optimization design system of stereoscopic well pattern is established from macro to local, space to property and surface to subsurface through multi-dimension, multi-scale and multi-factor coupling. Then, under the guidance of this design idea in combination with the geological properties of Yan'an gasfield, four development regions are divided, i.e., the multi-layer river-channel enrichment region, the dual-layer non-river-channel low enrichment region, the tri-layer non-river-channel low enrichment region and multi-layer river-channel low enrichment region. Meanwhile, four sets of hybrid well patterns are given, including vertical/directional well with large well spacing, and vertical/directional well+horizontal well with large well spacing. In addition, the optimization standard of well spacing density is proposed for tight sandstone gas field in the enrichment reservoir with recovery efficiency as the main constraint function and the low enrichment reservoir with single well gas yield as the main constraint function. Accordingly, the optimized well spacing density in Yan'an gasfield is 1 000 m×800 m for enrichment reservoir, and 1 200 m×1 000 m for low enrichment reservoir.

Key words: low-permeability complex superimposed tight reservoir, stereoscopic well pattern, efficient mobilization, well spacing optimization, Yan'an gasfield

中图分类号:

TE32

张涛, 李相方, 王香增, 严云奎, 乔向阳, 马骋, 雷开宇, 唐培哲, 冯东, 赵文. 低渗致密复杂叠置储层组合立体井网高效动用方法——以延安气田为例[J]. 石油学报, 2018, 39(11): 1279-1291.

Zhang Tao, Li Xiangfang, Wang Xiangzeng, Yan Yunkui, Qiao Xiangyang, Ma Cheng, Lei Kaiyu, Tang Peizhe, Feng Dong, Zhao Wen. Efficient mobilization method of stereoscopic well pattern in low-permeability complex superimposed tight reservoir: a case study of Yan'an gasfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2018, 39(11): 1279-1291.

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低渗致密复杂叠置储层组合立体井网高效动用方法——以延安气田为例

Efficient mobilization method of stereoscopic well pattern in low-permeability complex superimposed tight reservoir: a case study of Yan'an gasfield

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