深水井控的七组分多相流动模型

doi:10.7623/syxb201106018

石油学报 ›› 2011, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 1042-1049.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201106018

深水井控的七组分多相流动模型

孙宝江王志远公培斌宋荣荣

中国石油大学石油工程学院山东东营 257061

收稿日期:2011-04-30 修回日期:2011-08-04 出版日期:2011-11-25 发布日期:2012-01-17
通讯作者: 孙宝江
作者简介:孙宝江，男，1963年11月生， 1985年毕业于华东石油学院钻井工程专业，现为中国石油大学（华东）流体力学学科负责人、长江学者特聘教授、博士生导师，主要从事油气井工程、海洋石油工程、多相流理论及应用等方面的研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目（No.51034007）、国家自然科学基金项目（No.50874116及No.51104172）、山东省自然科学基金（ZR2010EL010）和山东省博士后创新项目专项资金（200903107）联合资助。

Application of a seven-component multiphase flow model to deepwater well control

SUN Baojiang WANG Zhiyuan GONG Peibin SONG Rongrong

Received:2011-04-30 Revised:2011-08-04 Online:2011-11-25 Published:2012-01-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对深水井控的特点，考虑深水钻井外部的多温度梯度环境和天然气水合物相变，将井筒内流体分为7种不同组分，建立了七组分井筒多相流控制方程。利用全尺寸实验井对井筒多相流动规律和井筒压力计算精度进行了验证。以墨西哥湾Mississippi Canyon井钻井工况为例，应用所建立的七组分多相流动模型算法，从溢流和井喷过程模拟、压井过程模拟及天然气水合物相变对井控参数影响等几个方面对深水井筒多相流动规律进行了分析。模拟发现，气体在沿井筒上升初期膨胀量比较小，进入隔水管内后开始明显膨胀，越靠近井口膨胀越剧烈。从溢流发展到井喷可分为3个阶段：井涌发展阶段、井喷阶段和井内喷空阶段。在井涌阶段末期，井底压力、泥浆池增量、隔水管内的气体体积分数等会发生剧烈变化，在极短的时间内演化为井喷。在深水压井过程中，由于节流管线内气体交换效应，节流压力的调节速度要高于陆地井控。由于水合物的生成，减小了泥浆池增量，降低了关井套压，给溢流的检测及气侵程度判断带来困难。

关键词: 深水, 井控, 七组分多相流动模型, 水合物, 井涌

Abstract:

In view of a multi-temperature gradient environment outside deepwater drilling wells and the phase transition of natural gas hydrates, the present paper divided the wellbore fluid into seven different components based on characteristics of deepwater well control and established a seven-component multiphase flow control equation. Multiphase flow experiments of wellbore were carried out on a full-scale test well and the calculation accuracy of wellbore pressure was verified. Taking a Mississippi Canyon drilling well status in the Gulf of Mexico as an example, we investigated multiphase flow rules of deepwater wellbore by applying the established seven-component multiphase flow model to simulate various processes including overflow, blowout and well killing as well as to evaluate effects of the gas hydrate phase transition on well control parameters. The simulation indicated that gas expansion was quite limited at the very beginning when gas rose along wellbore but it started to expand significantly after entering a riser, and the nearer to the well head the more intensive the gas expansion. The period from well kick to blowout could be divided into three stages: development of well kick, development of blowout and a stage of borehole with little mud. At the end of well kick, bottom hole pressure, pit gain and gas volume fractions within the riser would vary dramatically, which could turn into blowout in quite a short time. During well killing, the regulated speed of throttle pressure was faster in deepwater than that onshore due to the effect of gas exchange in a chock line. The formation of hydrate in annulus could result in the reduction of pit gain and the decrease of casing pressure shut in, which would affect the overflow detection and make it difficult to evaluate the extent of gas cut.

Key words: deepwater, well control, seven-component multiphase flow model, gas hydrate, well kick

孙宝江王志远公培斌宋荣荣. 深水井控的七组分多相流动模型[J]. 石油学报, 2011, 32(6): 1042-1049.

SUN Baojiang WANG Zhiyuan GONG Peibin SONG Rongrong. Application of a seven-component multiphase flow model to deepwater well control[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2011, 32(6): 1042-1049.

参考文献

[1]Leblanc J L， Lewis R L.A mathematical model of a gas kick[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1968,20(8):888-898.

[2]Records L R.Mud system and well control[J].Petroleum Engineering,1972,44(2):97-108.

[3]Hoberock L L,Stanbery S R.Pressure dynamics in wells during gas kick:Part 1—fluid lines dynamics[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1981,33(6):1357-1366.

[4]Santos O L A.A mathematical model of a gas kick when drilling in deep waters [D].Colorado ：Colorado School of Mines，1982.

[5]Nickens H V.A dynamic computer model of a kicking well[R].SPE 14183，1987.

[6]Santos O L A.Well-operations in horizontal wells[R].SPE 21105，1991.

[7]Ohara S.Improved method for selecting kick tolerance during deepwater drilling operations[D].Louisiana：Louisiana State University,1995.

[8]Nunes J O L.Mathematical model of a gas kick in deep water scenario[R].SPE 77253,2002.

[9]范军,王西安,韩松.油气层渗流与井筒多相流动的耦合及应用[J].重庆大学学报：自然科学版 ,2000,23(10):154-157.

Fan Jun,Wang Xi’an,Han Song.Researches on the coupling of formation percolation and wellbore multiphase flow and its application[J].Journal of Chongqing University：Natural Science Edition,2000,23(10):154-157.

[10]李相方,庄湘琦,隋秀香.气侵期间环空气液两相流动研究[J].工热物理学报,2004,25(1):73-76.

Li Xiangfang,Zhuang Xiangqi,Sui Xiuxiang.Study on two-phase gas-liquid flow during gas kick[J].Journal of Engineering Thermophysics,2004,25(1):73-76.

[11]王志远,孙宝江,高永海.深水司钻法压井模拟计算[J].石油学报，2008,29(5):781-790.

Wang Zhiyuan,Sun Baojiang,Gao Yonghai.Simulated calculation of killing well for deepwater driller’s method[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):781-790.

[12]王志远，孙宝江，程海清，等.深水钻井井筒中天然气水合物生成区域预测[J].石油勘探与开发，2008,35(6):731-735.

Wang Zhiyuan，Sun Baojiang,Cheng Haiqing，et al.Prediction of gas hydrate formation region in the wellbore of deepwater drilling[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(6):731-735.

[13]王志远，孙宝江，高永海.水合物钻探中环空多相流溢流特性研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2010，18（1）：129-140.

Wang Zhiyuan,Sun Baojiang,Gao Yonghai.Study on annular multiphase flow characteristic of gas kick during hydrate reservoir drilling[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2010，18（1）：129-140.

[14]Wang Zhiyuan,Sun Baojiang.Multiphase flow behavior in annulus with solid gas hydrate considering nature gas hydrate phase transition[J].Petroleum Science,2009,6(1):57-63.

[15]周英操,高德利,刘永贵.欠平衡钻井环空多相流井底压力计算模型[J].石油学报,2005,26(2):97-99.

Zhou Yingcao,Gao Deli,Liu Yonggui.New model for calculating bottom hole pressure of multiphase flow in annulus of underbalanced straight well[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(2):97-99.

[16]廖开贵,李颖川,杨志.产水气藏气液两相管流动态规律研究[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):607-612.

Liao Kaigui,Li Yingchuan,Yang Zhi.Study on pressure drop models of gas-liquid two-phase pipe flow in gas reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):607-612.

[17]刘新福,綦耀光,刘春花.气水两相煤层气井井底流压预测方法[J].石油学报,2010,31(6):998-1003.

Liu Xinfu,Qi Yaoguang,Liu Chunhua.Prediction of flowing bottomhole pressures for two-phase coalbed methane wells[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,31(6):998-1003.

[18]Dholabhai P D,Kalogerakis N ,Bishnoi P R.Kinetics of methane hydrate formation in aqueous electrolyte solutions[J].The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering,1993,71(2):68-74.

[19]Kim H C,Bishnoi P R,Heidemann R.Kinetics of methane hydrate decomposition[J].Chemical Engineering Science,1987,42(7): 1645-1653.

[20]Jamaluddin A M,Kalogerakis N,Bishnoi P R.Modeling of decomposition of a synthetic core of methane gas hydrate by coupling intrinsic kinetics with heat transfer rates[J].Phys.Chem,1989,67(6):948-954.

[21]郭春秋,李颖川.气井压力温度预测综合数值模拟[J].石油学报,2001,22(3):100-104.

Gao Chunqiu,Li Yingchuan.Comprehensive numerical simulation of pressure and temperature prediction in gas well[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(3):100-104.

[22]王志远.含天然气水合物相变的环空多相流型转化机制研究[D].东营:中国石油大学,2009.

Wang Zhiyuan.Study on annular multiphase flow pattern transition mechanism considering gas hydrate phase transition[D]. Dongying:China University of Petroleum,2009.

深水井控的七组分多相流动模型

Application of a seven-component multiphase flow model to deepwater well control

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	张家强, 李士祥, 李宏伟, 周新平, 刘江艳, 郭睿良, 陈俊霖, 李树同. 鄂尔多斯盆地延长组7油层组湖盆远端重力流沉积与深水油气勘探——以城页水平井区长7₃小层为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(5): 570-587.
[2]	徐立涛, 何玉林, 石万忠, 梁金强, 王任, 杜浩, 张伟, 李冠华. 琼东南盆地深水区天然气水合物成藏主控因素及模式[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(5): 598-610.
[3]	孙嘉鑫, 张凌, 宁伏龙, 刘天乐, 方彬, 李彦龙, 刘昌岭, 蒋国盛. 天然气水合物藏增产研究现状与展望[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(4): 523-540.
[4]	杨希冰, 周杰, 杨金海, 何小胡, 吴昊, 甘军, 游君君. 琼东南盆地深水区东区中生界潜山天然气来源及成藏模式[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(3): 283-292.
[5]	邵珠福, 张文鑫, 毛毳, 栾锡武, 钟建华, John Howell, 刘泽璇, 赵冰, 冉伟民, 刘晶晶. 砂岩侵入体及其油气地质意义[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(3): 378-398.
[6]	周世琛, 郇筱林, 陈宇琪, 周博, 薛世峰, 公彬. 天然气水合物沉积物不排水剪切特性的离散元模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(1): 73-83.
[7]	王辉, 周子钰, 周博, 薛世峰, 林英松. 颗粒抗滚动作用对水合物沉积物宏观及微观力学特性的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(7): 885-894.
[8]	窦晓峰, 宁伏龙, 李彦龙, 刘昌岭, 孙嘉鑫, 李杨, 李晓东, 赵颖杰, 张凌, 刘乐乐. 基于连续-离散介质耦合的水合物储层出砂数值模拟[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(5): 629-642.
[9]	王黎松, 高宝奎, 胡天祥, 马超, 王捷力. 考虑材料非线性的环空增压预测模型[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(2): 235-243.
[10]	董长银, 宋洋, 周玉刚, 徐鸿志, 王剑, 刘亚宾, 王力智. 天然气水合物储层泥质细粉砂挡砂介质堵塞规律与微观挡砂机制[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(10): 1248-1258.
[11]	王宴滨, 高德利. 基于多自由度系统的深水钻井隔水管紧急解脱反冲响应[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(10): 1259-1265.
[12]	高德利, 王宴滨. 海洋深水钻井力学与控制技术若干研究进展[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(S2): 102-115.
[13]	杨进, 黄鑫, 杨宇翔, 胡志强, 宋宇, 刘和兴, 徐东升, 蔡饶, 李磊. 深水油气井新型膨胀导管力学特性[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(S2): 116-122.
[14]	耿亚楠, 任美鹏, 刘书杰, 孙宝江, 卞琦, 刘录翔, 于晓东. 海上非常规压井井筒多相流动规律实验[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(S2): 123-130.
[15]	李占东, 刘建辉, 李中, 李阳, 张海翔, 王殿举, 庞鸿. 天然气水合物降压开采出砂定量预测新模型[J]. 石油学报, 2019, 40(S2): 160-167.