液相管道流量与压力对小孔泄漏速率的影响

doi:10.7623/syxb201602013

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 257-265.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201602013

液相管道流量与压力对小孔泄漏速率的影响

付建民^1,2, 赵振洋^1,2, 陈国明^1,2, 罗会玖³, 张保坡³, 张伯伦^1,2, 叶闯^1,2, 朱渊^1,2

1. 中国石油大学海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心山东青岛 266580;
2. 中国石油大学机电工程学院山东青岛 266580;
3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司管道储运分公司江苏徐州 221008

收稿日期:2015-06-24 修回日期:2015-12-12 出版日期:2016-02-25 发布日期:2016-03-11
通讯作者: 付建民,男,1977年8月生,2001年获哈尔滨理工大学学士学位,2010年获得中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)副教授,主要从事油气安全工程方向的教学和科研工作。Email:fujianmin@126.com
作者简介:付建民,男,1977年8月生,2001年获哈尔滨理工大学学士学位,2010年获得中国石油大学(华东)博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)副教授,主要从事油气安全工程方向的教学和科研工作。Email:fujianmin@126.com
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(15CX05018A)和青岛市民生科技计划重点支持项目(14-2-3-64-nsh)资助。

Influences of liquid pipeline flow and pressure on small-hole leakage rate

Fu Jianmin^1,2, Zhao Zhenyang^1,2, Chen Guoming^1,2, Luo Huijiu³, Zhang baopo³, Zhang Bolun^1,2, Ye Chuang^1,2, Zhu Yuan^1,2

1. Centre for Offshore Engineering and Safety Technology, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
2. College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
3. Sinopec Pipeline Storage & Transportation Company, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221008, China

Received:2015-06-24 Revised:2015-12-12 Online:2016-02-25 Published:2016-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

泄漏速率计算是计算泄漏量、评估泄漏风险的前提和基础,通过搭建液相管道小孔泄漏实验系统,构建不同泄漏场景,研究管道流量、压力对管内液体压力及泄漏速率变化的影响规律,提出了小孔泄漏稳定压力计算方法,有效解决经典计算公式中压力求解问题;通过对泄漏模块仿真模拟,得到了泄漏孔口界面的速度分布情况,并研究了管道流量、压力对速度分布的影响。实验和数值模拟结果表明:泄漏发生后,管道压力下降明显,泄漏稳定压力与初始压力、管道流量呈对数关系,初始压力、管道流量越大,泄漏稳定压力越高,但相较于初始压力,泄漏稳定压力差值减小;管道流量越大,达到泄漏稳定的时间越短,泄漏达到平衡越快;泄漏孔处,面对来流方向壁面附近速度较高,背向来流方向壁面附近有负压、涡旋,且随着管道流量、初始压力的增加,最大泄漏速度增加,但负压范围、程度减小。

关键词: 液相管道, 小孔泄漏, 管道流量, 压力, 泄漏速率

Abstract:

Leakage rate is the premise for calculating leakage volumes and assessing leakage risks. A leakage experimental system for small holes in liquid pipeline was established to construct different leakage scenarios, so as to explore the influence laws of pipeline flow and pressure on intra-pipe liquid pressure and leakage rate, propose the calculation method of small-hole leakage steady pressure and effectively solve the pressure calculation using classic formula. Analogue simulation of leakage modules was performed to obtain the rate distribution on leakage orifice interface and study the influences of pipeline flow and pressure on rate distribution. The experimental and numerical simulation results show that pipeline pressure declined significantly after leakage happened. The leakage steady pressure has a logarithmic relationship with initial pressure and pipeline flow. The larger the initial pressure and pipeline flow are, the higher the leakage steady pressure will be. However, the difference value of leakage steady pressure is reduced compared with initial pressure. The larger the pipeline flow is, the shorter the time to reach leakage stability will be, and the faster the leakage balance to be achieved will be. At the leakage hole, the flow rate is higher in the area adjacent to the wall facing the flow direction, while negative pressure and vortex existed in the area adjacent to the wall against the flow direction. Meanwhile, with the pipeline flow and initial pressure rising, maximum leakage rate is increased, but the scope and degree of negative pressure are reduced.

Key words: liquid pipeline, small-hole leakage, pipeline flow, pressure, leakage rate

中图分类号:

TE88

付建民, 赵振洋, 陈国明, 罗会玖, 张保坡, 张伯伦, 叶闯, 朱渊. 液相管道流量与压力对小孔泄漏速率的影响[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(2): 257-265.

Fu Jianmin, Zhao Zhenyang, Chen Guoming, Luo Huijiu, Zhang baopo, Zhang Bolun, Ye Chuang, Zhu Yuan. Influences of liquid pipeline flow and pressure on small-hole leakage rate[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(2): 257-265.

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液相管道流量与压力对小孔泄漏速率的影响

Influences of liquid pipeline flow and pressure on small-hole leakage rate

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