富有机质页岩有机孔隙形成与演化的热模拟实验

doi:10.7623/syxb201701003

石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 23-30.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201701003

富有机质页岩有机孔隙形成与演化的热模拟实验

马中良^1,2,3,4, 郑伦举^1,2,3,4, 徐旭辉^1,2,3,4, 鲍芳^1,2,3,4, 余晓露^1,2,3,4

1. 页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室江苏无锡 214126;
2. 国家能源页岩油研发中心江苏无锡 214126;
3. 中国石油化工集团公司油气成藏重点实验室江苏无锡 214126;
4. 中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所江苏无锡 214126

收稿日期:2016-06-24 修回日期:2016-10-18 出版日期:2017-01-25 发布日期:2017-01-23
通讯作者: 马中良,男,1984年12月生,2006年获中国石油大学(北京)学士学位,2009年获中国石油大学(北京)硕士学位,现为中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所高级工程师,主要从事油气地球化学、石油实验地质学和油页岩原位开采技术研究。Email:mazl.syky@sinopec.com
作者简介:马中良,男,1984年12月生,2006年获中国石油大学(北京)学士学位,2009年获中国石油大学(北京)硕士学位,现为中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院无锡石油地质研究所高级工程师,主要从事油气地球化学、石油实验地质学和油页岩原位开采技术研究。Email:mazl.syky@sinopec.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金石油化工联合基金项目（No.U1663202）及中国石油化工股份有限公司科技攻关项目（P14040）资助。

Thermal simulation experiment on the formation and evolution of organic pores in organic-rich shale

Ma Zhongliang^1,2,3,4, Zheng Lunju^1,2,3,4, Xu Xuhui^1,2,3,4, Bao Fang^1,2,3,4, Yu Xiaolu^1,2,3,4

1. State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment and Effective Development, Jiangsu Wuxi 214126, China;
2. State Energy Center for Shale Oil Research and Development, Jiangsu Wuxi 214126, China;
3. Sinopec Key Laboratory of Petroleum Accumulation Mechanisms, Jiangsu Wuxi 214126, China;
4. Wuxi Research Institute of Petroleum Geology, Sinopec Exploration and Production Research Institute, Jiangsu Wuxi 214126, China

Received:2016-06-24 Revised:2016-10-18 Online:2017-01-25 Published:2017-01-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对页岩有机孔隙的形成与演化，开展了从未熟-低熟-成熟-高成熟-过成熟全系列的地质条件约束下的成岩成烃演化热模拟实验，利用氩离子抛光-场发射扫描电镜对原始样品和模拟不同演化阶段反应后的样品进行了微观特征分析，研究表明：1未熟、低熟阶段生物化学作用和低温热作用生烃过程中可以形成有机孔隙，其当时较浅的埋深可能有助于有机孔隙的保存；2有机孔隙的形成与演变具有非均质性，成熟度不是控制有机孔隙形成与发育的决定性因素，有机质物理化学结构的差异对有机孔隙的形成与演化具有重要作用；3有机孔隙的发育与滞留油具有明显的相关性，生油阶段生成的有机孔隙，易被热解沥青所占据；4有机质收缩缝/有机质边缘孔可能是页岩气赋存的重要空间，其发育主要受控于在从“化学吸附有机质”向“物理吸附有机质”和“游离有机质”转化时有机质的物理化学结构及演化程度。

关键词: 页岩, 有机孔隙, SEM图像, 非均质性, 热模拟实验, 有机质演化

Abstract:

To study the formation and evolution of organic pores in shale, the thermal simulation experiments of diagenesis and hydrocarbon generating under the constraint of a whole series of immature-low mature-mature-high mature-overmature geological conditions were conducted. Using Ar-ion milling-field emission scanning electron microscopy to analyze microscopic characteristics of original samples and samples used for simulating reactions of different evolution stages, the research shows:(1) Organic pores can be formed in the process of hydrocarbon generation caused by biochemical action and low temperature heat action in the immature stage and low mature stage, and the shallow buried depth at that time may be conducive to preserving organic pores; (2) The formation and evolution of organic pores is characterized by heterogeneity, and maturity is not the decisive factor controlling the formation and development of organic pores. The difference in physical-chemical structure of organic matter plays an important role in the formation and evolution of organic pores; (3) There is an obvious correlation between the development of organic pores and retention oil. Organic pores generated in the stage of hydrocarbon generation are easy to be occupied by heat decomposed pitch; (4) Constricted fissure/marginal pore of organic matter may be an important space for shale gas occurrence, whose development is mainly controlled by the physical-chemical structure and evolution degree of organic matter when it is transformed from chemisorption-type organic to physical absorption-type organic and free organic.

Key words: shale, organic pore, SEM image, heterogeneity, pyrolysis simulation experiment, organic matter evolution

中图分类号:

TE122

马中良, 郑伦举, 徐旭辉, 鲍芳, 余晓露. 富有机质页岩有机孔隙形成与演化的热模拟实验[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(1): 23-30.

Ma Zhongliang, Zheng Lunju, Xu Xuhui, Bao Fang, Yu Xiaolu. Thermal simulation experiment on the formation and evolution of organic pores in organic-rich shale[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(1): 23-30.

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富有机质页岩有机孔隙形成与演化的热模拟实验

Thermal simulation experiment on the formation and evolution of organic pores in organic-rich shale

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