基于氢、氧同位素的煤层气合排井产出水源判识——以黔西地区比德-三塘盆地上二叠统为例

doi:10.7623/syxb201705002

石油学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 493-501.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201705002

基于氢、氧同位素的煤层气合排井产出水源判识——以黔西地区比德-三塘盆地上二叠统为例

郭晨¹, 秦勇², 夏玉成¹, 马东民¹, 韩冬³

1. 西安科技大学地质与环境学院陕西西安 710054;
2. 中国矿业大学煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室江苏徐州 221116;
3. 中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司天津 300457

收稿日期:2016-08-08 修回日期:2016-11-24 出版日期:2017-05-25 发布日期:2017-06-07
通讯作者: 郭晨,男,1988年7月生,2010年获中国矿业大学学士学位,2015年获中国矿业大学博士学位,现为西安科技大学地质与环境学院讲师,主要从事煤层气及非常规油气地质教学与研究工作。Email:makaay_@126.com
作者简介:郭晨,男,1988年7月生,2010年获中国矿业大学学士学位,2015年获中国矿业大学博士学位,现为西安科技大学地质与环境学院讲师,主要从事煤层气及非常规油气地质教学与研究工作。Email:makaay_@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目（No.40730422）、国家重大科技专项（2016ZX05044）、西安科技大学科研培育基金项目（201718）和西安科技大学博士启动金项目（2016QDJ028）资助。

Source discrimination of produced water from CBM commingling wells based on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes: a case study of the Upper Permian, Bide-Santang Basin, western Guizhou area

Guo Chen¹, Qin Yong², Xia Yucheng¹, Ma Dongmin¹, Han Dong³

1. College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Shaanxi Xi'an 710054, China;
2. Key Laboratory of CBM Resources and Reservoiring Process of the Ministry of Education, China University of Mining and Technology, Jiangsu Xuzhou 221116, China;
3. Engineering and Technology Branch, CNOOC Energy Technology & Services Limited, Tianjin 300457, China

Received:2016-08-08 Revised:2016-11-24 Online:2017-05-25 Published:2017-06-07

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

有效的排采水源识别是煤层气多层合排诊断的重要举措，而水中稳定同位素是水源信息的指示计。黔西上二叠统发育多煤层，煤层气开发以直井多层合排为主，不同产层组合下产能效果差异显著，产出水来源得不到有效判识。为此，基于黔西比德-三塘盆地11口煤层气井产出水样品的定期采集，对产出水样、矿井水样和地表水样共计38个样品开展同位素地球化学测试，结合煤层气井生产数据，揭示了研究区产出水氢、氧同位素组成特征及其排采水源判识意义：基于研究区大气降水线方程，煤层气井产出水氢、氧同位素组成普遍显现D漂移特点，封闭型水中氢、氧同位素偏重，水-岩作用反应强烈；区分了典型高产井和典型低产井，低产井受制于表层水干扰，产出水表现为氢、氧同位素组成较轻且D漂移不明显，而高产井产出水以同位素组成较重、D漂移明显为特点。建立了反映产出水D漂移程度的参数，其数值与平均日产气量正相关而与平均日产水量负相关。结合Cl^-、Na⁺离子浓度，建立了基于产出水地球化学特征的排采水源判识模板，区分出表层水、煤层水和压裂水3类水源，气井只有产出煤层水才能获得较高的产能。黔西地区比德-三塘盆地上二叠统上部含气系统由于容易受表层水干扰，排采条件欠佳且与中、下部含气系统兼容性差，建议优先开发中部和下部含气系统。

关键词: 煤层气井, 合层排采, 产出水, 氢、氧同位素, 水源判识, 黔西, 共采兼容性

Abstract:

Effective discrimination of produced-water source is an important measure to determine the multi-layer commingling production of coalbed methane (CBM), and the stable isotopes in water are key indicators of water source information. In the Upper Permian western Guizhou, multiple coal beds are developed, and the CBM exploitation is dominated by multi-layer commingling production in vertical wells. There is significant difference in productivity under various horizon assemblages, and the produced-water source is unable to be effectively discriminated. Accordingly, based on the periodical acquisition of produced-water samples from 11 CBM wells in Bide-Santang Basin, western Guizhou, isotopic geochemical test was conducted on 38 samples of produced water, mine water and surface water. In combination with production data of CBM wells, this study reveals the hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition characteristics of produced water in the study area as well as the significance of water source discrimination. According to atmospheric precipitation line equation, the produced water of CBM well generally presents an obvious D drift characteristic for hydrogen and oxygen isotopic composition, of which the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes are heavy in the closed water with intense water-rock interaction. Typical high-yield and low-yield wells are distinguished. The low-yield wells are restricted by surface water interference, of which the produced water presents light hydrogen and oxygen isotopes and insignificant D drift, while high production wells are characterized by heavy isotopes and obvious D drift trend in produced water. Moreover, the parameter reflecting D drift degree is set, and this value is positively related to average daily gas yield while negatively related to average daily water yield. In combination with Cl^- and Na⁺ concentrations, the discrimination model of discharge-production water source is created based on the geochemical characteristics of produced water. Three kinds of water source, i.e., shallow groundwater, coal seam water and fracturing water, are distinguished, while high CBM production can only be achieved when the coal seam water is produced in gas wells. As easily interfered by shallow groundwater, the upper gas-bearing system in this region has poor drainage-production conditions and low compatibility with the mid-lower gas-bearing system. Thus, it is suggested to give priority in developing the mid-lower gas-bearing system.

Key words: CBM wells, commingling production, produced water, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, water source discrimination, western Guizhou, co-mining compatibility

中图分类号:

TE132

郭晨, 秦勇, 夏玉成, 马东民, 韩冬. 基于氢、氧同位素的煤层气合排井产出水源判识——以黔西地区比德-三塘盆地上二叠统为例[J]. 石油学报, 2017, 38(5): 493-501.

Guo Chen, Qin Yong, Xia Yucheng, Ma Dongmin, Han Dong. Source discrimination of produced water from CBM commingling wells based on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes: a case study of the Upper Permian, Bide-Santang Basin, western Guizhou area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2017, 38(5): 493-501.

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基于氢、氧同位素的煤层气合排井产出水源判识——以黔西地区比德-三塘盆地上二叠统为例

Source discrimination of produced water from CBM commingling wells based on the hydrogen and oxygen isotopes: a case study of the Upper Permian, Bide-Santang Basin, western Guizhou area

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