QL1井井底突发性岩爆动力学机理及动态演化过程

doi:10.7623/syxb202002010

石油学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 244-252.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202002010

QL1井井底突发性岩爆动力学机理及动态演化过程

罗成波^1,2, 蒋祖军¹, 李皋², 何龙³, 孟英峰², 欧彪¹, 肖国益¹, 严焱诚¹, 王希勇¹

1. 中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司石油工程技术研究院四川德阳 618000;
2. 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室四川成都 610500;
3. 中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司四川成都 610059

收稿日期:2018-10-10 修回日期:2019-11-26 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-03-09
通讯作者: 罗成波,男,1985年9月生,2009年获西南石油大学学士学位,2019年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司在站博士后,主要从事欠平衡钻井岩石力学方面的研究工作。Email:457105796@qq.com
作者简介:罗成波,男,1985年9月生,2009年获西南石油大学学士学位,2019年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为中国石油化工股份有限公司西南油气分公司在站博士后,主要从事欠平衡钻井岩石力学方面的研究工作。Email:457105796@qq.com
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项"低渗油气藏钻井液完井液及储层保护技术"（2016ZX05021-004）资助。

Dynamic mechanism and dynamic evolution process of abrupt bottom-hole rock burst in Well QL1

Luo Chengbo^1,2, Jiang Zujun¹, Li Gao², He Long³, Meng Yingfeng², Ou Biao¹, Xiao Guoyi¹, Yan Yancheng¹, Wang Xiyong¹

1. Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute, Sinopec Southwest Oil & Gas Company, Sichuan Deyang 618000, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China;
3. Sinopec Southwest Oil & Gas Company, Sichuan Chengdu 610059, China

Received:2018-10-10 Revised:2019-11-26 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-03-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氮气钻井钻遇致密砂岩高压裂缝圈闭导致井底岩爆是四川盆地西部白马庙构造QL1井恶性井喷事故的根本诱因。利用研究井壁失稳的理论方法来进行井底岩爆的动力学机理分析，并借助Visual Basic语言和Matlab软件编程，进行了岩爆的动态演化模拟。研究认为，当井底逐渐接近高压裂缝圈闭的过程中，裂缝面周向应力和径向应力差值逐渐增大，主应力之间的差值所引起的剪应力增长使裂缝面产生压剪破坏及压剪-拉伸复合破坏，直至破坏区连通井筒，高压气体携带大量碎屑喷入井内，释放大量能量，产生井底岩爆。该研究成果系统解释了QL1井录井监测参数的异常变化，其研究结果不仅可为岩爆的防治提供理论基础，而且在石油工程领域为深部岩体动力学失稳研究提供了一个新的视角。

关键词: 气体钻井, 有效应力, 高压裂缝圈闭, 井底应力, 井底岩爆

Abstract:

Bottom-hole rock burst occurred in high-pressure fracture traps consisting of tight sandstones drilled in nitrogen drilling, basically resulting in the malignant blowout accident in Well QL1. The dynamic mechanism of bottom-hole rock burst was analyzed using the theoretical method for the study of wellbore instability, and the dynamic evolution simulation of rock burst was performed by means of Visual Basic and Matlab programming. The research suggests when the bottom hole is gradually approaching the high-pressure fracture trap, the difference between circumferential stress and radial stress of the crack face gradually increases, and the increasing shear stress caused by the difference between principal stresses leads to the compression-shear failure and the composite failure resulted from compression, shear and tension. Until the wellbore is communicated with the failure zone and the high pressure gas carrying plenty of debris is injected into the well, a large amount of energy is released to trigger bottom-hole rock burst. The research results systematically explain the abnormal changes of logging monitoring parameters in the well QL1. The results not only provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of rock burst, but also provide a new perspective for studying the dynamic instability of deep rock in the field of petroleum engineering.

Key words: gas drilling, effective stress, high-pressure fracture trap, bottom-hole stress, bottom-hole rock burst

中图分类号:

TE21

罗成波, 蒋祖军, 李皋, 何龙, 孟英峰, 欧彪, 肖国益, 严焱诚, 王希勇. QL1井井底突发性岩爆动力学机理及动态演化过程[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(2): 244-252.

Luo Chengbo, Jiang Zujun, Li Gao, He Long, Meng Yingfeng, Ou Biao, Xiao Guoyi, Yan Yancheng, Wang Xiyong. Dynamic mechanism and dynamic evolution process of abrupt bottom-hole rock burst in Well QL1[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(2): 244-252.

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QL1井井底突发性岩爆动力学机理及动态演化过程

Dynamic mechanism and dynamic evolution process of abrupt bottom-hole rock burst in Well QL1

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