Formation, deposition characteristics and prevention methods of gas hydrates in deepwater gas wells

doi:10.7623/syxb202106007

Acta Petrolei Sinica ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 776-790.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202106007

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Formation, deposition characteristics and prevention methods of gas hydrates in deepwater gas wells

Wang Zhiyuan¹, Zhang Jianbo¹, Meng Wenbo², Sun Baojiang¹, Sun Jinsheng¹, Wang Jintang^1,3, Liu Dahui⁴, Wang Jinbo^1,5

1. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
2. Zhanjiang Branch, CNOOC China Limited, Guangdong Zhanjiang 524057, China;
3. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangdong Guangzhou 523936, China;
4. CIMC Offshore Engineering Insititute Co., Ltd., Shandong Yantai 264000, China;
5. Dongying Ruifeng Petroleum Technology Co., Ltd., Shandong Dongying 257000, China

Received:2020-05-15 Revised:2021-01-05 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-07-06

深水气井天然气水合物生成、沉积特性与防治方法

王志远¹, 张剑波¹, 孟文波², 孙宝江¹, 孙金声¹, 王金堂^1,3, 刘大辉⁴, 王金波^1,5

1. 中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院山东青岛 266580;
2. 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司广东湛江 524057;
3. 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州) 广东广州 523936;
4. 中集海洋工程研究院有限公司山东烟台 264000;
5. 东营市瑞丰石油技术发展有限责任公司山东东营 257000

通讯作者: 王志远,男,1981年12月生,2004年获石油大学(华东)石油工程专业学士学位,2009年获中国石油大学(华东)油气井工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气井多相流动理论及应用、海洋石油工程、水合物开发及流动保障等方面的研究工作。
作者简介:王志远,男,1981年12月生,2004年获石油大学(华东)石油工程专业学士学位,2009年获中国石油大学(华东)油气井工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)教授、博士生导师,主要从事油气井多相流动理论及应用、海洋石油工程、水合物开发及流动保障等方面的研究工作。Email:wangzy1209@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目（No.51974350）、国家自然科学基金重大项目（No.51991363）、南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室（广州）人才团队引进重大专项（GML2019ZD0501）和国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0307604）资助。

Abstract

Abstract: The flow barrier formed by the formation and deposition of gas hydrates in the wellbore is an important factor affecting the safe and efficient development of deepwater gas wells. Based on studying the multiphase flow characteristics under different working conditions in deepwater gas wells, considering the formation and deposition characteristics of hydrates and the influencing factors under different working conditions, this paper establishes a prediction model of and revelas the formation mechanism of the flow barrier of hydrates under different working conditions, and explores the risks of occurrence of the flow barrier of hydrates under different working conditions, as well as prevention methods. The research results show that there are areas where hydrates are formed in the wellbore under the working conditions of initial open, testing, shut-in and cold start. However, there are less risks of occurrence of the flow barrier of hydrates in wellbore under initial open flow and short-time shut-in conditions, while the flow barrier of hydrates may occur in wellbore under testing and cold start conditions. Under the above conditions, the hydrate deposits in wellbore is non-uniformly distributed, and the flow barrier of hydrates may occur in the place where the thickness of the hydrate deposits is the largest. In view of the specific characteristics under different working conditions of deepwater gas wells, this paper proposes some measures to prevent and control the flow barrier of hydrates under different working conditions, and discusses some other hydrate prevention methods that may be applicable to deepwater gas wells.

Key words: deepwater gas well, working conditions, flow barrier of hydrates, formation mechanism, prevention method

摘要： 井筒中天然气水合物生成和沉积形成的流动障碍是影响深水气井安全高效开发的重要因素。在深水气井不同工况下多相流动特性研究的基础上，考虑不同工况下的水合物生成和沉积特点及影响因素，建立了不同工况下的水合物流动障碍预测模型，揭示了不同工况下的水合物流动障碍形成机制，探讨了不同工况下的水合物流动障碍风险及防治方法。研究结果表明：初开井、测试、关井和冷启动工况下井筒中均存在水合物生成区域，但初开井和短时间关井工况下井筒中发生水合物流动障碍的风险较小，而测试和冷启动工况下井筒中可能会发生水合物流动障碍。上述工况下井筒中的水合物沉积层生长均是非均匀分布的，水合物沉积层厚度最大的位置是发生水合物流动障碍最危险的部位。针对深水气井不同工况的具体特点，提出了不同工况下的水合物流动障碍防治措施，并探讨了一些其他可能适用于深水气井的水合物防治方法。

关键词: 深水气井, 工况, 水合物流动障碍, 形成机制, 防治方法

CLC Number:

TE86

Wang Zhiyuan, Zhang Jianbo, Meng Wenbo, Sun Baojiang, Sun Jinsheng, Wang Jintang, Liu Dahui, Wang Jinbo. Formation, deposition characteristics and prevention methods of gas hydrates in deepwater gas wells[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(6): 776-790.

王志远, 张剑波, 孟文波, 孙宝江, 孙金声, 王金堂, 刘大辉, 王金波. 深水气井天然气水合物生成、沉积特性与防治方法[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(6): 776-790.

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Formation, deposition characteristics and prevention methods of gas hydrates in deepwater gas wells

深水气井天然气水合物生成、沉积特性与防治方法

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