关键词: 低渗透油藏, 流体流动, 流动效率, 启动压力, 非达西流动, 计算方法

Abstract: The inflow performance relationships (IPR) for the single-phase and two-phase flow in vertical wells of low-permeability reservoirs are established.The concept of effective formation pressure is presented.The flow efficiency is defined as the ratio of actual rates of non-perfect wells to the rates of ideal wells,in consideration of the effect of non-perfection on well rates.This definition is easily described by mathematics,and its physical meaning is clear.The calculating methods of IPR for oil-gas-water flow are discussed.The analysis shows that Darcy flow in steady fluid flow is only a special case of non-Darcy flow.The application of field data from 53 wells to validate the models shows that the average calculation error is within 10%.The established IPR are suitable for different cases and can be widely used in practice.

Key words: low-permeability reservoir, fluid flow, flow efficiency, starting pressure, non-Darcy flow, calculation