亚硝酸钠与氯化铵体系的反应特征

doi:10.7623/syxb202002008

石油学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 226-234.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202002008

亚硝酸钠与氯化铵体系的反应特征

王业飞^1,2,3, 钱程^1,2,3, 姬宗江⁴, 颜菲⁵, 杨震^1,2,3, 丁名臣^1,2,3, 陈五花^1,2,3

1. 中国石油大学(华东)非常规油气开发教育部重点实验室山东青岛 266580;
2. 山东省油田化学重点实验室山东青岛 266580;
3. 中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院山东青岛 266580;
4. 中国石油新疆油田公司采油二厂新疆克拉玛依 834000;
5. 中国石油冀东油田公司钻采工艺研究院河北唐山 063000

收稿日期:2019-05-14 修回日期:2019-12-13 出版日期:2020-02-25 发布日期:2020-03-09
通讯作者: 王业飞,男,1968年9月生,1991年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,1998年获石油大学(华东)油气田开发工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事新型表面活性剂研发以及提高采收率与采油化学的研究工作。Email:wangyf@upc.edu.cn
作者简介:王业飞,男,1968年9月生,1991年获石油大学(华东)学士学位,1998年获石油大学(华东)油气田开发工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院教授、博士生导师,主要从事新型表面活性剂研发以及提高采收率与采油化学的研究工作。Email:wangyf@upc.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项（2016ZX05058-003-003）资助。

Reaction characteristics of sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride system

Wang Yefei^1,2,3, Qian Cheng^1,2,3, Ji Zongjiang⁴, Yan Fei⁵, Yang Zhen^1,2,3, Ding Mingchen^1,2,3, Chen Wuhua^1,2,3

1. Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil & Gas Development of Ministry of Education, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
2. Shandong Key Laboratory of Oilfield Chemistry, School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
3. School of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
4. No.2 Oil Production Plant, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China;
5. Drilling and Production Technology Research Institute, PetroChina Jidong Oilfield Company, Hebei Tangshan 063000, China

Received:2019-05-14 Revised:2019-12-13 Online:2020-02-25 Published:2020-03-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对油田常用的亚硝酸钠和氯化铵自生氮气体系，通过常压/高压产气实验探究了不同因素对产气性能的影响。研究结果表明：反应物摩尔浓度比为1：1时，反应物浓度、氢离子浓度及温度越高，反应速率及产气量越高，反应初始压力对体系产气量影响较小。自生氮气反应的生热能力随着反应物浓度、氢离子浓度和初始反应温度的增加而增加，反应体系的峰值温度也随之升高。NaNO₂和NH₄Cl体系的反应动力学方程为dc/dt=-7.103×10⁷c（H⁺）^{1.329 1}c₀^{2.094 9}e^{（-51.28/RT）}；NaNO₂和NH₄Cl混合反应中存在H₂N-NO和HN=NOH两种中间产物，NH₃与N₂O₃经S_N2亲核取代历程形成H₂N-NO的反应决定了反应速率，H₂N-NO转化得到的HN=NOH可自发分解生成最终产物N₂和H₂O。

关键词: 亚硝酸钠, 氯化铵, 自生氮气体系, 反应特性, 动力学方程

Abstract:

On the basis of in-situ nitrogen generation system of sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride commonly used in oil fields, the effects of various factors on gas production performance were investigated by atmospheric pressure/high pressure gas production experiments. The results show that when the molar concentration ratio of reactants is 1:1, the higher the reactant concentration, hydrogen ion concentration and temperature, the higher the reaction rate and gas production. The initial pressure of the reaction has little effect on gas production of the system. The heat generation capacity of the in-situ nitrogen reaction increases with an increase in the concentration of reactants, the concentration of hydrogen ions, and the initial reaction temperature, and the peak temperature of the reaction system is also increased. The reaction kinetic equation of NaNO₂/NH₄Cl system is dc/dt=-7.103×10⁷c(H⁺)^{1.329 1}c₀^{2.094 9}e^(-51.28/RT). There are two intermediate products during the mixing reaction of NaNO₂ and NH₄Cl, i.e, H₂N-NO and HN=NOH. The reaction rate is determined by the reaction forming H₂N-NO by NH₃ and N₂O₃ through the nucleophilic substitution process of S_N2. The HN=NOH obtained by H₂N-NO conversion can be spontaneously decomposed, producing the final products N₂ and H₂O.

Key words: sodium nitrite, ammonium chloride, in-situ nitrogen generation system, reaction characteristics, kinetic equation

中图分类号:

TE39

王业飞, 钱程, 姬宗江, 颜菲, 杨震, 丁名臣, 陈五花. 亚硝酸钠与氯化铵体系的反应特征[J]. 石油学报, 2020, 41(2): 226-234.

Wang Yefei, Qian Cheng, Ji Zongjiang, Yan Fei, Yang Zhen, Ding Mingchen, Chen Wuhua. Reaction characteristics of sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride system[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020, 41(2): 226-234.

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亚硝酸钠与氯化铵体系的反应特征

Reaction characteristics of sodium nitrite and ammonium chloride system

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