远源油气成藏条件与富集主控因素——以库车坳陷南部斜坡带中生界-新生界油气藏为例

doi:10.7623/syxb202103004

石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (3): 307-318.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202103004

远源油气成藏条件与富集主控因素——以库车坳陷南部斜坡带中生界-新生界油气藏为例

刘春^1,2,3, 陈世加¹, 赵继龙², 陈戈², 苏洲⁴, 高乔¹

1. 西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院四川成都 610500;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083;
3. 中国石油杭州地质研究院浙江杭州 310023;
4. 中国石油塔里木油田公司新疆库尔勒 841000

收稿日期:2020-05-08 修回日期:2020-12-12 出版日期:2021-03-25 发布日期:2021-04-09
通讯作者: 刘春,男,1982年4月生,2005年获西南石油大学学士学位,2008年获西南石油大学硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事石油地质与地球化学研究工作。
作者简介:刘春,男,1982年4月生,2005年获西南石油大学学士学位,2008年获西南石油大学硕士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院高级工程师,主要从事石油地质与地球化学研究工作。Email:liuc_hz@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项“大型岩性油气藏形成主控因素与有利区带评价”（2017ZX05001-002）资助。

Accumulation conditions and main controlling factors of far-source oil and gas reservoirs: a case study of Meso-Cenozoic reservoirs in the southern slope of Kuqa depression

Liu Chun^1,2,3, Chen Shijia¹, Zhao Jilong², Chen Ge², Su Zhou⁴, Gao Qiao¹

1. School of Geosciences & Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China;
2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China;
3. PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310023, China;
4. PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Korla 841000, China

Received:2020-05-08 Revised:2020-12-12 Online:2021-03-25 Published:2021-04-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 库车坳陷南部斜坡带发育中生界-新生界陆相含油气系统，油气资源丰富，是远源油气藏的重点勘探领域，在空间上具有“西富东贫、纵向集中、下油上气、油气并存、以气为主”的分布格局。基于岩心、钻井、孔隙度和渗透率、流体包裹体、油气地球化学等分析测试资料，通过对库车坳陷南部斜坡带中生界—新生界远源油气的成藏条件及富集主控因素进行系统分析，明确了下一步的油气勘探方向。毗邻拜城富油气凹陷、成烃期的稳定斜坡构造、高效的油气输导体系、优越的储-盖组合和持续的油气充注是南部斜坡带形成远源油气藏的关键条件，油气藏总体上呈现“持续供烃、早油晚气、分段捕获、晚期成藏”的成藏特征。油气富集表现为“三元主控”，即岩性的上倾尖灭带、构造高部位和断层遮挡带共同控制油气富集，油气主要富集在扇三角洲前缘席状砂或湖相滩坝砂体的上倾尖灭带、倾向朝南的构造高部位和调节断层的遮挡带。研究认识既可以为研究区下一步油气勘探部署提供理论依据，也可以为地质条件相似的构造带开展远源油气藏研究提供借鉴。

关键词: 塔里木盆地, 库车坳陷南部斜坡带, 中生界-新生界, 远源油气藏, 成藏条件, 主控因素

Abstract: Meso-Cenozoic continental petroleum system is developed in the southern slope of Kuqa depression with rich oil and gas resources. It is a key exploration area for far-source oil and gas reservoirs. In space, it has a distribution pattern with the characteristics of “rich in the west and poor in the east, vertical accumulation, lower oil and upper gas, coexistence of oil and gas, and dominated by gas”. Based on the analysis of core, well data, porosity and permeability, thermometry of fluid inclusions, and elementary geochemistry, this paper systematically analyzes the accumulation conditions and main controlling factors of the Meso-Cenozoic far-source oil and gas reservoirs in the southern slope of Kuqa depression, clarifies the direction of oil and gas exploration in the next step. The proximity to the hydrocarbon-rich sag in Baicheng, the stable slope structural background during the hydrocarbon generation period, the efficient oil-gas transport system, the superior reservoir-cap assembly and continuous oil and gas charging are the keys for the formation of far-source oil and gas reservoirs in the southern slope belt. Generally, the reservoirs present the accumulation characteristics of continuous hydrocarbon supply, early oil generation and late gas generation, staged trapping, and late accumulation. Oil and gas enrichment is manifested as the ternary main control, i.e., the lithological updip pinch-out zone, structural high parts and fault seals jointly control the oil and gas enrichment, and the oil and gas are mainly enriched in the sheet sand of the fan delta front or the updip pinch-out zone of lacustrine beach bar sand bodies, the south-dipping structurally high parts and the fault sealing zone. The understandings can not only provide a theoretical basis for the future oil and gas exploration deployment in the study area, but also provide a reference for the study of far-source oil and gas reservoirs in structural belts with similar geological conditions.

Key words: Tarim Basin, southern slope of Kuqa depression, Meso-Cenozoic, far-source oil and gas reservoir, accumulation conditions, main controlling factors

中图分类号:

TE122.3

刘春, 陈世加, 赵继龙, 陈戈, 苏洲, 高乔. 远源油气成藏条件与富集主控因素——以库车坳陷南部斜坡带中生界-新生界油气藏为例[J]. 石油学报, 2021, 42(3): 307-318.

Liu Chun, Chen Shijia, Zhao Jilong, Chen Ge, Su Zhou, Gao Qiao. Accumulation conditions and main controlling factors of far-source oil and gas reservoirs: a case study of Meso-Cenozoic reservoirs in the southern slope of Kuqa depression[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2021, 42(3): 307-318.

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远源油气成藏条件与富集主控因素——以库车坳陷南部斜坡带中生界-新生界油气藏为例

Accumulation conditions and main controlling factors of far-source oil and gas reservoirs: a case study of Meso-Cenozoic reservoirs in the southern slope of Kuqa depression

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