石油学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 1486-1498.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202111008

• 石油工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于可靠度理论的斜井井壁失稳风险评价方法

马天寿1,2, 张赟1, 邱艺1, 刘阳3, 陈平1   

  1. 1. 西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室 四川成都 610500;
    2. 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室 湖北武汉 430071;
    3. 西南石油大学机电工程学院 四川成都 610500
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-10 修回日期:2021-08-16 出版日期:2021-11-25 发布日期:2021-12-01
  • 作者简介:马天寿,男,1987年12月生,2009年获西南石油大学学士学位,2015年获西南石油大学博士学位,现为西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院研究员、博士生导师,主要从事石油工程岩石力学与油气井工程的科研与教学工作。Email:matianshou@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    四川省杰出青年人才基金项目(2020JCQN0135)和中国博士后科学基金项目(2017T100592,2016M600626)资助。

Risk evaluation method of borehole instability of deviated wells based on reliability theory

Ma Tianshou1,2, Zhang Yun1, Qiu Yi1, Liu Yang3, Chen Ping1   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China;
    2. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Wuhan 430071, China;
    3. School of Mechatronic Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Sichuan Chengdu 610500, China
  • Received:2020-11-10 Revised:2021-08-16 Online:2021-11-25 Published:2021-12-01

摘要: 由于地质环境的隐蔽性和复杂性,地质力学参数和岩石力学参数具有很大的不确定性,井壁稳定分析中忽略不确定的影响可能导致钻井液密度设计不合理,进而直接影响钻井井壁稳定。国内外学者对确定参数条件下的井壁稳定开展了深入的研究,但对不确定参数条件下井壁稳定影响的研究并不深入,尤其是对于任意斜井失稳风险的评价。为此,在井壁稳定孔弹性力学模型和崩落宽度模型基础上,建立了基于可靠度理论的井壁失稳风险评估方法,采用Monte-Carlo随机方法模拟了四川盆地CW气田直井、斜井和水平井的井壁失稳风险,并系统分析了参数均值和方差对井壁失稳的影响规律。研究结果表明:①随着井斜角增加,井壁坍塌当量密度显著增加,井壁破裂当量密度显著降低,不同井型失稳风险与常规井壁稳定规律基本一致。②考虑参数不确定影响后,坍塌当量密度增加、破裂当量密度降低,安全密度窗口逐渐变窄,说明参数不确定影响不可忽略。③崩落宽度对井壁坍塌影响显著,崩落宽度越大则井壁坍塌可靠度越高,在不发生井壁失稳事故的前提下,允许适当的井壁崩落有助于提高成功钻井概率。④4参数均值和变异系数敏感性分析结果表明,影响井壁稳定最为显著的因素为地应力,其次为孔隙压力和岩石强度;随着变异系数的增加,坍塌当量密度逐渐增加、破裂当量密度逐渐降低,安全密度窗口逐渐变窄,井壁失稳的风险越高。

关键词: 可靠度理论, 风险评估, 井壁稳定, 坍塌压力, 破裂压力, Monte-Carlo方法

Abstract: The concealment and complexity of geological environment will lead to great uncertainties in geomechanical parameters and rock mechanics parameters. Ignoring the influence of uncertainty in wellbore stability analysis may lead to unreasonable drilling fluid density design, which will directly affect the wellbore stability during drilling. Domestic and foreign researchers have carried out in-depth studies on the wellbore stability under the condition of determined parameters, rather than on the influence of uncertain parameters on the wellbore stability, especially for the evaluation of the instability risk of arbitrary deviated well. Therefore, a risk assessment method of wellbore instability based on reliability theory is established using the poroelastic model and breakout width model. Further, using Monte-Carlo stochastic method, this paper simulates the wellbore instability risks of vertical, deviated and horizontal wells in CW gas field in Sichuan Basin, and systematically analyzes the influence of the mean value and variance of the parameters on wellbore instability. The results show that:(1) with the increase of deviation angle, the equivalent density of collapse pressure increases significantly, the equivalent density of fracture pressure decreases significantly, and the instability law of different wells is basically consistent with that of conventional model; (2) when considering the influence of parameter uncertainty, the equivalent density of collapse pressure increases, the equivalent density of fracture pressure decreases, and the safety density window of drilling fluid gradually narrows, indicating that the influence of parameter uncertainty cannot be ignored; (3) the collapse width has a significant impact on wellbore collapse; the larger the collapse width, the higher the reliability of wellbore collapse; on the premise of no wellbore collapse accident, the controllable occurrence of wellbore collapse is conducive to improve the drilling success rate; (4) the sensitivity analysis of the mean value and variation coefficient of parameters shows that the most significant factor affecting wellbore stability is in-situ stress, followed by pore pressure and rock strength; with the increase of variation coefficient, the equivalent density of collapse pressure gradually increases, the equivalent density of fracture pressure gradually decreases, the safety density window of drilling fluid gradually narrows, and the higher the risk of wellbore instability is.

Key words: reliability theory, risk assessment, wellbore stability, collapse pressure, fracture pressure, Monte-Carlo method

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