准噶尔盆地乌尔禾地区稀油—稠油—油砂—沥青立体成藏(成矿)模式

doi:10.7623/syxb202307004

石油学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 1072-1084.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202307004

准噶尔盆地乌尔禾地区稀油—稠油—油砂—沥青立体成藏(成矿)模式

陈刚强¹, 张磊², 王东勇³, 马万云⁴, 牛志杰³, 邹贤利¹

1. 中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区石油学院新疆克拉玛依 834000;
2. 中国石油新疆油田公司勘探开发研究院新疆克拉玛依 834000;
3. 中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室北京 102249;
4. 中国石油新疆油田公司实验检测研究院新疆克拉玛依 834000

收稿日期:2022-04-19 修回日期:2022-10-15 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-08-08
通讯作者: 陈刚强,男,1983年12月生,2008年获中国石油大学(华东)地质资源与地质工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区石油学院副教授,主要从事构造及油气成藏研究工作。
作者简介:陈刚强,男,1983年12月生,2008年获中国石油大学(华东)地质资源与地质工程专业博士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)克拉玛依校区石油学院副教授,主要从事构造及油气成藏研究工作。Email:2017592004@cupk.edu.cn
基金资助:
克拉玛依市创新环境建设计划（创新人才）项目"准噶尔盆地乌尔禾地区稀油—稠油—油砂矿—沥青矿多期立体成藏（成矿）模式及油气地质产学研实习基地建设"和新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划自然科学青年项目（XJEDU2018Y059）资助。

A stereo model of accumulation from normal oil to heavy oil to oil sand to bitumen in Wuerhe area, Junggar Basin

Chen Gangqiang¹, Zhang Lei², Wang Dongyong³, Ma Wanyun⁴, Niu Zhijie³, Zou Xianli¹

1. Petroleum Institute, China University of Petroleum-Beijing at Karamay, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China;
2. Research Institute of Exploration and Development, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China;
3. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
4. Institute of Experimental Testing, PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Xinjiang Karamay 834000, China

Received:2022-04-19 Revised:2022-10-15 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-08-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 准噶尔盆地乌尔禾地区从埋深5 000 m至地表，烃类在多套层系中聚集成藏（成矿）。综合乌尔禾地区构造、沉积、烃类演化和油藏（油矿）的分布特征认为，乌尔禾地区的风城组碱湖相具有优质、成熟和持续生、排烃的源岩条件，在石炭纪之后3期构造运动控制下形成了多套储-盖组合，其继承性鼻状隆起中的深、浅层"Y"形断裂系统构成了油气的接力输导和圈闭条件，而浅层油气散失、生物降解和氧化作用构成了油气藏的破坏条件。这些造就了乌尔禾地区烃类3期成藏、3期破坏的特征，形成了由二叠系和三叠系稀油油藏、侏罗系稠油油藏、白垩系油砂矿和沥青矿脉构成的稀油—稠油—油砂—沥青立体成藏（成矿）模式。该成藏模式独特，对研究油气多期成藏、烃类演化、断裂对油气成藏的双重作用具有重要意义，对准噶尔盆地西北缘的油气勘探具有指导意义。

关键词: 乌尔禾地区, 稠油, 油砂矿, 沥青矿, 成藏模式

Abstract: From the buried depth of 5 000 m to the surface, hydrocarbons are accumulated or mineralized in multiple sets of strata in the Wuerhe area of Junggar Basin. Based on the characteristics of structures, sediments, hydrocarbon evolution and reservoir (oil deposit) distribution in Wuerhe area, it is believed that the alkali lacustrine facies of Fengcheng Formation in Wuerhe area has the source rock conditions of high quality, mature and continuous hydrocarbon generation and expulsion. Several sets of reservoir-cap assemblages were formed in Wuerhe area under the control of the three tectonic movements after the Carboniferous period. The deep and shallow Y-shaped fault system in the inheriting nasal plunging fold structures provided the transportation and trap conditions of oil and gas, while the loss, biodegradation and oxidation of shallow oil and gas led to the destruction of oil and gas reservoirs. All those factors contributed to the three stages of hydrocarbon accumulation and three stages of destruction in Wuerhe area, and formed the stereo model of accumulation (mineralization) from normal oil to heavy oil to oil sand to bitumen, involving Permian and Triassic thin oil reservoirs, Jurassic heavy oil reservoirs, Cretaceous oil sands and asphalt veins. This unique accumulation model is of great significance for the study of multi-stage hydrocarbon accumulation, hydrocarbon evolution, and the dual effects of faults on hydrocarbon accumulation, and also has guiding significance for oil and gas exploration in the northwest margin of Junggar Basin.

Key words: Wuerhe area, heavy oil, oil sand, bitumen, accumulation model

中图分类号:

TE122.3

陈刚强, 张磊, 王东勇, 马万云, 牛志杰, 邹贤利. 准噶尔盆地乌尔禾地区稀油—稠油—油砂—沥青立体成藏(成矿)模式[J]. 石油学报, 2023, 44(7): 1072-1084.

Chen Gangqiang, Zhang Lei, Wang Dongyong, Ma Wanyun, Niu Zhijie, Zou Xianli. A stereo model of accumulation from normal oil to heavy oil to oil sand to bitumen in Wuerhe area, Junggar Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2023, 44(7): 1072-1084.

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准噶尔盆地乌尔禾地区稀油—稠油—油砂—沥青立体成藏(成矿)模式

A stereo model of accumulation from normal oil to heavy oil to oil sand to bitumen in Wuerhe area, Junggar Basin

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