四川盆地东南部龙马溪组页岩微-纳米孔隙结构特征及控制因素

doi:10.7623/syxb201602004

石油学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 182-195.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201602004

四川盆地东南部龙马溪组页岩微-纳米孔隙结构特征及控制因素

纪文明^1,2, 宋岩^1,2,3, 姜振学^1,2, 陈磊^1,2, 王朋飞^1,2, 刘庆新^1,2, 高凤琳^1,2, 杨潇^1,2

1. 中国石油大学油气资源与探测国家重点实验室北京 102249;
2. 中国石油大学非常规天然气研究院北京 102249;
3. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083

收稿日期:2015-07-01 修回日期:2016-01-13 出版日期:2016-02-25 发布日期:2016-03-11
通讯作者: 宋岩,女,1957年10月生,1982年获华东石油学院学士学位,2003年获中国科学院博士学位,现为中国石油勘探开发研究院教授级高级工程师、中国石油大学(北京)非常规天然气研究院院长,主要从事天然气地质研究工作。Email:sya@petrochina.com.cn
作者简介:纪文明,男,1987年1月生,2010年获山东科技大学学士学位,2013年获中国石油大学(北京)硕士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)非常规天然气研究院博士研究生,主要从事非常规天然气成藏与地质评价的学习和研究工作。Email:jiwenming@outlook.com
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项(2011ZX05018-002)和国家自然科学基金项目(No.41472112)资助。

Micro-nano pore structure characteristics and its control factors of shale in Longmaxi Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin

Ji Wenming^1,2, Song Yan^1,2,3, Jiang Zhenxue^1,2, Chen Lei^1,2, Wang Pengfei^1,2, Liu Qingxin^1,2, Gao Fenglin^1,2, Yang Xiao^1,2

1. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. Unconventional Natural Gas Institute, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
3. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2015-07-01 Revised:2016-01-13 Online:2016-02-25 Published:2016-03-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以四川盆地东南部重庆地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩为研究对象,通过场发射扫描电镜、CO₂及N₂低温低压吸附实验,探讨海相页岩储层微-纳米孔孔隙结构特征及其控制因素。结果表明:龙马溪组页岩发育有机孔、粒间孔、粒内孔、晶间孔、溶蚀孔和微裂缝6种孔隙类型,其中有机孔、黏土矿物层间粒内孔最为发育,由于热演化程度高也发育大量的溶蚀孔隙;龙马溪组页岩BET比表面积介于3.5~18.1 m²/g,BJH总孔容介于0.00234~0.01338 cm³/g,DA微孔比表面积介于1.3~7.3 m²/g,DA微孔孔容介于0.00052~0.00273 cm³/g。页岩微孔比表面积占总比表面积的23.1%~80.2%,平均占比50.3%,微孔孔容占总孔容的12.1%~48.5%,平均占比32.3%,微孔提供比表面积的能力远大于中孔和宏孔,是页岩储层中甲烷吸附的主要场所;泥页岩孔径分布复杂,孔径分布曲线存在多个不同的峰值,在0~100 nm范围内主要呈现双峰或三峰特征,偶见四峰特征;有机碳含量与泥页岩微孔、中孔+宏孔及总孔的孔隙结构参数均呈现非常好的线性关系,表明TOC是泥页岩中微-纳米孔隙结构最重要的控制因素,将孔隙结构参数对TOC进行归一化处理后,总孔和中孔+宏孔孔隙结构参数与黏土矿物含量呈正线性关系,与脆性矿物含量呈负线性关系,表明黏土矿物和脆性矿物主要控制页岩的中孔和宏孔的发育。

关键词: 海相页岩, 孔隙结构, 控制因素, 龙马溪组, 四川盆地

Abstract:

Lower Silurian shale in Longmaxi Formation of Chongqing, southeastern Sichuan Basin is taken as the research object in this study. The micro-nano pore structure characteristics and its control factors of marine shale reservoirs are explored based on field-emission scanning electron microscope and low-temperature low-pressure N₂ and CO₂ adsorption experiments. Results show that six kinds of pore are developed in the shale of Longmaxi Formation, i.e., organic pores, intergranular pores, intraparticle pores, intercrystalline pores, dissolution pores and micro-fractures, of which the organic pores and interlayer intraparticle pores of clay mineral are most developed, and dissolution pores are also well developed because of high thermal evolution degree. The BET specific surface area of shale in Longmaxi Formation is within the range of 3.5-18.1 m²/g, and BJH total pore volume is 0.00234-0.01338 cm³/g. The DA micro-pore specific surface area is 1.3-7.3 m²/g, and DA micro-pore pore volume is 0.00052-0.00273 cm³/g. The micro-pore specific surface area in shale accounts for 23.1%-80.2% of total specific surface area, averaged at 50.3%. The pore volume of micro-pore in shale accounts for 12.1%-48.5% of total pore volume, averaged at 32.3%. Micro-pore has a rather greater capacity for providing specific surface area than meso-pore and macro-pore, thus forming the main methane adsorption sites in shale reservoirs. Mud shale presents the complex distribution of pore size, and multiple different peaks exist in the distribution curve, showing two or three peaks in the range of 0-100 nm as well as occasional four peaks. TOC has a very good linear relationship with the pore structure parameters of micro-pore, meso-pore, macro-pore and total pore in mud shale, indicating that TOC is the most important control factor of micro-nano pore structure in mud shale. After normalizing the pore structure parameters on TOC, the pore structure parameters of meso-pore, macro-pore and total pore have a positive linear relationship with clay mineral content, but a negative linear relationship with brittleness mineral content, showing that clay minerals and brittle minerals are the main factors for controlling the development of meso-pore and macro-pore in shale.

Key words: marine shale, pore structure, control factors, Longmaxi Formation, Sichuan Basin

中图分类号:

TE122

纪文明, 宋岩, 姜振学, 陈磊, 王朋飞, 刘庆新, 高凤琳, 杨潇. 四川盆地东南部龙马溪组页岩微-纳米孔隙结构特征及控制因素[J]. 石油学报, 2016, 37(2): 182-195.

Ji Wenming, Song Yan, Jiang Zhenxue, Chen Lei, Wang Pengfei, Liu Qingxin, Gao Fenglin, Yang Xiao. Micro-nano pore structure characteristics and its control factors of shale in Longmaxi Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016, 37(2): 182-195.

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四川盆地东南部龙马溪组页岩微-纳米孔隙结构特征及控制因素

Micro-nano pore structure characteristics and its control factors of shale in Longmaxi Formation, southeastern Sichuan Basin

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