极端低温环境下油管钢的腐蚀行为

doi:10.7623/syxb202602013

石油学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 482-490.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202602013

• 石油工程 • 上一篇

极端低温环境下油管钢的腐蚀行为

张永强^1,2,3, 高德利¹, 王宴滨¹, 杨志刚^2,3, 赵彪⁴, 崔中雨⁴

1. 中国石油大学(北京)石油工程学院北京 102249;
2. 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司研究院陕西西安 710075;
3. 陕西省二氧化碳封存与提高采收率重点实验室陕西西安 710075;
4. 中国海洋大学材料科学与工程学院山东青岛 266100

收稿日期:2025-07-02 修回日期:2025-12-24 发布日期:2026-03-13
通讯作者: 高德利,男,1958年4月生,1990年获石油大学(北京)油气井工程专业博士学位,中国科学院院士,现为中国石油大学(北京)教授,长期从事油气井工程科学研究。Email:gaodeli@cup.edu.cn
作者简介:张永强,男,1982年2月生,2008年获西安石油大学材料学专业硕士学位,现为中国石油大学(北京)博士研究生,主要从事石油管工程、油气田防腐等相关研究工作。Email:zhangyqslb@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重大项目(No.52394250)、国家自然科学基金重点项目(No.52234002)和国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0206700)资助。

Corrosion behavior of tubing steel in extreme low-temperature environments

Zhang Yongqiang^1,2,3, Gao Deli¹, Wang Yanbin¹, Yang Zhigang^2,3, Zhao Biao⁴, Cui Zhongyu⁴

1. College of Petroleum Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China;
2. Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Xi'an 710075, China;
3. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery, Shaanxi Xi'an 710075, China;
4. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Shandong Qingdao 266100, China

Received:2025-07-02 Revised:2025-12-24 Published:2026-03-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为保障CO₂驱油、海洋油气开发等特殊工况下油气井的开采安全并延长油套管服役寿命,亟须明确极端低温环境(≤-20 ℃)对油管钢腐蚀行为的影响规律。采用现场油管钢为实验材料,通过腐蚀失重测试、腐蚀产物表面及截面形貌观察以及腐蚀产物成分分析等方法,系统研究了油管钢在低温环境下的腐蚀行为。结果表明,两种温度环境下腐蚀产物主要成分均为FeCO₃。油管钢在低温环境下随着浸泡实验时间的延长,腐蚀速率先快后慢,逐渐下降趋于平稳。低温环境下油管钢的腐蚀行为与常温下有着明显的区别,常温环境下油管钢更倾向于均匀腐蚀,点蚀坑呈浅碟型(深度集中在10~20 μm);在低温环境下,腐蚀形态转变为以点蚀为主导,且点蚀坑倾向发展为深孔型(深度集中在20 μm以下),表现出更强的局部侵蚀性。低温环境并未抑制油管钢的腐蚀进程,反而促使腐蚀形态向局部纵深发展,腐蚀行为的复杂性和不确定性显著增加,对油套管服役安全构成严峻威胁。

关键词: 油管钢, 低温环境, 腐蚀行为, 点蚀, 注入井

Abstract: To ensure the safe operation of oil and gas wells under special conditions, such as CO₂-enhanced oil recovery and offshore oil and gas development, and to extend the service life of casing and tubing, it is essential to understand the impact of extreme low-temperature environments (≤-20 ℃) on the corrosion behavior of tubing steel. Utilizing field-sourced tubing steel as experimental material, this study systematically investigates the corrosion behavior of tubing steel under low-temperature conditions, employing methods such as corrosion weight loss test, surface and cross-sectional morphology and composition analyses of corrosion products. The results indicate that FeCO₃ is the primary component of corrosion products in both temperature environments. Under low-temperature conditions, the corrosion rate initially increases and then gradually decreases, eventually stabilizing with prolonged immersion. The corrosion behavior of tubing steel at low temperatures differs markedly from that at ambient temperatures. At ambient temperature, tubing steel predominantly undergoes uniform corrosion, with pitting lesions forming as shallow, dish-shaped pits (depth in the range of 10-20 μm). Under low-temperature conditions, the corrosion morphology is dominated by pitting corrosion, with the pits tending to develop into deep, hole-like structures (distributed mainly below 20 μm in depth), exhibiting more pronounced localized corrosion. The low-temperature environment did not suppress the corrosion process of tubing steel; rather, it promoted the development of localized corrosion in depth. The complexity and uncertainty of the corrosion behavior significantly increased, posing a substantial threat to the service safety of oil casing and tubing.

Key words: tubing steel, low-temperature environment, corrosion behavior, pitting corrosion, injection well

中图分类号:

TE998

张永强, 高德利, 王宴滨, 杨志刚, 赵彪, 崔中雨. 极端低温环境下油管钢的腐蚀行为[J]. 石油学报, 2026, 47(2): 482-490.

Zhang Yongqiang, Gao Deli, Wang Yanbin, Yang Zhigang, Zhao Biao, Cui Zhongyu. Corrosion behavior of tubing steel in extreme low-temperature environments[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2026, 47(2): 482-490.

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极端低温环境下油管钢的腐蚀行为

Corrosion behavior of tubing steel in extreme low-temperature environments

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