Abstract: The terpolymer composed of ethylene,vinyl acetate and polyether of vinyl alcohol is a new surfactant type pour point depressant (WHP) with high molecular weight.It possesses both polymer property and a certain surfactive activity.As compared with commonly used pour point depressants,such as EVA and polyacrylate of high carbon alcohol etc.the terpolymer has very nice pour point-depressing effect whether for Tuha crude and Xinjiang mixed crude (both of them contain some C₃₇-C₆₃ high carbon number wax) or for Jianghan crude,Luning pipeline crude and Zhongluo pipeline crude (all of them contain C₁₂-C₄₀ common carbon number wax).For example,for Tuha crude,when the dosage is 50mg/l,the common pour point depressants do not have any pour point-depressing effect,but the WHP could reduce the pour point of Tuha crude from 17℃ to 10℃.And for Xinjiang crude,when the dosage is 20mg/l,the WHP could reduce the pour point of this crude from 11℃ to -15℃,but the best one of other pour point depressants only reduces the pour point of this crude to -8℃.Even if for the Jianghan crude with high pour point when the dosage is 100mg/l,the other common pour point depressants only could reduce the pour point of this crude from 34℃ to 22℃,but the WHP could reduce the pour point of this crude from 34℃ to 14℃.In addition,WHP still possesses certain viscosity-reducing ability for Luning pipeline crude,after adding 40mg/l of WHP,at 30℃,the viscosity-reducing extent is 25.2%,and for other common pour point depressants,at the same dosage and same temperature,the maximum viscosity-reducing extent is only 14%. Through simulating flow test of crude in Luning pipeline in laboratory,after adding WHP,the crude was undergone stirring shear in turn at low turning speed (80r/min)and high turning speed (1500r/min)many times,the pour point-rising extent of this crude was reduced very much and the viscosity-rising extent of this crude still was impoved some little.

Key words: pour point depressant, crude oil, high molecular surfactant, polymer, viscosity reducing, pour paint reducing

摘要： 由乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯和乙烯醇聚醚组成的三元共聚物(WHP)是一种新型高分子表面活性剂型原油降凝剂.这种原油降凝剂既具有聚合物的特点,又有一定的表面活性,与某些常用的降凝剂,如EVA、聚丙烯酸高碳醇酯等相比,这种降凝剂无论对含高碳蜡(C₃₇-C₆₃)的吐哈原油和新疆混合原油,还是含一般蜡的江汉原油、鲁宁线原油和中洛线原油均表现出良好的降凝效果.例如,对吐哈原油在加药量为50mg/l时,一般原油降凝剂没有降凝效果,而WHP可以将原油凝固点从17℃降至10℃;而对新疆混合原油,当加药量为20mg/l时,WHP可以将原油凝固点从11℃降至-15℃而一般最好的降凝剂只能降至-8℃,即使对凝固点比较高的江汉原油,当加药量为100mg/l时,一般降凝剂只能将原油凝固点从34℃降至22℃,而WHP则可降至14℃.此外,WHP对鲁宁线原油还有一定的降粘效果,在加药量为40mg/l时,在30℃测定的降粘幅度为25.2%,而一般降凝剂最大的降粘幅度为14%.在室内模拟鲁宁线原油流动的情况下,原油加入WHP后依次经过多次慢速(80r/min)和快速(1500r/min)搅拌剪切后,原油凝固点回升幅度有较大的降低,且粘度的回升幅度也有所改善.

关键词: 降凝剂, 原油, 高分子, 表面活性剂, 聚合物, 降粘, 降凝