Abstract: In this paper result is reported of a primary investigation of the types of nonhydrocarbon in the heavy oil of Liaohe Basin, Northeast China,based on the analytical data achieved with GC and GC-MS of ten samples from the Leng-43 district,Niu-Xin-Tuo district, Gao-Ⅰ district and Gao-Ⅲdistrict respectively. The results show that the hetero-fraction of the samples is dominated by oxygenated compounds,while the abundance of nitrogenous compounds and sulphureous compounds is minor. No phosphorous compound was detected. The acidic fraction constitutes the main proportion of the oxygenated compounds(>47%),among which straight-chain fatty acids account for more than 96%. The insignificant proportion of the oxygenated compounds, however,consists of a variety of organic compound classes including straight-chain alkanones and alcohols,triterpanoid ketones and acids,sterols,iso-and anteiso-fatty acids,phenols and aromatic carboxylic acids. Besides,four pairs of isomers with unknown structure were outstandingly observed in the neutral fractionⅠ as main constituents. Additionally, a lot of compounds remain unidentifiable. The distribution pattern of oxygenated compounds imply that the heavy oil of Liaohe Basin has suffered strong biodegradation and underground-water flush,and received input of aquatic organisms of evident amount.

Key words: heavy oil, oxygenated compounds, biodegradation, Liaohe Basin

摘要： 辽河油田的冷43块北部的雷家场地区、牛心坨油田的茨榆坨地区及高升油田的高Ⅰ区和高Ⅲ区沙一段到沙四段的10个稠油样品中的小分子非烃化学组成的地球化学研究结果,表明辽河稠油中的非烃化合物以含氧化合物为主要成分,含氮、硫化合物甚微,未检出磷化合物。酸性馏分均占总可溶性非烃馏分的47%以上,其中直链脂肪酸占气相色谱可检测总酸性化合物的96%以上。其余的含氧化合物类型包括开链脂肪族酮和醇、五环三萜酮和酸、不饱和甾醇、单甲基支链(iso和anteiso)脂肪酸、芳构有机酸和酚。此外还检出了四对高丰度的未知同分异构体和大量低含量的未知物。多类含氧化合物的存在和分布特征表明一种征象,即辽河稠油经历过较强的生物降解和水洗作用,并接受了近期的菌藻类有机质输入。

关键词: 稠油, 含氧化合物, 生物降解, 辽河盆地